荆州城区蓟马分类的初步研究     

张建民  张长青  蔡立君 《湖北农学院学报》2004,24(4):258-260

2002-2003年对荆州城区的蓟马种类进行了调查，鉴定出锯尾亚目Terebrantia 1科4属14种，管尾亚目Tubulifera 1科3属4种。同时编制了科、属及种检索表。  相似文献   

西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)研究进展^*   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

武晓云  程晓非  张宏瑞  李正跃 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,21(2):178-183

 西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)属于缨翅目(Thysanoptera)昆虫,最初分布于美国西部,20世纪80年代开始迅速扩散至全球各大洲,目前已在69个国家和地区有报道,成为世界性害虫。F. occidentalis可以以持久性的方式传播番茄斑萎病毒属(Tospovirus)病毒,如番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV);并且,F. occidentalis传播的病毒所造成的经济损失远远大于其本身所造成的损失。因此控制F. occidentalis的种群以及它的扩散是控制Tospoviruses的关键所在,有鉴于此,各国对F. occidentalis进行了深入的研究。主要论述了近年来F. occidentalis在生物学特征、室内饲养以及它和TSWV的互作关系等方面的进展。  相似文献   

枸杞蓟马发生与气温相关性的初步研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李锋  马建国  刘晓丽  孙海霞  余建平 《北方园艺》2011,(9):173-174

初步研究了枸杞蓟马种群发生与气温的相关性。结果表明:枸杞蓟马的发生情况与气温呈明显相关。气温升高时枸杞蓟马种群数量增长,气温降低时,蓟马种群数量也随之下降。  相似文献   

苜蓿蓟马的研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

吴永敷  特木尔布 《草地学报》1991,1(1):119-125

本文报道了我国苜蓿蓟马的种类、蓟马危害的症状、因蓟马危害造成苜蓿干草产量损失达20.1%。各种营养成分也有大幅度下降。并报道了优势种牛角花齿蓟马的生活史与发生规律。通过农药的筛选试验、筛选出1∶500—1∶1000倍的40%乐果乳剂是防治苜蓿蓟马的有效农药,并强调了抗虫育种工作应作为今后防治苜蓿蓟马的主要方法。  相似文献   

杭州非栽培植物上访花蓟马种类调查及发生分析     

郦卫弟  贝亚维  张治军  吕要斌 《浙江农业学报》2012,24(2):252-257

为明确蓟马在野外不同植被上的发生动态,了解不同蓟马的寄主偏好性。从4月中旬至11月中旬,每2周对杭州茅家埠多种植物花上的蓟马种类进行采集并在室内进行种类鉴定,并且对几种主要植物的几种蓟马种群动态进行分析,包括对金丝桃Hypericum chinese花上的花蓟马Frankliniella intonsa、西花蓟马F.occidentalis、黄胸蓟马Thrips hawaiiensis及黄蓟马T.flavus;一年篷Erigeron annuus花上的花蓟马、西花蓟马、小头蓟马Microcephalothrips sp;空心莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides花上的花蓟马、西花蓟马及黄胸蓟马及美人蕉Canna indica花上的花蓟马、黄胸蓟马、黄蓟马及茶黄硬蓟马Scirtothrips dorsalis发生进行分析。调查发现蓟马种类分属6属16种,其中花蓟马、黄胸蓟马及黄蓟马是该地主要的蓟马种类。分析发现,金丝桃上花蓟马是优势种,其他几种只是偶尔发生,一年篷上优势种是小头蓟马并且发生量在开花的后期较多,即在整个7月,空心莲子草上蓟马的数量在开花的早期较多,从6月初至7月初,后期减少明显,主要是花蓟马和西花蓟马两种,美人蕉上主要的蓟马种类是黄蓟马和黄胸蓟马,在整个开花期,有3个发生高峰期,分别为7月上中旬,9月中下旬及11月上中旬,并且种群发生量大,最高时达到每花101.60±13.89头。同时花蓟马的数量也较高,最高时每花达12.60±4.35头,因此从上述的分析发现,花蓟马的适宜寄主范围广,除一年篷花上较少外,其他3种植物的花上都较多,这3种植物都可作为花蓟马的虫源地,黄蓟马和黄胸蓟马的主要适宜寄主为美人蕉花,西花蓟马则在空心莲子草上发生较多,而小头蓟马的适宜寄主则是一年篷。  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial distribution of an invasive thrips species Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)     

《Crop Protection》2014

Dispersion of a new invasive thrips species in the United States, chilli thrips Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, was studied on three plant hosts, i.e., cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), peanut (Arachis hypogeal L.) and pepper (Capsicum annum L.) in the greenhouse and under field conditions in Homestead, Florida. In the vertical distribution study, a strong negative relationship was observed between thrips density and height, with the significantly highest mean number of larvae and adults reported on host plants placed at the lowest height (45.7 cm) above ground. The study of horizontal distribution showed that S. dorsalis has weak dispersal potential and aggregates in open areas. During the entire six week study period, thrips were found to move a maximum of 12 m from their reservoir population. During two years (2009–2010 and 2010–2011) of study, a high abundance of thrips population was observed during May–October with the highest mean count during July and August in both years. Flight activity of adults was highest between 10:00and16:00 EST, during peak solar radiation (∼337–653 w/m²). Results from these studies will help growers and extension personnel predict farm-scale distribution of S. dorsalis and efficiently monitor the pest for management before they become a serious problem for the vegetable and ornamental industry in the United States.  相似文献   

钾元素对苜蓿碳水化合物的分配及抗蓟马的影响     

李亚姝  曾文芳  胡桂馨  刘艳君  崔晓宁 《草地学报》2020,28(6):1580-1587

为了探索施钾对苜蓿（Medicago sativa）叶茎根碳水化合物的分配与苜蓿抗蓟马的关系，本试验以紫花苜蓿‘甘农3号’和‘甘农9号’为材料，以牛角花齿蓟马（Odontothrips loti）为研究对象，在网室盆栽条件下，评价不同钾水平下苜蓿的受害程度，并测定了叶茎根中可溶性糖和淀粉含量。结果表明：施钾后，苜蓿的受害指数下降，各器官中的可溶性糖与淀粉含量及其根冠比均升高。随着受害时间的持续，各钾水平下苜蓿叶中可溶性糖含量在受害10 d时最高，茎中可溶性糖含量在受害15 d时最高，根中可溶性糖含量及各器官中淀粉含量均持续增加；可溶性糖的叶茎比在受害10 d时最高，淀粉的叶茎比变化不显著，可溶性糖和淀粉的根冠比均持续升高。施钾提高了苜蓿的碳水化合物含量，并调控其在苜蓿各器官中的合理分配，进而增强了苜蓿对蓟马的耐害性。‘甘农9号’抗性表现较‘甘农3号’好，本试验中最适施钾量为0.6 g·（10 kg）^-1土。  相似文献   

Transmission of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus by Thripstabaci populations originating from leek     

Chatzivassiliou  Nagata  Katis  & Peters 《Plant pathology》1999,48(6):700-706

The transmission of tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) by Thrips tabaci collected from leek was studied using the petunia local-lesion leaf-disc assay. After an acquisition-access period of 72 h given to newborn larvae up to 8 h old, the efficiency of transmission by adults was determined in three inoculation-access periods of 48 h. This efficiency varied for six T. tabaci populations from 0.7 to 11.6% in experiments using the Greek TSWV isolate GR-04. Males were more efficient transmitters than females (19 out of 176 versus five out of 494). Frankliniella occidentalis transmitted the same virus with a higher efficiency (34.8%). The transmission rate differed also among TSWV isolates, as shown in tests with four T. tabaci using two isolates. The virus was more efficiently acquired from infected leaf material of Datura stramonium than from that of Emilia sonchifolia . Plants of the latter species were more susceptible than Nicotiana tabacum in thrips transmission tests.  相似文献   

Insecticide resistance inFrankliniella occidentalis: Corroboration of laboratory assays with field data and cross-resistance in a cypermethrin-resistant strain     

Fatih Dağlı  Irfan Tunç 《Phytoparasitica》2008,36(4):352-359

Field efficacy of five insecticides to a greenhouse strain ofFrankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of known resistance status was studied. In a greenhouse trial, the mortality of aF. occidentalis strain (Uncali) which exhibited resistance only against cypermethrin in laboratory assays, reached 56%, 68%, 82%, 94% and 99%, 24 h after application of abamectin, cypermethrin, endosulfan, malathion and methomyl, respectively. In the laboratory, for larval mortality equal to that achieved in the field, much lower doses — half of the field dose of cypermethrin and endosulfan, and one-third and one-sixth of malathion and methomyl, respectively, were required in topical application. Because of differences between laboratory and field responses ofF. occidentalis to insecticides, a sound resistance evaluation program to determine field efficacy of insecticides is needed. Resistance increased 28.0- and 139.3-fold at LC₅₀ in theF. occidentalis strain subjected to 27 and 44 cycles of cypermethrin selection, respectively. A slight cross-resistance of two- to threefold was found with endosulfan, malathion and methomyl and no cross-resistance was observed with abamectin. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting August 4, 2008.  相似文献   

竹醋液对西方花蓟马的忌避作用     

徐学农  王恩东  岳永德  王进 《植物保护》2008,34(5):128-131

竹醋液是竹炭加工过程中的副产品,为纯天然产品,在农业上有着广泛的应用。本文在室外笼罩环境下研究了竹醋液对豆株上西方花蓟马成虫的忌避作用。结果显示:竹醋液的不同浓度和同一浓度下的不同处理时间,对西方花蓟马成虫的忌避作用有显著差异。浓度增加显著地提高了竹醋液对西方花蓟马成虫的忌避作用,而忌避作用随时间的延长而逐渐降低。质量分数为2.06%和1.03%的竹醋液对西方花蓟马成虫有明显的忌避作用,前者在使用后10d时其忌避显著下降。本文同时探讨了竹醋液在西方花蓟马控制上应用的可能性。  相似文献