水稻籼粳核质核杂种研究初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

祁正汉 《杂交水稻》2004,19(6):1-6

籼质粳核核质杂种配普通籼稻,粳质籼核核质杂种配普通粳稻,以及这两种核质杂种互交F1,称之为核质核杂种.研究表明,核质核杂种既保持了或基本保持了籼粳稻亚种间的杂种优势水平,又克服了籼粳稻亚种间不亲和的问题、植株超高问题和不能正常抽穗等问题.探索了一条亚种间杂种优势利用的新途径.  相似文献   

特优175高产结构分析和配套栽培技术探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苏保  王乌齐 《江西农业大学学报》2001,23(5):98-100

特优175分蘖力中强、穗大粒重、株型理想、高产稳产.经调查分析,其高产结构中,以每穗结实粒数的变异(cv=17.20%)最大,与产量相关最密切(r=0.591 1**,对产量的通径(p=1.035 6)和净贡献率(pr=0.612 1)最大;其次为有效穗(cv=10.40%,p=0.709 5,r=0.184 4,pr=0.130 8);千粒重是品种的稳定性状,对产量的贡献有限.每公顷产量7 500 kg左右的适宜产量结构为:每公顷250万穗,每穗结实120粒、千粒重28 g左右.在保持一定的穗数下,较高的每穗结实粒数是高产栽培的主攻重点.配套栽培技术是:(1)适时播种,培育壮秧;(2)适时移栽,合理密植(每公顷基本苗150～180万);(3)合理调控水肥,每公顷施纯氮150～180 kg,氧化钾120～160 kg,五氧化二磷60～80 kg;(4)综合防治病虫害.  相似文献   

收获期对杂交早稻品质的影响   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

程建峰  潘晓云  刘宜柏 《江西农业学报》2001,13(2):31-35

研究了不同收获期对杂交早稻稻米品质的影响 ,结果表明 :不同收获期处理间稻米的糙米率、精米率、长宽比、垩白指数及直链淀粉含量均无显著差异 ,但胶稠度及蛋白质含量均存在显著差异 ,以抽穗后 35d收获的稻米胶稠度最高 ,以抽穗后 2 5d收获的稻米蛋白质含量最高  相似文献   

灌水量对不同类型晚稻生育及产量影响的初步研究     

周瑞庆  萧光玉 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(Z1)

采取盆栽遮雨人工定量灌水的方法,探讨了常规晚稻和杂交晚稻前后两大生育时期不同灌水量对生育和产量的影响.结果表明:两类型晚稻品种前后两个生育时期节水灌溉都能达到高产之目的,但不同类型和不同生育时期的最佳灌水量和节水效果不同.  相似文献   

Influence of the Indoleacetic Acid-Lysine Synthetase Gene (iaaL) of Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi on Yield Attributes of Potatoes     

M. Fladung 《Plant Breeding》1993,111(3):242-245

The iaaL gene of Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi encodes an indoleacetic acid-lysine synthetase which conjugates free indoleacetic acid (IAA) with lysine. lAA-lys is biologically less active than free IAA. The iaaL coding region was expressed under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter and transgenic potato plants were produced (Spena et al. 1991). 35S iaaL potato plants are characterized by increased internodal length and epinastic bending of older leaves. In three greenhouse experiments with plants grown in pots of different size and in two growth chamber experiments tuber number increased in iaaL transgenic plants compared to untransformed and vector-transformed controls of the same genotype. The increase in tuber numbers observed under controlled conditions was reflected in tuber yield which increased in the pot grown transgenics.  相似文献   

Utilization of Aromatic Rice in Improving Grain Quality of Hybrid Rice   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

ZHOU Kun-lu  LIAO Fu-ming 《杂交水稻》2004,(Z1)

ThesuccessfuldevelopmentandcommercialuseofhybridricehasgreatlyraisedriceyieldlevelinChina .However ,ithasbeenagreatchallengeforbreederstoim provethegrainqualityofhybridricewithoutsacrificeofitsyield ,i.e .,todevelophybridricecombinationswithgoodgrainqualityaswellashighyield .AromaticricelikeBasmatiinIndiaandPakistanandJasmineinThailand ,isfamousforitshighqualityandu niquepleasantflavorofaroma ,soitishighlyfavoredbyriceconsumersaroundtheworld .Itmightbeaneffectiveapproachtoimprovethegrainqual…  相似文献   

硝酸银在水稻农杆菌转化中的作用     

王亚琴  梁承邺 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,31(2)

以籼稻、粳稻两种类型的成熟种子为外植体研究了不同浓度的AgNO3在水稻农杆菌转化中的作用。结果表明，在农杆菌转化前添加AgNO3可以提高愈伤组织诱导率，最适浓度为8～10mg／L，但对愈伤组织的分化没有明显促进作用；转化后添加低浓度的AgNO3可以减轻愈伤组织的褐化，提高抗性愈伤率和绿苗分化率，最适浓度为2-8mg／L。同时发现，无论是转化前还是转化后，添加高浓度的AgNO3对水稻愈伤组织的分化均具有毒害作用。  相似文献   

Genetic Engineering Approaches to Pig Production*     

B. Brenig  G. Brem 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1991,26(1):14-21

Modern biotechnology promises a number of new applications in animal breeding and production. Although conventional pig breeding has achieved a high level of efficiency and productivity numerous problems have been encountered with animal health and the loss of meat quality. Selection based on phenotypic performance data of individual animals does not take into account the importance of specific genes and their relevance within a complex regulatory system. In most cases it is therefore difficult to trace back the genetic origins of clinically important disorders. The application of genetic engineering techniques in pig production will facilitate diagnosis, improvement of productivity, and animal health by allowing direct genetic manipulation. Attention must be focussed on the physical and genetic analysis of the procine genome. The isolation and characterisation of genes, DNA-markers, polymorphic DNA-fragments, and their chromosomal assignment will be important prerequisites and tools for the elucidation of genetic disorders. Especially the detection of heterozygous carriers of recessive disorders and their elimination from the breeding stock will increase selection accuracy and decrease the generation intervals. But also the rapid and simple detection of infectious diseases, which is sometimes difficult if not impossible at present, will improve animal health and welfare. Although the production of transgenic animals either by DNA-microinjection into zygotes or the use of embryonal stem cells manipulated in vitro is less straightforward than DNA-based diagnosis it will play an important role in the direct manipulation of the porcine genome and genes. Breeding programmes including the use of transgenic livestock have already been developed. There is no doubt that genetic engineering has reached a degree of practical feasibility, allowing it to play an important role in pig breeding in particular and animal production in general.  相似文献   

N_(98s)×特青(亚种间杂交稻)抽穗后物质生产及分配特点研究初报     

李之林  吴炎龙  谢利昌  陈英取 《华南农业大学学报》1991,(1)

对N×特青示范田中试区与肥料试验田各处理小区稻株分析结果表明:抽穗后,亚种间杂交稻N×特青比常规稻特青干物质生产能力强,灌浆速度快;地上部各器官占植株干重比例,前者叶片比重大于茎,后者茎比重大于叶。亚种间杂交稻对肥料反应敏感,抽穗后,干物质累积,植株高度,每穗总粒数和粒重均随施肥量增加而增加,在高肥区有利于进一步提高产量,但增施氮肥后,灌浆速度明显滞后。  相似文献   

Analysis on Mineral Element Contents in Associated with Varietal Type in Core Collection of Yunnan Rice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZENG Ya-wen LIU Jia-fu WANG Lu-xiang SHEN Shi-quan LI Zi-chao WANG Xiangkun WEN Guo-song YANG Zhong-yi 《水稻科学》2004,11(1)

Eight-element contents of 653 unpolished rice samples harvested from Xingping experiment farm, Yunnan Province under the same ecological conditions were analyzed by ICP-AES method. The mineral elements content were closely related to low diversity, high-yielding, and multi-resistance breeding; The K, Mg, Ca and Mn content in high-yielding and resistant varieties were high, and other nutrients such as P, Fe, Zn and Cu were low, which was connected with the heredity and physiological mechanism of mineral nutrients. There is zonal distribution of mineral elements content from Yunnan rice, especially for P, Fe, Zn and Cu co-related with the diversity center, paddy versus upland, glutinous and non-glutinous, glume-hair versus nuda, rice color, rice flavor, soft rice versus non-soft rice, but it did not find any association with indica-japonica types. The results supported the ecological variety group view of 5-grade taxonomic system “species-subspecies-ecological groups-ecological variety groups - varietal types“ .  相似文献