Cosmology. The saga of 3He     

Rood RT  Bania TM  Balser DS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,295(5556):804-805

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Host immune system gene targeting by a viral miRNA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stern-Ginossar N  Elefant N  Zimmermann A  Wolf DG  Saleh N  Biton M  Horwitz E  Prokocimer Z  Prichard M  Hahn G  Goldman-Wohl D  Greenfield C  Yagel S  Hengel H  Altuvia Y  Margalit H  Mandelboim O 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5836):376-381

Virally encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been discovered in herpesviruses. However, their biological roles are mostly unknown. We developed an algorithm for the prediction of miRNA targets and applied it to human cytomegalovirus miRNAs, resulting in the identification of the major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B (MICB) gene as a top candidate target of hcmv-miR-UL112. MICB is a stress-induced ligand of the natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NKG2D and is critical for the NK cell killing of virus-infected cells and tumor cells. We show that hcmv-miR-UL112 specifically down-regulates MICB expression during viral infection, leading to decreased binding of NKG2D and reduced killing by NK cells. Our results reveal a miRNA-based immunoevasion mechanism that appears to be exploited by human cytomegalovirus.  相似文献   

Computer science. Cryptologists cook up some hash for new 'bake-off'     

Mackenzie D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5869):1480-1481

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Unpopular opinions need not apply     

Loomis D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5597):1335-1336

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Single-cell genomics reveals organismal interactions in uncultivated marine protists     

Yoon HS  Price DC  Stepanauskas R  Rajah VD  Sieracki ME  Wilson WH  Yang EC  Duffy S  Bhattacharya D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6030):714-717

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Helminthosporium solani Dur. & Mont. development on potato periderm     

Dana Kelly Heiny  Gary A. Mclntyre 《American Journal of Potato Research》1983,60(10):773-789

Development ofHelminthosporium solani Dur. & Mont. on artificially inoculated, excised potato tuber periderm, incubated in darkness and high humidity at 20 to 24°C, was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Spore germination occurred within 16 hours, and appressoria were observed 2 days after inoculation. Penetration of periderm was evident 4 days after inoculation. Conidiophores with young conidia developed on the periderm surface within 7 days of inoculation. Well-developed conidia were visible often by 9 days after inoculation. Rudimentary stromata were observed beneath conidiophore groupings at later stages of development. In histological studies,H. solani hyphae were found in the phellem, phelloderm, and cortex of infected tuber sections. Basal cells of conidiophores or stromata were observed on the surface and in the outer tangential cork cell layers. Several layers of suberized and sometimes collapsed cortical cells were observed beneath disrupted and collapsed, infected periderm. Cavities sometimes formed between periderm and cortex, and callosities were observed on cell walls of some cortical cells beneath infected periderm.  相似文献   

Theodor Hellbrugge: 85 years of age - Ad multos transannos, sanos, fortunatos et beatos     

Halberg F  Cornélissen G  Katinas G  Schwartzkopff O  Johnson D 《Journal of circadian rhythms》2005,3(1):2

We honor Theo Hellbrugge's acclaimed endeavors in the rehabilitation, or rather the prehabilitation of handicapped children. So far, he has focused on obvious handicaps, and we trust that he will include concern for everybody's silent handicaps in the future by screening for abnormal variability inside the physiological range. Therein, we introduce cis- and trans-years, components of transdisciplinary spectra that are novel for biology and also in part for physics. These components have periods, respectively, shorter and longer than the calendar year, with a counterpart in magnetoperiodism. Transyears characterize indices of geomagnetic activity and the solar wind's speed and proton density. They are detected, alone or together with circannuals, in physiology as well as in pathology, as illustrated for sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction, a finding calling for similar studies in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). As transyears can beat with circannuals, and depend on local factors, their systematic mapping in space and time by transdisciplinary chronomics may serve a better understanding of their putative influence upon the circadian system. Longitudinal monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate detects chronome alterations underlying cardiovascular disease risk, such as that of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. The challenge is to intervene in a timely fashion, preferably at birth, an opportunity for pediatricians in Theo Hellbrugge's footsteps.  相似文献