华南沿海5种养殖贝类营养成分的比较分析   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

迟淑艳  周歧存  周健斌  杨奇慧  董晓慧 《水产科学》2007,26(2):79-83

对华南沿海养殖的方斑东风螺、近江牡蛎、波纹巴非蛤、管角螺和九孔鲍软体部的常规营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素含量进行了比较研究。结果表明:小规格东风螺[平均体重(6.62±0.23)g]的粗蛋白质含量高于大规格东风螺[平均体重(29.74±3.26)g]和其他几种贝类;波纹巴非蛤软体部所含氨基酸总量和人体必需氨基酸的总量(未包括色氨酸)最高;呈味氨基酸含量以管角螺最高;方斑东风螺支/芳比和多不饱和脂肪酸含量最高。5种贝类软体部常量元素含量差异不大,微量元素含量差异较大。  相似文献   

小麦蛋白粉替代鱼粉对大黄鱼幼鱼生长、血清生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王萍  娄宇栋  冯建  何娇娇  竺俊全  周歧存 《水产学报》2018,42(5):733-743

为研究小麦蛋白粉替代大黄鱼幼鱼饲料中的鱼粉对其生长性能、体成分、血清生化指标及肝脏抗氧化能力的影响,实验以小麦蛋白粉替代基础饲料中0%(FM组为对照组)、25%(WGM25组)、50%(WGM50组)、75%(WGM75组)和100%(WGM100组)的鱼粉,配制成5种等氮(蛋白质水平为45%)等脂(脂肪水平为10%)的饲料。结果显示,大黄鱼幼鱼各处理组的存活率(SR)和饲料系数(FCR)差异不显著;增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)各替代组显著高于对照组;各处理组的肝体比(HSI)、脏体比(VSI)和肥满度(CF)差异不显著。全鱼粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分和灰分的含量差异不显著;肌肉粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分含量差异不显著;肌肉灰分含量WGM50、WGM75组和FM、WGM25、WGM100组差异显著。各处理组大黄鱼血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)的含量均无显著性差异。肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,WGM25和WGM100组显著低于FM、WGM50和WGM75组;丙二醛(MDA)的活性,WGM50组显著高于FM、WGM25和WGM100组;过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性,各组间差异不显著;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)的活性,WGM100组显著高于其他组。研究表明,在该实验条件下,小麦蛋白粉替代饲料(含40%鱼粉)中100%的鱼粉不会影响大黄鱼幼鱼的生长。  相似文献   

酵母水解物对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、肠道形态和血清非特异性免疫酶活性的影响     

熊家  袁野  陆游  马红娜  周歧存  梁超  宋宏斌  邹青 《动物营养学报》2017,29(11)

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加不同水平酵母水解物对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、肠道形态和血清非特异性免疫酶活性的影响。选择初始体重为(0.41±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾幼虾640尾,随机分为4组(每组4个重复,每个重复40尾),酵母水解物的添加水平分别为0(对照组)、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%,共配制出4种等氮(42%粗蛋白质)等脂(8%粗脂肪)的试验饲料。进行为期8周的养殖试验。结果表明:1)各添加组的成活率、增重率和特定生长率与对照组相比,差异不显著(P0.05)。1.0%添加组增重率和特定生长率显著高于2.0%添加组(P0.05),而饲料系数显著低于2.0%添加组(P0.05)。1.0%添加组肝体比显著高于对照组(P0.05),各组肥满度没有显著性差异(P0.05)。2)饲料中添加不同水平酵母水解物对全虾以及肌肉的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量无显著性影响(P0.05)。3)酵母水解物对肠道的皱襞宽度、微绒毛高度和上皮细胞高度影响不显著(P0.05)。而2.0%添加组的肠道皱襞高度显著高于0.5%添加组(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,添加1.0%的酵母水解物显著提高了血清酚氧化酶(PO)和溶菌酶(LZM)活性(P0.05),且一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性也在1.0%添加组达最大值。综上所述,在饲料中添加1.0%的酵母水解物能提高凡纳滨对虾的血清非特异性免疫酶活性,同时对生长性能和肠道形态健康不会产生负面影响。  相似文献   

动植物蛋白源替代鱼粉研究进展   总被引：42，自引：5，他引：37  

周歧存 《水产学报》2005,29(3):404-410

With the fast development of aquaculture, fish meal needs increased in recent years, however the quantity of fish catching decreases gradually. Fishmeal is a limited feed resource, and serious concem exists on the future availability of this feedstuff for incorporation in fish diets. Undoubtedly, fish meal is well recognized as the best dietary protein source for most marine carnivorous fishes which required high dietary protein levels compared to omnivorous or herbivorous fish. Fishmeal is known for their high content of essential amino acids and fatty acids, low carbohydrates, high digestibility, low levels of anti-nutritional factors (for fresh fish meal) and is a very good source of minerals and is highly palatable. Thus fish meal is in high demand as the protein source for many formulated diets. However, production of fish meal consumes approximately 35 % of the total global fish catch, and the increasing price and potentially unstable supply in the market could be limiting factors for marine fish culture. There have been strong efforts to define and develop cost-effective protein sources that can, at least partly, substitute for expensive high-quality fish meals in least-cost feed formulations. The search for fish meal substitutes and altemative dietary protein sources is an international research priority that could be of considerable economic advantages. Therefore it is urgent task to find animal and plant protein sources in place of fish meal. Among these, plant feedstuffs have received most attention in recent years, but due to their amino acid unbalances, .presence of anti-nutritional factors and low palatability, a high level of replacement of fish meal with plant feedstuffs in omnivorous fish is generally not well accepted. This paper reviews the research status for other protein sources replacing fish meal based on available information in the literature. Animal and plant protein sources nutrient values are evaluated from the aspect of digestibility, antinutrients, physiological status and suitable supplementation.  相似文献   

饲料磷脂对已交配和未交配三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育、组织学和卵黄蛋白原表达的影响     

丁立云  付辉云  侯迎梅  霍雅雯  孙蓬  金敏  周歧存 《水产学报》2019,(3)

为探讨饲料磷脂对已交配和未交配雌性三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育、组织学结构和卵黄蛋白原基因表达的影响,本研究采用2×2双因子随机区组设计(日粮类型:0%和4%大豆卵磷脂;三疣梭子蟹交配处理:已交配和未交配),共4个处理组,以大豆卵磷脂0%和4%两种人工配合饲料分别投喂交配和未交配两组三疣梭子蟹雌蟹,进行了为期12周的饲养实验。结果显示,无论三疣梭子蟹是否交配,饲料中添加4%大豆卵磷脂可显著增加三疣梭子蟹的卵巢指数,提高血清中卵黄蛋白原、孕酮和雌二醇的浓度,增大卵母细胞直径;同时上调肝胰腺卵黄蛋白原mRNA相对表达量,但无显著性差异,肝胰腺指数呈现出和卵巢指数相反的趋势;交配后的三疣梭子蟹卵巢指数、肝胰腺卵黄蛋白原mRNA表达量显著高于未交配组。组织学观察显示,交配使得三疣梭子蟹卵母细胞沉积更丰富的卵黄颗粒,促进卵母细胞成熟,交配处理对肝胰腺指数和血清中卵黄蛋白原及孕酮的水平无显著性影响。此外,饲料磷脂水平和交配处理的交互作用显著影响了三疣梭子蟹血清中类固醇激素孕酮和雌二醇的浓度。本实验结果表明,饲料中大豆磷脂和交配处理均能促进雌性三疣梭子蟹的卵巢发育,交配处理对卵母细胞成熟的促进作用更为明显。  相似文献