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Effect of transferring lignocellulose-degrading bacteria from termite to rumen fluid of sheep on in vitro gas production,fermentation parameters,microbial populations and enzyme activity 下载免费PDF全文
Ayoub AZIZI Afrooz SHARIFI Hasan FAZAELI Arash AZARFAR Arjan JONKER Ali KIANI 《农业科学学报》2020,19(5):1323-1331
The digestive tract of termite(Microcerotermes diversus) contains a variety of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria with exocellulases enzyme activity, not found in the rumen, which could potentially improve fiber degradation in the rumen. The objectives of the current study were to determine the effect of inoculation of rumen fluid(RF) with three species of bacteria isolated from termite digestive tract, Bacillus licheniformis, Ochrobactrum intermedium, and Microbacterium paludicola, on in vitro gas production(IVGP), fermentation parameters, nutrient disappearance, microbial populations, and hydrolytic enzyme activities with fibrous wheat straw(WS) and date leaf(DL) as incubation substrate. Inoculation of RF with either of three termite bacteria increased(P0.05) ammonia-N concentration compared with the control group(free of termite gut bacteria). Termite bacteria inoculation had no effect(P0.05) on gas production characteristics, dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber disappearance, pH, and concentration and composition of volatile fatty acids. Population of proteolytic bacteria and protozoa, but not cellulolytic bacteria, were increased(P0.05) when RF was inoculated with termite bacteria with both WS and DL substrates. Inoculation of RF with termite bacteria increased protease activity, while activities of carboxymethyl-cellulase, microcrystalline-cellulase, α-amylase and filter paper degrading activity remained unchanged(P0.05). Overall, the results of this study indicated that transferring lignocellulose-degrading bacteria, isolated from digestive tract of termite, to rumen liquid increased protozoa and proteolytic bacteria population and consequently increased protease activity and ammonia-N concentration in vitro, however, no effect on fermentation and fiber degradation parameters were detected. These results suggest that the termite bacteria might be rapidly lysed by the rumen microbes before beneficial effects on the rumen fermentation process could occur. 相似文献
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Y R el-Baghdady E S Fattouh K I el-Ekhnawy M M Ayoub L H Bedeir 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(6):577-581
A study was conducted on 40 buffalo-cows, assigned randomly, immediately after calving into three groups: group I (n = 10) injected with saline and taken as control; group II (n = 15) received 25 mg PGF2 alpha/animal (Lutalyse); group III (n = 15) received 25 mg PGF2 alpha + 25 i.u. oxytocin/animal (Syntocinon), single i.m. dose. Oxytocin and/or PGF2 alpha significantly (P less than 0.01) shortened the interval from calving to first service (38.33 and 31.53 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 91.60 days for controls). The treatment reduced the service period (38.29 and 35.87 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 45.40 days for controls). Concomitantly a significant (P less than 0.01) decrease in the open-days post partum was achieved (76.62 and 67.40 days for groups II and III respectively, versus 137.00 days for controls). In addition, the treated buffaloes needed significantly (P less than 0.01) fewer services per conception (1.67 and 1.20 S/C for groups II and III respectively) than the untreated ones (2.70 S/C), besides a substantial improvement (P less than 0.01) in their conception rate either at 60 or 85 days post partum. Significantly improved (P less than 0.05) results were obtained in the oxytocin and PGF2 alpha treated animals, than in those receiving PGF2 alpha alone for all the previous parameters, except for the service period. Buffaloes therefore seemed to respond better to such treatment than dairy cows. 相似文献
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Okab AB Ayoub MA Samara EM Abdoun KA Al-Haidary AA Koriem AA Hassan AA 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1623-1629
Twenty-five intact Barki lambs with mean body weight of 24.81 ± 0.16?kg were used to investigate the effect of including in the diet sugar beet pulp (SBP) treated biologically with Trichoderma reesei or chemically with urea 4 % on nutrients digestibility, growth performance, nitrogen (N) utilization, and hematological and biochemical parameters. Two experiments were conducted. In the growth experiment, five lambs were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments. Lambs were offered isonitrogenous and isoenergetic concentrate feed mixture containing on dry matter basis 0 % SBP (D0), 50 % SBP (D1), 50 % SBP treated with 4 % urea (D2), 50 % SBP treated with T. reesei (D3), and 25 % SPB treated with 4 % urea plus 25 % SPB treated with T. reesei (D4). In the metabolism experiment, five rams were used in a 5?×?5 Latin square design and housed in metabolism crates for 21?days. The present study showed that inclusion of SBP at the level of 50 % (D1) negatively affected diet digestibility coefficients of crude protein, crude fiber, and ether extract, in addition to average daily gain, feed conversion, and N utilization. However, treatment of SBP with urea (D2), T. reesei (D3), or the combination (D4) of both had improved (P?0.05) these parameters with superiority of D3. Despite the significant differences in the tested hematological and biochemical parameters of lambs fed on biologically or chemically treated SBP diets, their levels remained within the physiological ranges which could indicate that treated SBP did not have any adverse effect on lambs' health. 相似文献
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Effects of esmolol on systemic hemodynamics and heart rate variability measured using the Analgesia/Nociception Index in resuscitated piglets with Pseudomonas aeruginosa septic shock 下载免费PDF全文
Emmanuel Boselli MD PhD Matthias Jacquet‐Lagrèze MD Jean‐Yves Ayoub DVM Lionel Bouvet MD PhD Olivier Dauwalder PharmD PhD Christelle Mansour DVM Thomas Margez Eng Christian Paquet Eng Damien Restagno MSc Bernard Allaouchiche MD PhD Jeanne‐Marie Bonnet‐Garin DVM PhD Stéphane Junot DVM PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2018,28(5):447-456
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Helmy M. Youssef Martin Mascher Mohammad A. Ayoub Nils Stein Benjamin Kilian Thorsten Schnurbusch 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2017,64(5):843-853
Many-grained mutants occurring spontaneously among their less well-endowed field mates may have appeared to early farmers as fortunate twists of fate foreboding wealth and abundance. In domesticated barley, the number of kernel rows in spike can be tripled by recessive mutant alleles at the Six-rowed spike 1 (vrs1) locus that abolish the suppression of lateral spikelet fertility. In another barley row-type, so called intermedium-spike (int), lateral floret size is often intermediate between six-and two-rowed types. Phenotypic and sequence analyses of our intermedium-spike collection revealed that other genes can increase the size of florets and even stimulate occasional grain setting in lateral spikelets. Here, we show that a complete six-rowed phenotype occurs in a diverse panel of intermedium-spike barley carrying wildtype Vrs1 in the presence of the Int-c.a allele of the intermedium spike-c (int-c) gene, previously considered only as a modifier of lateral spikelet fertility. Int-c.a-type alleles had arisen before domestication and are associated with the enlargement of lateral florets in wild barley, suggesting that natural selection/evolution acts towards reduced lateral floret size. Since Int-c.a cannot overcome the suppression of lateral florets in the genomic background of wild barleys, we infer the existence of other gene loci, at which novel alleles or allelic combinations were selected for after domestication, to increase grain number of barley independently of Vrs1. 相似文献
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Mohammad Wali Salari Patrick Obia Ongom Rima Thapa Henry T. Nguyen Tri D. Vuong Katy Martin Rainey 《Plant Breeding》2021,140(1):110-122
The meal value of Soybean for monogastric animals is determined partly by sucrose, raffinose and stachyose. Of these, sucrose is desirable, while raffinose and stachyose are indigestible, causing flatulence and abdominal discomfort. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose in a set of 140 SoyNAM (Nested Association Mapping) recombinant inbred lines (RILs), developed from the cross between lines IA3023 and LD02‐4485. A total of 3,038 SNP markers from the Illumina SoyNAM BeadChip SNP were used to map the QTLs for sucrose and the RFOs, raffinose, and stachyose. Significant genotypic differences (p < .001) among RILs were observed for sucrose, raffinose and stachyose contents across years. A 3038 Illumina SoyNAM BeadChip SNPs identified three QTLs for sucrose, one on chromosome 1, explaining 10% variance and two on chromosome 3 each explaining 22%. Raffinose QTL was detected on chromosome 6, explaining 6% variance. The mapped QTLs were novel and spanned regions harbouring candidate genes with roles in plant growth including seed development. 相似文献