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Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from finishing swine and the environment of 60 Alberta swine farms 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Rajić A McFall ME Deckert AE Reid-Smith R Manninen K Poppe C Dewey CE McEwen SA 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,104(3-4):189-196
The study objective was to describe and evaluate antimicrobial resistance profiles in Salmonella isolated from Alberta swine finishing farms. Salmonella isolates (n = 322) were obtained from 192 fecal and 84 environmental samples of the 60 Salmonella-positive swine finishing farms. Isolates were classified susceptible, intermediate or resistant based on NCCLS guidelines. More than half of the isolates (53.4%) were susceptible to all of the 18 antimicrobials in the testing panel. No resistance was observed to amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem or nalidixic acid. Less than 1% of isolates were resistant to apramycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Higher frequencies of resistance were observed for chloramphenicol (4.7%), ampicillin (7.8%), kanamycin (11.8%), sulfamethoxazole (21.1%), streptomycin (25.5%) and tetracycline (38.8%). Eleven Salmonella serovars had isolates with resistance to > or =3 antimicrobials. The most frequently resistant serovar was Salmonella Derby, with 27 (38.0%) isolates resistant to > or =3 antimicrobials, including resistance to five and six antimicrobials. An absence of resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquniolones and a low proportion of isolates resistant to amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, apramycin, gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole are encouraging findings from public health and animal health perspectives. Frequent resistance observed for ampicillin, kanamycin, sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin and tetracycline, antimicrobials commonly used in veterinary medicine for decades, indicates an urgent need to utilize these antimicrobials more prudently if their benefits are to be preserved. 相似文献
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Kazal K. Ghosh Nicol Janecko Agnes Agunos Anne Deckert Richard J. Reid-Smith Sheryl Gow Joseph E. Rubin 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2021,62(6):608
Antimicrobial resistance surveillance targeting agricultural animals is practiced in many countries but does not often include media selective for cephalosporin resistance. Here, we compared the frequency of recovery of resistant Escherichia coli using selective and non-selective media from the cecal contents of 116 chickens collected by the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS). Third generation cephalosporin resistance was detected in 24 samples including 12, 10, and 2 on selective, non-selective, and both media, respectively. Isolates producing the CTX-M-1 ESBL were grown from 11 samples, 10 on selective medium only. Our results suggest that current surveillance approaches underestimate the true prevalence of resistance to critically important antimicrobials. 相似文献
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Rajic A Keenliside J McFall ME Deckert AE Muckle AC O'Connor BP Manninen K Dewey CE McEwen SA 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,105(1):47-56
The aim of this study was to determine the farm prevalence of Salmonella in 90 Alberta finishing swine farms over a 5-month period, to evaluate Salmonella distribution in the farm environment and to describe Salmonella serovar diversity on these farms. Ten veterinary practitioners selected 90 Alberta swine farms based on an annual production of > or =2000 market pigs per farm and the willingness of the producers to participate in the study. Between May and September 2000, twenty samples were collected from finishing swine and the environment of each farm. The annual production of selected farms represented approximately 25% of the market swine production in Alberta. Participating farms were geographically representative of major swine production areas in Alberta. Sixty (66.7%) farms had at least one Salmonella-positive sample, with confidence interval (CI) of 57.1-77.2%. Salmonella were detected in 14.3% of fecal and 20.1% of environmental samples. The number of Salmonella-positive samples per farm ranged from 1 to 19. Among environmental samples, Salmonella were most frequently recovered from boots (38.6%) and the main drain (31.8%). Twenty-two serovars were detected on the 60 Salmonella-positive farms. Serovars Typhimurium (78 isolates), Derby (71 isolates) and Infantis (47 isolates) were the most common. A single serovar was detected on 58 farms, while 2, 3 and >3 serovars were detected on 15, 10 and 7 farms, respectively. The Salmonella farm status changed frequently over the 5-month period indicating the dynamic nature of Salmonella infections on these farms. 相似文献
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Antimicrobial susceptibility of hazard analysis critical control point Escherichia coli isolates from federally inspected beef processing plants in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Ontario 
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下载免费PDF全文 Van Donkersgoed J Manninen K Potter A McEwen S Bohaychuk V Klashinsky S Deckert A Irwin R 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2003,44(9):723-728
A survey to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli was conducted in 7 Canadian federally inspected processing plants during 2001. Escherichia coli isolates were recovered during routine hazard analysis critical control point sampling from beef carcasses and trim and subsequently tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility by using susceptibility panels. Of the 2653 isolates analyzed, 68% were sensitive to all 18 antimicrobials tested. For 14 of the 18 antimicrobials evaluated, the percentage of resistant isolates was < or = 1. Twenty-five percent of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 9% to sulfamethoxazole, 7% to streptomycin, and 3% to ampicillin. Multiple resistance was found in 12% of the isolates, with 7% showing resistance to 2 antimicrobials, 2% to 3 antimicrobials, 2% to 4 antimicrobials, and 1% to 5 or more antimicrobials. Forty-five different antimicrobial resistance patterns were observed. The reasons for the development of the antimicrobial resistance were not investigated in this study. This study was useful as a pilot to help to develop a national antimicrobial resistance surveillance program in Canada. This study indicates that laboratory standardization is possible for consistent results across the country and that the indicator organism, E. coli, is fairly easy to obtain for surveillance but Salmonella are not, due to their low prevalence in beef. 相似文献
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Kang S Ayers JE Dewolf ED Geiser DM Kuldau G Moorman GW Mullins E Uddin W Correll JC Deckert G Lee YH Lee YW Martin FN Subbarao K 《Phytopathology》2002,92(3):232-236
ABSTRACT A better understanding of the phenotypic and genetic diversity of significant agricultural pathogens and how their populations change in the field is critical for designing successful, long-term disease management strategies. Although efforts to determine the genetic diversity of plant pathogens have substantially increased in recent years, mainly due to the availability of various molecular tools, complementary efforts to archive and integrate the resulting data have been very limited. As a consequence, it is often difficult to compare the available data from various laboratories because the data have been generated by diverse tools, often preventing any direct comparisons, and are saved in a format that is unsuitable for comparative studies. The establishment of an internet-based database that cross-links the digitized genotypic and phenotypic information of individual pathogens at both the species and population levels may allow us to effectively address these problems by coordinating the generation of data and its subsequent archiving. We discuss the needs, benefits, and potential structure of such a database. 相似文献
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Comparison of antimicrobial resistance in generic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. cultured from identical fecal samples in finishing swine 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Csaba Varga Andrijana Raji&#x; Margaret E. McFall Richard J. Reid-Smith Anne E. Deckert David L. Pearl Brent P. Avery Sylvia L. Checkley Scott A. McEwen 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(2):181-187
The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations between antimicrobial resistance patterns in generic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolates recovered from identical pen pooled fecal samples, and to evaluate potential clustering of multiple isolates of these organisms within identical fecal samples. Up to 5 generic E. coli (n = 922 isolates) and Salmonella spp. (n = 922 isolates) isolates were obtained from each of 188 pen pooled fecal samples that had been collected from 45 finishing swine farms in Alberta in 2000, and tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobials. No isolates of either organism were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones, which in Canada are considered antimicrobials of very high importance to human health. Approximately twice as many generic E. coli isolates as Salmonella spp. isolates were resistant to at least 1 antimicrobial. In addition, E. coli isolates showed more multidrug-resistance patterns. No significant association was observed between the resistance phenotypes of Salmonella spp. and E. coli at the fecal sample level. More clustering at the sample level was observed for proportions of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella spp. isolates than E. coli indicating that in future studies it might be sufficient to test fewer than 5 Salmonella spp. isolates per sample. 相似文献
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An evaluation of vulvomucosal injections of prostaglandins for induction of parturition in swine 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Friendship RM Templeton CL Deckert AE 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1990,31(6):433-436
Two trials were performed to evaluate the efficacy of prostaglandins administered via the vulvomucosal route at one-half the recommended dosage in comparison to prostaglandins injected intramuscularly (IM) at the standard dosage. In trial 1, sows on three commercial swine farms were given prostaglandin F2α at a dosage of 10 mg IM (n = 110) or 5 mg prostaglandin F2α using a vulvomucosal injection (n = 94). The numbers of sows farrowing within 36 h postinjection were 92 (84%) and 83 (88%), respectively. In trial 2, sows on four commercial swine operations were induced to farrow by means of one of three treatments: cloprostenol 175 μg IM (n = 71); cloprostenol 87.5 μg vulvomucosally (n = 57); or prostaglandin F2α 5 mg vulvomucosally (n = 96). The numbers of sows farrowing within 36 h postinduction were 69 (97%), 53 (93%), and 91 (94%), respectively.
Vulvomucosal injections of prostaglandin F2α and cloprostenol at one-half the dosage appeared to be as effective as intramuscular injections of prostaglandin F2α and cloprostenol at the recommended level. There were fewer sows demonstrating restless behavior following the injection of lower dosages of prostaglandin F2α vulvomucosally, compared to sows given the recommended dosage of prostaglandin F2α IM.
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