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Ongör H Cetinkaya B Açik MN Karahan M Bulut H 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2004,51(1):43-45
The present study was carried out to investigate the presence of Chlamydophila abortus, the causative agent of ovine enzootic abortion, in milk samples collected from sheep flocks with and without the history of abortion in Eastern Turkey by means of immunomagnetic separation (IMS) in conjunction with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total number of 201 milk samples collected from 10 flocks with abortion and four flocks without abortion were tested. In the analysis of the milk samples by IMS-PCR, correct amplification was obtained with three (1.5%) samples originating from one flock with abortion. In the digestion of PCR positive products by AluI, restriction profiles observed in all three samples were determined to be the same as C. abortus S26/3. 相似文献
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Dagdas YF Yoshino K Dagdas G Ryder LS Bielska E Steinberg G Talbot NJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6088):1590-1595
To cause rice blast disease, the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae develops a pressurized dome-shaped cell called an appressorium, which physically ruptures the leaf cuticle to gain entry to plant tissue. Here, we report that a toroidal F-actin network assembles in the appressorium by means of four septin guanosine triphosphatases, which polymerize into a dynamic, hetero-oligomeric ring. Septins scaffold F-actin, via the ezrin-radixin-moesin protein Tea1, and phosphatidylinositide interactions at the appressorium plasma membrane. The septin ring assembles in a Cdc42- and Chm1-dependent manner and forms a diffusion barrier to localize the inverse-bin-amphiphysin-RVS-domain protein Rvs167 and the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein Las17 at the point of penetration. Septins thereby provide the cortical rigidity and membrane curvature necessary for protrusion of a rigid penetration peg to breach the leaf surface. 相似文献
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Intracellular pH-regulatory mechanisms are acquired by growing mouse oocytes with meiotic competence, and these mechanisms become fully active when the oocytes develop to the germinal vesicle (GV) stage as shown in CF1 and Balb/c strains mice. On the other hand, there is some evidence showing that intracellular pH-regulatory mechanisms are inhibited at the stages of Metaphase I (MI) and II (MII) oocytes in the CF1 strain mouse and hamster. Since it has been shown that the intracellular pH regulatory mechanism can be functionally different among mouse strains (e.g., CF1, Balb/c), the aim of this study was to investigate the activity of HCO3-/Cl- exchanger (anion exchanger, AE), which protects cells against alkalosis during the meiotic maturation process, in the GV oocyte up to the pronuclear (PN) zygote derived from the Balb/c strain mouse. Intracellular pH (pHi) was recorded using a microspectrofluorometric technique during meiotic maturation stages. KSOM-based solutions were used as culture and recording solutions. AE activity was determined using a Cl- removal assay and was reported as the change in pHi per minute. AE activity was high in GV stage oocytes but was significantly inhibited at the MI and MII stages. AE activity was higher in the PN zygote stage. This activity was significantly inhibited in all oocyte and zygote stages by 4,4'-Diisocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt. After alkalosis induction, the pHi of MI and MII stage oocytes did not completely recover; however, almost complete recovery occurred in the GV stage oocytes and PN zygotes. These results suggest that AE is inhibited during the meiotic maturation process in the Balb/c strain mouse. 相似文献
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Ozen A Kalin R Yerlikaya H Seker I Cetinkaya B 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2004,31(3):281-288
A significant portion of the problems faced by veterinarians is related to communication. These problems are intensely experienced between veterinary practitioners and animal owners; yet no lectures or courses aiming to improve professional skills are available in the curriculum of veterinary schools in Turkey. In this study, all students currently enrolled at, and 1992 and 1998 graduates of, the Veterinary School of Firat University (VSFU), Turkey, were surveyed to evaluate the attitudes of veterinary students and graduates toward technical and professional skills. Data were collected from 581 students and 61 recent graduates via personal interviews with students and questionnaires mailed to graduates; information was obtained about participants' technical and professional skills. The overall response rate was 85%. The results show that learning about technical and professional skills is highly valued; competence and comfort in skill sets are associated with comfort in establishing communication with instructors. Positive correlations were also noted between feeling comfortable with and feeling competent in both skill sets. In conclusion, it appears to be essential to introduce courses addressing improvement of professional skills to the curriculum of veterinary schools in Turkey, given that a successful veterinarian profile requires feeling competent in and comfortable with both technical and professional skills. 相似文献
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Cetinkaya B Ongör H Karahan M Kalender H Lorenzon S Thiaucourt F 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(9):254-258
Blood samples collected from 945 cattle at four local abattoirs in Turkey were examined for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) by the complement fixation test (CFT) and competitive ELISA (cELISA). In addition, the carcases of the animals were examined macroscopically at the abattoirs and 62 lung samples which had lesions suggestive of CBPP were collected for bacteriological culture. To identify suspicious isolates the PCR was used in addition to the routine biochemical tests. By the CFT, two of the 945 serum samples were seropositive, and by the cELISA, four of them were seropositive. In the bacteriological culture of the lungs, growth was observed in 18 (29 per cent) of the samples by the observation of turbidity in the broths. However, when these broths were inoculated into an agar base, growth was observed in only three (4.8 per cent) samples. These isolates were identified as Mycoplasma species on the basis of biochemical tests. In the PCR analysis of DNA extracted from the broths, none of the isolates was identified as Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony or one of the members of the M mycoides cluster, but amplification was obtained in only eight (44.4 per cent) of 18 samples, using Mycoplasma-genus specific primers. These DNA samples were examined further with primers specific to 16S rRNA and were then sequenced and compared with the databanks; DNA homologies at different levels were observed in five samples, with Mycoplasma alkalescens, Mycoplasma canadense, Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma bovigenitalium. 相似文献
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Vural G Baca AU Gauci CG Bagci O Gicik Y Lightowlers MW 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,154(3-4):347-350
Investigations into the genetic strains of Echinococcus granulosus parasites occurring in sheep and cattle in Turkey were undertaken. A total of 112 hydatid cysts were investigated from sheep (100 isolates) derived from widely distributed sites within Turkey as well as from cattle (12 isolates) from the Turkish province of Kars. The parasite genotypes in these isolates were determined by DNA sequencing of part of the mitochondrial Cytochrome C oxidase 1 (cox1) gene. Haplotypes were identified which corresponded clearly to the previously described strain G1 in a total of 107 isolates, including 98 isolates from sheep and 9 isolates from cattle. Five isolates, including 2 sheep and 3 cattle, were determined to belong to the G3 genotype. Parasites of the G3 genotype were identified only in isolates derived from animals in the eastern regions of Turkey. While the majority of the isolates described here had haplotypes corresponding to the G1 genotype, none matched exactly the G1 sequence that was defined in previous studies. Analysis of all GenBank entries for E. granulosus cox1 sequences representing G1, G2 and G3 genotypes identified substantial microsequence variability. G1 and G3 could be distinguished as separate strains, however, the existence of G2 as a separate strain could not be supported. Rather, this can be regarded as a microsequence variation of G3. 相似文献
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A series of experiments at 25 (+/-1) degrees C were conducted in which different application rates of diatomaceous earth (DE) formulation Protect-It at two levels of relative humidity, 40 and 55%, and at three exposure periods were evaluated for control of Rhyzopertha dominica (F). Test insects were placed in vials containing 40 g of soft winter wheat mixed with 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 g DE kg(-1). At all rates except 0.25 g kg(-1), mortality was significantly different from that in the control at the relevant exposure period. After each exposure interval, dead and live insects were counted and removed, and the vial containing wheat was then returned to the appropriate humidity chamber for 8 weeks until F(1) adults emerged. F(1) progeny production was significantly different from the control group at all rates. Mortalities for 1, 2 and 3 weeks exposure were found to be 47 (+/-5)%. Despite the fact that mortality increased with increasing rate, total mortality was not achieved even at the highest rate of DE. F(1) progeny production decreased with increasing rate for both RH conditions, and containment of population for both RH conditions was achieved at 1.00 g DE kg(-1). For each exposure period, F(1) progeny production of R dominica decreased with increasing rate of DE, and population suppression was achieved at 1.00 g DE kg(-1) for all exposure intervals. In summary, Protect-It resulted in reduced F(1) adult progeny and containment of population was achieved at 1.00 g DE kg(-1) at which rate mortality was 77%. 相似文献
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Erdogan HM Cetinkaya B Green LE Green LE Cripps PJ Morgan KL 《The Veterinary record》2001,149(10):289-293
The prevalence, incidence and clinical signs of listeriosis in dairy cattle in England were investigated by means of a postal questionnaire survey of 1500 dairy farmers. The response rate was 64.1 per cent. Overall the farm prevalence of listeriosis was 11.7 per cent, 9.3 per cent for milking cows, 5.0 per cent for replacement heifers and 1.4 per cent for dairy calves. The within-herd incidence rate per thousand animal-years was 51.4 for all cases, 39.7 for milking cows, 86.6 for replacement heifers and 73.7 for dairy calves. Most cases of clinical listeriosis were reported between December and May, and the most common signs were silage eye, followed by nervous signs. The results of the questionnaire were validated internally by re-estimating the farm prevalence by including only those cases diagnosed by a veterinarian or veterinary investigation centre; the prevalence did not change significantly. The proportion of cases which were culled or died of encephalitic listeriosis was compared with the proportion diagnosed during statutory BSE reporting. The fact that the two proportions were similar provided external validation for the results of the questionnaire. 相似文献
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