Clinical course of renal adenocarcinoma associated with hypercupraemia in a horse     

R A Owen  S Haywood  D F Kelly 《The Veterinary record》1986,119(12):291-294

A four-year-old shire mare with haematuria, colic, terminal weight loss and an abdominal mass had a large unilateral renal adenocarcinoma. Clinical signs were monitored for 11 months. Increased serum copper concentrations were measured on two occasions. Hypercupraemia is discussed as a possible paraneoplastic change.  相似文献   

Indirect measurement of blood pressure as a guide to the efficacy of fluid therapy in equine shock: A case report     

B.W. Parry BVSc  PhD  B.A. Christie BVSc  MACVSc  C.C. Gay DVM  MVSc  FACVSc  R.N. Haywood BVSc   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1983,3(1):24-27

A case of acute circulatory failure in a horse is described. The response to intravenous fluid therapy was monitored by measurement of heart and respiratory rates, and arterial and central venous pressures. Heart rate was an unreliable guide to improved circulatory status. Central venous pressure and indirect arterial blood pressure were valuable guides to the efficacy of fluid therapy.  相似文献   

Tree/wood quality in slash pine following long-term cattle grazing     

B. E. Cutter  K. Hunt  J. D. Haywood 《Agroforestry Systems》1998,44(2-3):305-312

Tree height, diameter, and grade were measured on 14 cattle grazing trial plots located on the Palustris Experimental Forest in Louisiana's Kisatchie National Forest. These plots had been established in the early 1960s. Mensurational data was gathered on 28 trees from grazed sites and another 28 from ungrazed plots. Increment cores were also taken from these trees. Statistical analyses showed no effect attributable to grazing on any of the variables measured: tree height, tree diameter at breast height, tree grade, growth rate, amount of latewood, unextracted specific gravity, or tracheid length. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Soil-Seed Bank Survival in Forests of the Southern United States     

James S. Meadows  Frank T. Bonner  James D. Haywood 《New Forests》2006,32(3):335-345

We evaluated the longevity of seeds of 12 common woody species buried in fresh condition in the forest floor at three forest locations in Mississippi and Louisiana. Seed samples of each species were retrieved annually for 5 years from each location. Germination and tetrazolium chloride staining tests were conducted on the samples to determine germinative capacity. When averaged across all species, seeds remained viable longer at the Alexandria, Louisiana site than at the two sites in Mississippi. Seeds of the 12 species varied widely in their response to burial. Some species, such as American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana L.), muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.), and sugarberry (Celtis laevigata Willd.), had relatively high germinative capacities (from 33 to 60 percent, depending on species) even after burial in the forest floor for 5 years, whereas other species, such as flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) and yaupon (Ilex vomitoria Ait.), had very low germinative capacities (less than 6 percent) by the end of the first year after burial. Species were classified into five groups based on their similarity of response.  相似文献   

Response of slash pine planted on mounds in central and southwestern Louisiana     

James D. Haywood 《New Forests》1987,1(4):291-300

On two silt loam flatwoods in Louisiana, use of mounds as planting sites for slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) was shown to be more effective than planting without mounds (untreated control) after six growing seasons in the field. Mounds formed were of two sizes: low mounds made of 550 dm³ of soil and high mounds made of 1,000 dm³ of soil. One site was in central Louisiana and had two drainage classes: a somewhat poorly drained Caddo-Messer complex and a poorly drained Caddo soil. On both drainage classes, pine survival was not affected by treatment, but the incidence of fusiform rust galls on the main stem (caused by Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme Burdsall and Snow) was greater on trees planted on mounds. The second site was a poorly drained Caddo soil in southwestern Louisiana. At this site, there were fewer surviving pines on controls than on mounds, but the incidence of rust galls was not affected by treatment. At both sites, pines were taller and had a greater mean diameter at breast height on mounds than on controls. Mound size did not influence tree size at either site.  相似文献   

Prescribed burning and hexazinone herbicide as release treatments in a sapling hardwood-loblolly pine stand     

James D. Haywood 《New Forests》1995,10(1):39-53

To compare release treatments, a randomized complete block study was established in a 7-year-old hardwood-loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stand in central Louisiana established using chopping and burning. There were 5 blocks of 3 treatments each: (1) check, (2) hexazinone applied once, and (3) prescribed backfiring applied twice. The first burn in December 1985 (7 years after site preparation) had a fire intensity of 90 kJ/s/m. The hexazinone herbicide was applied in April 1986 (the 8th year after site preparation) with a metered spotgun applicator at a rate of 3.0 kg active ingredient/ha. The second burn in March 1989 (the 11th year after site preparation) had a fire intensity of 106 kJ/s/m.The two prescribed burns increased the number of stems less than 1.5 m tall from 1,380 to 2,960/ha red maple (Acer rubrum L.), blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica var. bifora), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.). Burning reduced the number of loblolly pines less than 2.0 m tall, which resulted in a significant increase in average loblolly pine height and diameter. Loblolly pine comprised 62 and 59% of the basal area on the check and burn treatments, respectively, 11 years after site preparation. Hexazinone reduced the number of blackgum, sweetgum, and oak (Quercus spp.) from 6,100 to 4,560 stems/ha and resulted in significantly less hardwood tree basal area than found on the check or burn treatments. Therefore, the herbicide treatment resulted in principally a loblolly pine stand (over 80% of the total tree basal area was pine) four years after hexazinone application.  相似文献   

Food production and food security     

Williams JM  Roger PA  Haywood S 《The Veterinary record》2008,162(25):830-831

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Tropospheric Aerosol Climate Forcing in Clear-Sky Satellite Observations over the Oceans     

Haywood JM  Ramaswamy V  Soden BJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5406):1299-1303

Tropospheric aerosols affect the radiative forcing of Earth's climate, but their variable concentrations complicate an understanding of their global influence. Model-based estimates of aerosol distributions helped reveal spatial patterns indicative of the presence of tropospheric aerosols in the satellite-observed clear-sky solar radiation budget over the world's oceans. The results show that, although geographical signatures due to both natural and anthropogenic aerosols are manifest in the satellite observations, the naturally occurring sea-salt is the leading aerosol contributor to the global-mean clear-sky radiation balance over oceans.  相似文献   

Influence of herbicides and felling,fertilization, and prescribed fire on longleaf pine growth and understory vegetation through ten growing seasons and the outcome of an ensuing wildfire     

James D. Haywood 《New Forests》2011,41(1):55-73

Restoring longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) over much of its original range requires artificial regeneration. In central Louisiana, USA, two fertilization levels—No (NF) or Yes (F-36 kg/ha N and 40 kg/ha P) in combination with three vegetation treatments—Check, four prescribed fires (PF), or multi-year vegetation control by herbicidal and mechanical means (IVM) were applied to container-grown longleaf pine plantings in a grass savanna. After 10 years, P concentration in longleaf pine foliage was less on NF plots than F plots, but fertilization did not significantly affect tree stature. Survival was greater on NF plots than F plots, and so, NF plots were more productive (NF—63 m³/ha and F—45 m³/ha). Pine trees on IVM plots (37 dm³/tree) were significantly larger than on Check and PF plots, which averaged 17 dm³/tree. Survival was better on IVM plots (88%) than PF plots (78%), which was better than Checks (58%). Consequently, IVM plots were most productive (99 m³/ha), followed by PF plots (44 m³/ha), and lastly Checks (28 m³/ha). PF plots had greater grass cover (38%) than Check and IVM plots, which averaged 5%, whereas PF and IVM plots had less understory arborescent cover (an average of 25%) than Checks (91%). A wildfire in March 2007 reduced pine survival by 22, 14, and 1 percentage points on IVM, Check, and PF plots, respectively. Seven months later, longleaf pine production had decreased to 92 m³/ha on IVM plots while increasing to 55 m³/ha on PF plots and 30 m³/ha on Checks. Overall, the wildfire rejuvenated the herbaceous plant community. Grass cover on Check and IVM plots averaged 20% while grass cover on PF plots was 36%. Forb cover increased on all treatments from 2% before the wildfire to 13% seven months after the wildfire. Understory arborescent cover decreased on Checks to 62% but increased slightly on PF and IVM plots and averaged 30%.  相似文献   

Chronic hepatitis: a retrospective study in 34 dogs.          下载免费PDF全文

C Fuentealba  S Guest  S Haywood    B Horney 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1997,38(6):365-373

The aims of this study were to characterize the histological changes observed in 34 accessioned cases of canine chronic hepatitis and to correlate these changes with the clinical pathological data. Cases of chronic hepatitis were subdivided into 6 categories: chronic active hepatitis (10/34), chronic persistent hepatitis (7/32), chronic cholestatic hepatitis (6/34), fibrosing hepatitis with cirrhosis (3/34), chronic cholangiohepatitis (3/34), and miscellaneous secondary hepatitis (5/34). Iron accumulation was a consistent finding in all livers examined. Although all cases of chronic hepatitis had elevated liver enzymes, no correlation was detected between biochemical parameters and the severity of morphologic changes. Similarly, no correlation was detected between rhodanine staining for copper and morphologic or biochemical indicators of cholestasis. However, presence of copper correlated well with reticulo-fibrosis (r = 0.8) and bile duct hyperplasia, suggesting that changes in the hemodynamics of the hepatic acini due to fibrosis could influence storage of copper.  相似文献