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The literature on rootstock effects (on scions) in conifers was reviewed, specifically: graft success, compatibility, size, reproduction, phenology, crown and needle characters, mineral contents, organic compounds, water relations, disease resistance and wood properties. Scions usually had higher graft success and less incompatibility on more closely related rootstocks although there were exceptions. Even intergeneric grafts have succeeded on occasion. Although there were marked rootstock effects on growth and reproduction, the effects did not follow a pattern with increasing relationship. It is also likely that some crown characters and the nutrient content of scions can be manipulated by the use of rootstocks. For many characters, a specific rootstock may give a desired result only for a limited number of scion types (species, cultivars or clones). With some exceptions, the review shows that the subject has not been comprehensively studied. Many of the studies were either short-term, inadequately replicated, or poorly designed to allow firm conclusions about rootstock effects. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms, which cause the changes seen in morphology, are not well understood. Further research and more comprehensive study of rootstock effects on scion biology are recommended. 相似文献
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Elizabeth M. Hardie DVM PhD Judith Jayawickrama MStat Lisa C. Duff DVM Karen M. Becker DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1995,5(1):42-49
Canine high-risk surgical patients were identified, and the variables that distinguished between survivors and nonsurvivors were determined. Fifty-two nonsurvivors and 176 survivors were randomly drawn from a population of 615 dogs undergoing general surgical procedures and entering the intensive care unit. Forty-two variables were examined to determine which variables were significantly different between nonsurvivors and survivors. Properative variables that were significantly different were age, hospital days prior to surgery, the number of concurrent diseases, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status, PCV, TP, platelet count, albumin concentration, alkaline phosphatase activity, bilirubin concentration, and surgery site (laparotomy = highest risk). Age, PCV, TP, platelet count, albumin concentration, alkaline phosphatase activity, and bilirubin concentration were then examined, using stepwise logistic regression for their ability to predict mortality in a separate population of 169 canine patients undergoing laparotomy. Age, TP, and platelet count were identified as predictive variables. 相似文献
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The phenology of 5- and 6-year old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees was studied over two different growing seasons (1993 and 94) in southwest Georgia. These trees were from 7–9 open-pollinated families from each of four different provenances planted at two locations. The provenances were: Atlantic Coastal Plain (eastern SC), Gulf Hammock (north FL), Lower Gulf (south AL, MS) and Upper Gulf (north AL, MS). Provenances did not vary as to when height growth started in spring, but showed very significant differences for the date of growth cessation in fall. The Gulf Hammock source grew the most and also had the longest height growth period, while the Upper Gulf source was first to stop height growth and had the least annual height increment. Provenances were also significantly different for the date of cessation of diameter growth (a difference of 22 days between Gulf Hammock and Upper Gulf), and the order of cessation was the same as for height. Families within provenances were significantly different for date of cessation of height growth and diameter growth. When family means were considered across provenances, there was a correlation of 0.69 (p-value = 0.0001) between annual height increment and date of height growth cessation. There was a weaker association between faster growth and a longer growing season within provenances. 相似文献
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