Screening of Human CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 Inhibitors from Seaweed In Silico and In Vitro     

Sung-Kun Yim  Kian Kim  SangHo Chun  TaeHawn Oh  WooHuk Jung  KyooJin Jung  Chul-Ho Yun 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Phenolic compounds and carotenoids are potential inhibitors of cytochrome P450s. Sixteen known compounds, phenolic compounds and carotenoids from seaweed were examined for potential inhibitory capacity against CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in silico and in vitro. Morin, quercetin, and fucoxanthin inhibited the enzyme activity of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. The IC₅₀ values of morin, quercetin, and fucoxanthin were 41.8, 22.5, and 30.3 μM for CYP1A2 and 86.6, 16.1, and 24.4 μM for CYP3A4, respectively. Siphonaxanthin and hesperidin did not show any significant effect on CYP1A2, but they slightly inhibited CYP3A4 activity at high concentrations. In silico modeling of CYP’s binding site revealed that the potential inhibitors bound in the cavity located above the distal surface of the heme prosthetic group through the 2a or 2f channel of CYPs. This study presents an approach for quickly predicting CYP inhibitory activity and shows the potential interactions of compounds and CYPs through in silico modeling.  相似文献   

Limit of colour vision in dim light in larvae of the giant freshwater prawn <Emphasis Type="Italic">Macrobrachium rosenbergii</Emphasis>     

Gunzo Kawamura  Teodora Uy Bagarinao  Annita Seok Kian Yong  Aishah Binti Faisal  Leong-Seng Lim 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(2):365-371

Colour vision depends on sufficient ambient light and becomes ineffective at a particular low light intensity. It is not known how decapod crustaceans see colour in dim light. In the present study we investigated the colour vision threshold in larvae of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a tank under natural illumination. Plastic beads of different colours (blue, red, yellow and white) in various combinations were suspended in the tank. The larvae swam straight toward the beads and gathered around them. The number of larvae was highest on the blue and white beads. The luminance in the tank was then gradually decreased by covering it with different numbers of layers of black cloth, and the response of the larvae to the beads was video-recorded under infrared illumination. The preference for blue and white beads remained manifest as the luminance was reduced from 418 to 0.07 cd/m², but not at 0.02 cd/m², indicating a colour vision threshold between 0.07 and 0.02 cd/m². The larvae have apposition compound eyes with large optical parameters, comparable to those of apposition eyes of nocturnal insects, which presumably capture more light and show enhanced sensitivity, enabling the larvae to see colour in dim light.  相似文献   

Allometric comparison of the length of the sixth segment in postlarvae and juveniles of the giant freshwater prawn <Emphasis Type="Italic">Macrobrachium rosenbergii</Emphasis>     

Gunzo Kawamura  Annita Seok Kian Yong  Chiau Yu Chen  Leong Seng Lim 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(2):257-260

  相似文献   

Why do Farmers Prefer Oil Palm? Lessons Learnt from Bungo District,Indonesia     

Laurène?FeintrenieEmail author  Wan?Kian?Chong  Patrice?Levang 《Small-Scale Forestry》2010,9(3):379-396

Indonesia has been the world’s largest producer and exporter of palm oil since 2008. This paper discussed the livelihood impacts of oil palm development in Indonesia, based on lessons learnt from Bungo district, in the province of Jambi. The various community-company partnerships that structure the sector are reviewed and the difficulties raised by the joint ventures schemes are discussed. The merits and drawbacks of oil palm as a smallholder crop are then analysed, based on household socio-economic surveys conducted in 2007–2010. The main causes of conflicts between oil palm companies and communities are unclear land tenure, and a recurrent lack of leadership in smallholders’ cooperatives. Under fair partnerships between smallholders and companies, oil palm could become a smallholder friendly crop. The land-use profitability analysis demonstrates the high returns that can be generated by oil palm independent smallholdings, making it highly competitive with rubber, and much more profitable than rice production.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary nucleotides on growth,survival and metabolic response in whiteleg shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei against ammonia stress condition     

Annita Seok Kian Yong  Wai Yee Mok  Mohammad Lal Mohamad Tamrin  Rossita Shapawi  Yang‐Su Kim 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(6):2252-2260

This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of nucleotides on growth of whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and the survival and metabolic responses to ammonia stress test. Experimental diets were as follows: low fish meal diet (LFMD), and four LFMD test diets, each supplemented with 0.1% guanosine monophosphate (GMP), 0.1% inosine monophosphate (IMP), 0.1% mixture of GMP and IMP and 0.1% mixture of GMP, IMP, uridine monophosphate (UMP) and cytidine monophosphate (CMP). The shrimp specimens (initial body weight: 0.99 ± 0.01 g) were randomly allocated into five groups and fed four times daily for 8‐weeks. After the trial, final body weight was recorded and haemolymph was withdrawn for haematological analysis. The shrimp was then challenged with 70 mg/L ammonia (LC50) for 10 days. Survival and haemolymph of the shrimp were taken after exposure to ammonia. The highest growth performance was observed in the shrimp fed diet supplemented with GMP (p < .05), while survival was not influenced by the test diets in the feeding trial. In the ammonia challenge test, the highest survival was observed in the shrimp fed GMP supplemented diet compared to others. The plasma protein, glucose and cholesterol levels increased in all the treatments while triglycerides level decreased post challenge. Cortisol level recovered at day 10th after the challenge. Shrimps fed with nucleotides diets showed higher protein and glucose level compared to control groups post challenge. In general, nucleotides supplemented in the diet enhanced growth, improved stress resistance while modulating the haemolymph metabolites in L. vannamei under ammonia stress.  相似文献   

Growth performance and survival of giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae fed coloured feed          下载免费PDF全文

Annita Seok Kian Yong  Gunzo Kawamura  Leong‐Seng Lim  Pei Xuan Gwee 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(8):2815-2821

This study examined the behavioural response on the preference and acceptance, growth performance and survival of Marcobrachium rosenbergi larvae fed with isonitrogenous and isolipidic yellow (YCF) and blue (BCF) coloured feed. In the behavioural response test, single and paired feed drop test of YCF and BCF were introduced at the middle of a tank about 15–20 cm from the edge of the white colour tank wall to larvae zoea IV–VI. The number of larvae attracted to each coloured feed was recorded. For the growth and survival performance, each coloured feed was fed to triplicate groups of larvae (zoea V–VI) at stocking density of 30 larvae/L in 12 ppt brackish water for 28 days until they reached postlarval (PL) stage. In the behavioural test, the number of larvae that attracted and accepted the BCF was significantly higher than those fed YCF (p < 0.05). The body weight and length of PL fed BCF was 28% and 5.6% bigger than those fed YCF respectively. However, the survival of the PL was almost similar in both treatments. This study shows that the freshwater prawn larvae were attracted more to the BCF and able to detect and capture the preferred BCF by vision and this contributed to higher growth of the larvae.  相似文献   

Touch-sensitive bristles on the carapace of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain may be receptors for courtship signals     

Kawamura  Gunzo  Bagarinao  Teodora Uy  Loke  Chi Keong  Au  Hsein-Loong  Yong  Annita Seok Kian  Lim  Leong-Seng 《Fisheries Science》2021,87(1):65-70

Fisheries Science - Bristle patches on the carapace behind the eyes were found for the first time in both males and females of the four species of mud crab Scylla spp. Electrocardiography revealed...  相似文献   

The implications of homozygous vip3Aa20- and cry1Ab-maize on Spodoptera frugiperda control     

Eghrari  Kian  Oliveira  Serena Capriogli  Nascimento  Amanda Maria  Queiroz  Bruna  Fatoretto  Julio  de Souza  Bruno Henrique Sardinha  Fernandes  Odair Aparecido  M&#;ro  Gustavo Vitti 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(1):115-127

Journal of Pest Science - Historically, Bt maize hybrids have been produced with the Bt alleles in a hemizygous state. Homozygous Bt transgenes increase the expression of Bt proteins in plants;...  相似文献   

Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Virus Entry by the Crude Polysaccharides of Seaweeds and Abalone Viscera In Vitro     

Sung-Kun Yim  Kian Kim  Inhee Kim  SangHo Chun  TaeHwan Oh  Jin-Ung Kim  Jungwon Kim  WooHuk Jung  Hosang Moon  Bosung Ku  Kyoojin Jung 《Marine drugs》2021,19(4)

Much attention is being devoted to the potential of marine sulfated polysaccharides as antiviral agents in preventing COVID-19. In this study, sulfated fucoidan and crude polysaccharides, extracted from six seaweed species (Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll, Laminaria japonica, Hizikia fusiforme, Sargassum horneri, Codium fragile, Porphyra tenera) and Haliotis discus hannai (abalone viscera), were screened for their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus entry. Most of them showed significant antiviral activities at an IC50 of 12~289 μg/mL against SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in HEK293/ACE2, except for P. tenera (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL). The crude polysaccharide of S. horneri showed the strongest antiviral activity, with an IC50 of 12 μg/mL, to prevent COVID-19 entry, and abalone viscera and H. fusiforme could also inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection with an IC50 of 33 μg/mL and 47 μg/mL, respectively. The common properties of these crude polysaccharides, which have strong antiviral activity, are high molecular weight (>800 kDa), high total carbohydrate (62.7~99.1%), high fucose content (37.3~66.2%), and highly branched polysaccharides. These results indicated that the crude polysaccharides from seaweeds and abalone viscera can effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 entry.  相似文献   

Assessment of Compost Extract on Yield and Phytochemical Contents of Pak Choi (Brassica rapa cv. chinensis) Grown under Different Fertilizer Strategies     

Abd Rahman Jabir Mohd Din  Kian Kai Cheng  Mohamad Roji Sarmidi 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(3):274-284

An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different extraction of compost extracts on pak choi (Brassica rapa cv. chinensis) under two fertilizer regimes. Aerated compost extract (ACE) and non-aerated compost extract (NCE) were prepared and all treatments (ACE + organic fertilizer, NCE + organic fertilizer, ACE + inorganic fertilizer, NCE + inorganic fertilizer) were conducted in randomized block design. Soil microbiological analysis after treatment was done. Plants grown with ACE + inorganic fertilizers yielded maximum in fresh, dry weight, and N mineral content compared to others. Plants receiving NCE + organic fertilizers produced a higher phenolic content, whereas antioxidant capacity was observed maximum at NCE + inorganic fertilizers. Soil microbiological analysis significantly increased in yeast and nitrogen fixing bacteria count at ACE + organic fertilizers. The co-application of inorganic fertilizers and compost extract had a significant effect on vegetative growth, quality of the pak choi, and soil fertility.  相似文献