排序方式： 共有12条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
G. Immanuel T. Citarasu V. Sivaram M. Michael Babu A. Palavesam 《Aquaculture International》2007,15(2):137-152
One of the major problems in the shrimp culture industry is the difficulty in producing high-quality shrimp larvae. In larviculture,
quality feeds containing a high content of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) and ingredients that stimulate stress and
disease resistance are essential to produce healthy shrimp larvae. In the present study, Penaeus monodon postlarvae (PL15) were fed for 25 days on an unenriched Artemia diet (control; A) or on a diet of Artemia enriched with either HUFA-rich liver oil of the trash fish Odonus niger (B), probionts [Lactobacillus acidophilus (C1) or yeast-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (C2)] or biomedicinal herbal products (D) that have anti-stress, growth-promoting and anti-microbial characteristics. P. monodon postlarvae fed unenriched Artemia exhibited the lowest weight gain (227.9 ± 8.30 mg) and specific growth rate (9.95 ± 0.05%), while those fed the HUFA-enriched
Artemia (B) exhibited the highest weight gain and specific growth rate (362.34 ± 12.56 mg and 11.77 ± 0.08%, respectively). At the
end of the 25-day rearing experiment, the shrimp postlarvae (PL40) were subjected to a salinity stress study. At both low
and high (0 and 50‰) salinities, the group fed the control diet (A) experienced the highest cumulative mortality indices (CMI)
935.7 ± 2.1 and 1270.7 ± 3.1, respectively. Those fed diet D showed the lowest stress-induced mortality, and CMI were reduced
by 31.1 and 32.3% under conditions of low and high salinity stress, respectively. A 10-day disease challenge test was conducted
with the P. monodon postlarvae (PL40–PL50) by inoculating the shrimp with the pathogen Vibrio harveyi at the rate of 105–107 CFU/ml in all rearing tanks. P. monodon postlarvae fed probiont-encapsulated Artemia diets (C1 and C2) exhibited the highest survival (94.3 and 82.3%, respectively) and lowest pathogen load (V. harveyi) in hepatopancreas (5.2 × 102 ± 9.0 × 10 and 4.6 × 102 ± 9.0 × 10 CFU g−1, respectively) and muscle (2.0 × 102 ± 6 × 10 and 1.7 × 102 ± 8.6 × 10 CFU g−1, respectively) tissues. The shrimp that were fed the unenriched Artemia (Control; A) showed the lowest survival (26.33%) and highest bacterial load in the hepatopancreas (1.0 × 105 ± 5 × 103 CFU g−1) and muscle (3.6 × 104 ± 6 × 102 CFU g−1). The shrimp fed the herbal product (D)-enriched Artemia also exhibited enhanced survival and reduced V. harveyi load in the tissues tested compared to the control diet (A) group. The results are discussed in terms of developing a quality
larval feed to produce healthy shrimp larvae. 相似文献
3.
S. M. J. Punitha M. M. Babu V. Sivaram V. S. Shankar S. A. Dhas T. C. Mahesh G. Immanuel T. Citarasu 《Aquaculture International》2008,16(6):511-523
Herbals such as Cynodon dactylon, Piper longum, Phyllanthus niruri, Tridax procumbens, and Zingiber officinalis were extracted with acetone, benzene, butanol, and petroleum ether and screened against the pathogen Vibrio harveyi isolated from the infected Grouper Epinephalus tauvina. Among the different solvent extractions screening to V. harveyi, petroleum ether extracts were suppressed significantly (P < 0.05). Equal proportions of the all-plant extracts were mixed with the artificial feeds at concentrations of 100, 200,
400, and 800 mg kg−1 of diet and fed to grouper juveniles of 20 ± 2 g average weight for a period of 60 days. Every 20 days, fish juveniles were
challenged with V. harveyi and the immune response was studied. The herbal diets significantly (P < 0.05) increased the survival, growth, and immune responses compared to the control group. The herbal diets were significantly
improved (P < 0.01) in immune parameters such as phagocytic activity and albumin–globulin (A–G) ratio. Among the different concentrations
of the herbals in the diet, the 400 mg kg−1 diet was the most effective in the experiment. 相似文献
4.
Chisholm MF Wang Y Lupini AR Eres G Puretzky AA Brinson B Melechko AV Geohegan DB Cui H Johnson MP Pennycook SJ Lowndes DH Arepalli S Kittrell C Sivaram S Kim M Lavin G Kono J Hauge R Smalley RE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5623):1236; author reply 1236
5.
Jesse Faez Firdaus Abdullah Chung Eric Lim Teik Abba Yusuf Muniandy Kalai Vaani Tan Ahmad Hafizin Ahmad Ramizi Maslamany Dharshini Bitrus Asinamai Athliamai Lila Mohd Azmi Mohd Norsidin Mohd Jefri 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(2):289-295
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Pneumonic pasteurellosis is an economically important infectious disease in the small ruminant industry which causes sudden death and loss for farmers.... 相似文献
6.
Abigail S. Golden Sneha Sivaram Ganzorig Batsaikhan Olaf P. Jensen 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2021,28(4):373-382
Climate change is predicted to cause increasingly frequent and intense storms. Northern Mongolia is already warming at a rate twice the global average, and thunderstorms, defined as intense, short, patchy rains associated with thunder, lightning and high precipitation rates, are becoming more frequent. Because Mongolia's fish populations are lightly exploited, Mongolia provides a model system in which to study the effects of storms on fish behaviour and fishing vulnerability. The impacts of thunderstorm-related hydrological changes on fishes’ vulnerability to two fishing gears were evaluated. Two thunderstorm-related factors, turbidity and river stage, reduced catch rates of the salmonids lenok Brachymystax lenok (Pallas) and Baikal grayling Thymallus baicalensis Dybowski. Fly-fishing gear was more effective than spinning gear in this fishery and retained higher catch rates in extreme conditions. These gear-specific effects suggest that turbidity and rising river stage affect fishing vulnerability by influencing feeding behaviour. 相似文献
7.
Implicit economic values of physical attributes of teak logs (girth, length, straightness and soundness) were estimated using hedonic regression. The influence of spatial and temporal variations on teak wood prices was also estimated. The auction prices of teak wood at various Timber Sales Depots of the Forest Department of Kerala State in India during the period 2006–2010 were used for the study. Traders ascribed over 80 % of variation in teak wood prices to girth, straightness and soundness of logs. A reduction in age at felling of teak plantations in forest areas is proposed. The study also underlines the need to continue tree improvement programs and silvicultural operations for the production of high quality teak wood and thereby increase the profitability of teak plantations. 相似文献
8.
Narasiman Muniandy Daria N. Love T.K.S. Mukkur 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1998,21(4):257-279
Purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Pasteurella multocida type 6:B, while toxic at higher doses, was protective at lower dose levels against experimentally-induced pasteurellosis in mice. However, the observed protection was abrogated if such LPS was digested with proteinase K prior to use in immunisation. The O-antigen polysaccharide side-chain (OS) of LPS did not appear to contribute to the observed protection as judged by the fact that immunisation of mice with purified OS or OS-protein conjugates, all of which were non-toxic, failed to confer protection against challenge with homologous virulent organisms. This was despite generation of significant levels of OS-specific antibodies, predominantly either of the IgM or IgG isotypes, in immunised mice.
Résumé
Le lipopolysaccharide purifié (LPS) de Pasteurella multocida type 6:B, toxique à haute dose, est protecteur à faible dose contre la pasteurellose expérimentale de la souris. Cependant, la protection observée est supprimée si le LPS est soumis à l'action de la protéinase K avant immunisation. L'antigène O polysaccharidique du LPS ne semble pas contribuer à la protection observée si l'on en juge par le fait que l'immunisation des souris à l'aide de l'antigène O purifé ou conjugué avec des protéines -- non toxiques -- ne confère pas de protection contre une épreuve virulente homologue. Ceci en dépit de l'apparition de taux significatif d'anticorps anti O principalement soit du type IgM ou IgG chez la souris. 相似文献
9.
Efficacy of an outer membrane protein of Pasteurella haemolytica A2, A7 or A9-enriched vaccine against intratracheal challenge exposure in sheep 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The outer membrane proteins (OMP) were extracted from the P. haemolytica A2, A7 and A9 to determine their potential as immunogens and their capability for cross-protection. Sixty lambs of approximately 9 months old were divided into four main groups. Animals in Group 1 were vaccinated with 2ml vaccine containing 100microg/ml of the outer membrane proteins of P. haemolytica A2. Animals in Group 2 were similarly vaccinated with the OMPs of P. haemolytica A7 while Group 3 with OMPs of P. haemolytica A9. Animals in Group 4 were unvaccinated control. During the course of the study, serum was collected to evaluate the antibody levels toward each OMP. There appeared to be good immune responses. However, high antibody levels did not necessarily result in good protection of the animals, particularly against cross-infection with P. haemolytica A9 in animals vaccinated with the OMPs of P. haemolytica A2. It seemed that the antibody responses were more specific toward the homologous challenge but generally did not cross-protect against heterologous serotype challenge. However, the OMPs of P. haemolytica A7 produced good in vivo cross-protection and excellent correlations when good antibody responses against all serotypes led to successful reductions of the extent of lung lesions following homologous and heterologous challenge exposures. Thus, the OMPs of P. haemolytica A7 was effective in protecting animals against homologous and heterologous infection by live P. haemolytica A2, A7 and A9. 相似文献
10.
The present study was designed to see the effects of Angiotensin-II (Ang-II) on buffalo sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction (AR), and its relation to nitric oxide (NO()) production. The extent of capacitation or AR was determined by dual staining while the NO() production was determined by spectrophotometry. The results thus obtained revealed that Ang-II induced capacitation in a concentration and time dependent manner and 200 nM Ang-II was found to be optimal for capacitation as it was comparable to heparin treatment (50.7±2.45% vs. 51.66±2.33%). In capacitated cells the extent of AR induced by Ang-II was significantly higher than the untreated control (48.13±2.31% vs. 22.16±2.11%) and comparable to lysophosphatidyl Choline (LPC) treatment (51.56±1.94%). The NO() production during Ang-II induced capacitation and AR was gradual and time dependent. These levels were significantly higher when compared to control (3.65±0.53 nmoles/10(8)cells vs. 9.12±0.30 nmoles/10(8)cells). All the actions of Ang-II were inhibited in the presence of Losartan but not PD123319, indicating the role of AT1 receptors in these actions. Further the NO() production was also significantly inhibited in the presence of neomycin and trifluoperazine pointing towards the role of phosphoinositide pathway in this process. In conclusion, Ang-II has a concentration and time dependent effect on buffalo sperm capacitation and AR, mediated via the AT1 receptors. Its effect on NO() production may be indirect involving the phosphoinositide pathway. 相似文献