Characterization of ovine PrP gene promoter activity in N2a neuroblastoma and ovine foetal brain cell lines   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. T. O'Neill  K. Donnelly  E. Marshall  D. Cairns  W. Goldmann  N. Hunter 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2003,120(2):114-123

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Responses of ponies to equid herpesvirus-1 Iscom vaccination and challenge with virus of the homologous strain     

D. Hannant  D.M. Jessett  T. O'Neill  C.A. Dolby  R.F. Cook  J.A. Mumford 《Research in veterinary science》1993,54(3):299

An experimental (Iscom) vaccine previously shown to protect hamsters from lethal challenge with equid herpesvirus-1 (Ehv-1), was tested in horses. Vaccination with Ehv-1 Iscoms induced serum antibodies to the major virus glycoproteins gp10, 13, 14, 17, 18 and 21/22a, whereas antibody responses to gp2 were weak or absent. High levels of virus neutralising antibody of long duration were induced, but did not prevent challenge infection with virus of the homologous strain. However, in the vaccinated ponies there was a significant reduction in clinical signs, nasal virus excretion and cell associated viraemia compared with age-matched unvaccinated controls. There was a strong correlation between pre-challenge levels of serum virus neutralising antibody and the duration and total amount of virus excreted from the nasopharynx.  相似文献   

Serological responses of specific pathogen-free foals to equine herpesvirus-1: primary and secondary infection, and reactivation.     

J S Gibson  T O'Neill  A Thackray  D Hannant  H J Field 《Veterinary microbiology》1992,32(3-4):199-214

Serum antibody (virus neutralisation, complement fixation, IgM and IgG) responses to equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) infection were measured in six foals which were initially free from EHV-1 and EHV-4 infection and maternally-derived antibodies. Following primary infection, high titres of virus neutralisation and complement fixation antibodies were detectable against EHV-1, however, corresponding antibody levels against EHV-4 were low or inapparent, although the two viruses share a number of cross-reactive epitopes. In addition, following the primary infection with EHV-1, IgM levels increased before those of IgG, virus neutralisation and complement fixation antibodies, peaked sooner and thereafter declined. Stimulation of IgM levels was observed on secondary infection with EHV-1 given 61 days later. In contrast, IgG, virus neutralisation and complement fixation antibodies following primary infection were more sustained and no increase in their levels was observed on secondary infection. No consistent changes in IgM or IgG levels were seen after administration of dexamethasone to reactivate latent virus.  相似文献   

Transmutation and functional representation of heterogeneous landscapes   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Anthony W. King  Alan R. Johnson  Robert V. O'Neill 《Landscape Ecology》1991,5(4):239-253

Models of local small-scale ecological processes can be used to describe related processes at larger spatial scales if the influences of increased scale and heterogeneity are carefully considered. In this paper we consider the changes in the functional representation of an ecological process that can occur as one moves from a local small-scale model to a model of the aggregate expression of that process for a larger spatial extent. We call these changes spatial transmutation. We specifically examine landscape heterogeneity as a cause of transmutation. Spatial transmutation as a consequence of landscape heterogeneity is a source of error in the prediction of aggregate landscape behavior from smaller scale models. However, we also demonstrate a procedure for taking advantage of spatial transmutation to develop appropriately scaled landscape functions. First a mathematical function describing the process of interest as a local function of local variables is defined. The spatial heterogeneity of the local variables is described by their statistical distribution in the landscape. The aggregate landscape expression of the local process is then predicted by calculating the expected value of the local function, explicitly integrating landscape heterogeneity. Monte Carlo simulation is used to repeat the local-to-landscape extrapolation for a variety of landscape patterns. Finally, the extrapolated landscape results are regressed on landscape variables to define response functions that explain a useful fraction of the total variation in landscape behavior. The response functions are hypotheses about the functional representation of the local process at the larger spatial scale.  相似文献   

An enzyme immunoassay to measure canine circulating fibronectin     

O'Neill S  Boothby JT  Feldman BF 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1986,15(1):22-26

A competitive enzyme immunoassay has been used to detect and quantitate fibronectin in canine plasma. In this test, purified fibronectin, bound to microtiter plates, competes with plasma fibronectin for the conjugated antibody, rabbit-anticanine, fibronectin-horseradish peroxidase. The assay could detect fibronectin in purified standards from 58 ng/ml to 580 microgram/ml. The range of 1-100 microgram/ml was linear for plasma samples diluted 1:10, allowing samples with fibronectin concentrations from 10-1000 microgram/ml to be easily measured by this method. The mean normal fibronectin concentration of 132 dogs, by this method, was determined to be 320 +/- 74 microgram/ml.  相似文献   

Scale of heterogeneity of forage production and winter foraging by elk and bison     

L. L. Wallace  M. G. Turner  W. H. Romme  R. V. O'Neill  Yegang Wu 《Landscape Ecology》1995,10(2):75-83

The relationship between fine-scale spatial patterns of forage abundance and the feeding patterns of large ungulates is not well known. We compared these patterns for areas grazed in winter by elk and bison in a sagebrush-grassland landscape in northern Yellowstone National Park. At a fine scale, the spatial distribution of mapped feeding stations in 30 m × 30 m sites was found to be random where there were no large patches devoid of vegetation. In areas similar to the mapped sites, the underlying spatial distribution pattern of biomass was also determined to be random. At a broad scale, forage biomass differed among communities across the northern range but forage quality did not. These results suggest that ungulates are feeding randomly within forage patches (fine scale) but may select feeding sites based upon forage abundance at broader, landscape scales. Contrary to what has been suggested in other systems, ungulates were not overmatching at finer scales.  相似文献   

Prepenetration stages in infection of clematis by Phoma clematidina     

P. van de Graaf †  M. E. Joseph  J. M. Chartier-Hollis  T. M. O'Neill 《Plant pathology》2002,51(3):331-337

A detailed study of conidial germination, germ-tube growth and the formation of infection structures in Phoma clematidina , the causal agent of clematis wilt, is described for two clematis varieties differing in disease resistance. On both the resistant and susceptible varieties, the fungus entered leaves and stems by direct penetration of the cuticle, often, but not always, following the formation of infection structures. More germ tubes per conidium were formed on the susceptible host, but these germ tubes were on average shorter than on the resistant host. Although germ tubes regularly entered the plant via trichomes, stomata were not found to be sites of entry. Following penetration of the cuticle of resistant plants, germ-tube growth was sometimes restricted to the subcuticular region, and halo formation occurred at the sites where penetration was attempted. Subcuticular growth and halo formation were not observed on susceptible plants. These observations may partly explain the resistance of small-flowered clematis varieties to P. clematidina .  相似文献   

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK: an epidemiological study     

D. G. O'Neill  D. C. Brodbelt  A. Keddy  D. B. Church  R. F. Sanchez 《The Journal of small animal practice》2021,62(8):636-645

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The pharmacokinetics of intravenous fenoldopam in healthy,awake cats          下载免费PDF全文

K. E. O'Neill  M. A. Labato  M. H. Court 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2016,39(2):202-204

Fenoldopam is a selective dopamine‐1 receptor agonist that improves diuresis by increasing renal blood flow and perfusion and causing peripheral vasodilation. Fenoldopam has been shown to induce diuresis and be well‐tolerated in healthy cats. It is used clinically in cats with oliguric kidney injury at doses extrapolated from human medicine and canine studies. The pharmacokinetics in healthy beagle dogs has been reported; however, pharmacokinetic data in cats are lacking. The goal of this study was to determine pharmacokinetic data for healthy, awake cats receiving an infusion of fenoldopam. Six healthy, awake, client‐owned cats aged 2–6 years old received a 120‐min constant rate infusion of fenoldopam at 0.8 μg/kg/min followed by a 20‐min washout period. Ascorbate stabilized plasma samples were collected during and after the infusion for the measurement of fenoldopam concentration by HPLC with mass spectrometry detection. This study showed that the geometric mean of the volume of distribution, clearance, and half‐life (198 mL/kg, 46 mL/kg/min, and 3.0 mins) is similar to pharmacokinetic parameters for humans. No adverse events were noted. Fenoldopam at a constant rate infusion of 0.8 μg/kg per min was well tolerated in healthy cats. Based on the results, further evaluation of fenoldopam in cats with kidney disease is recommended.  相似文献   

A survey on the use of rugs in Australian horses     

EG Cox  RJW Bell  RM Greer  LB Jeffcott 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(1-2):9-26

The practice of horse rugging has important implications for horse welfare and performance, but in Australia, rugging practices have not been properly documented. The objective of this study was to obtain an understanding of Australian horse rugging practices. An online survey reviewed the management of 2659 Australian horses over 12 months. Of the reported horses a total of 84.8% were rugged, although most owners (69.5%) indicated that they were unsure whether horses needed to be rugged at all. Rugging was felt by 59.8% of owners to be a requirement for horses in competition. Riding and competition were significantly associated with the use of rugs. Nearly all respondents (89.0%) felt that ‘over-rugging’ was a concern. However, 4.8% of owners would use up to 4 rugs at any one time on their horse and 21.4% of horses were still rugged in temperatures above 20°C in Australia. Many Australian horse owners (42.8%) also believe that horses feel cold if they are not rugged. Anthropomorphism when it comes to rugging horses cannot be justified as the horse has a much wider thermoneutral zone (TNZ) than humans. Australian climate, owner opinions, equestrian discipline and whether a horse is used for riding influence Australian horse rugging practices. However, current practices are based on limited available research and are not necessarily to the benefit of the horse. The major limitation was that the survey likely attracted respondents who are interested in the topic creating a self-selection bias.  相似文献