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Bushra Rashid Ghazanfar Ali Khan Tayyab Husnain Sheikh Riazuddin 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2009,12(3):135-141
We report the field evaluation of second generation of transgenic cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes cry1Ac and cry2A under CaMV 35S promoter. Sixty-five transgenic lines were grown under RCBD design. Transgenic plants exhibited inherent ability to resist
target insect (p < 0.05 and 0.01). Morphological studies showed significant reduction in plant height making them favorable
for breeding. Yield was significantly increased for the transgenic lines. Fiber analysis showed improved gin turn out 40%
for transgenic lines in comparison to 32% for non-transformed lines. Fibre quality of transgenic lines was not affected when
compared with non transgenic lines. Inheritance pattern for transgenic lines suggests the need of further studies to understand
the complex molecular mechanisms for resistance management and biosafety studies to develop new Bt cotton varieties. 相似文献
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A field experiment was conducted for 2 years to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation, nitrogen and plant growth minerals on seed cotton yield, water productivity and yield response factor. The treatment comprises six levels of deficit irrigation (Etc 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6 and 0.5) and four levels of nitrogen (80, 120, 160 and 200 kg N ha−1). These were treatments superimposed with and without plant growth mineral spray. Furrow irrigation treatments were also kept. Cotton variety Ankur-651 Bt was grown during 2006 and 2007 cotton season. Drip irrigation at 1.0 Etc saved 26.9% water and produced 43.1% higher seed cotton yield over conventional furrow irrigation (1.0 Etc). Imposing irrigation deficit of 0.8 Etc caused significant reduction in seed cotton yield to the tune of 9.3% of the maximum yield. Further increase in deficit irrigation from 0.7 Etc to 0.5 Etc significantly decreased seed cotton yield over its subsequent higher irrigation level. Decline in the yield under deficit irrigation was associated with reduction in number of bolls plant−1 and boll weight. Nitrogen at 200 kg ha−1 significantly increased mean seed cotton yield by 36.3% over 80 kg N ha−1. Seed cotton yield tended to increase linearly up to 200 kg N ha−1 with drip Etc 0.8 to drip Etc 1.0. With drip Etc 0.6-0.5, N up to 160 kg ha−1 provided the highest yield, thereafter it had declined. Foliar spray of plant growth mineral (PGM) brought about significant improvement in seed cotton yield by 14.1% over control. The water productivity ranged from 0.331 to 0.491 kg m−3 at different irrigation and N levels. On pooled basis, crop yield response factor of 0.87 was calculated at 20% irrigation deficit. 相似文献
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We focused on key aspects of forest governance for biodiver- sity conservation in implementing new climate change policies. The national forest institutions must be adaptive to identify the existing pitfalls of prior conservation policies to take advantage of new climate change policies. Strengthening roles and technical capacity of national institutions for systematic biodiversity monitoring and carbon stock assessment is required in developing and least developed countries. Community participation needs careful analysis to ensure equitable ac- cess of particular social groups to local decision-making processes and to sustain optional livelihoods. The livelihood options around forest reserves or protected areas must be taken into account to enhance forest-based adaptation. 相似文献
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调查了印度东北部梅加拉亚邦(Meghalaya)3个黄兰种植区(Umdihar,Umsaw和Mawlein)内丛枝菌根真菌和暗隔真菌的侵染。分离和鉴定了丛枝菌根真菌孢子,根据不同黄兰种植区内菌根菌种分布和丰富度评价了菌根菌多样性和寄主选择性。结果表明,丛枝菌根真菌侵染显著高于暗隔真菌。丛枝菌根真菌和暗隔真菌的侵染分别是50.91%～58.95%和1.84%～4.11%。真菌孢子密度在三个种植区内变化较大(p0.05)。在所鉴定的7个属29个菌种中,球囊霉属菌种的丰富度最高。Sorenson系数在0.35-7.0之间。种植区内菌种丰富度在2.0～2.9之间。总的菌种丰富度与总的相对丰富度显著相关(p=0.001)。真菌分布、相对丰富度和主成分分析结果表明,大果球囊霉(Glomus macrocarpum)、Glomus multicaulic、缩不囊霉(G.constrictum)和无梗囊霉是黄兰最偏好的菌种,可能是由于寄主的营养获得和生长较为适当。图6表5参27。 相似文献
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Ghazanfar Ali Hhan Allah Bakhsh Munazza Ghazanfar Shiekh Riazuddin Tayyab Husnain 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2012,38(3):210-217
The present study was conducted to evaluate inheritance pattern of insecticidal gene (Cry1Ab) in F1 and F2 generations derived from six combinations of crosses made between two transgenic lines (CEMB-3 and CEMB-11) and two non transgenic lines (MNH-93 and CIM-482). PCR, southern blot, western dot blot assay and lab biotoxicity assay were used to confirm the gene integration and expression of insecticidal gene in successive generations. The insecticidal gene was stably integrated in the genome of all F1 plants showing the dominant nature of introduced gene (cry1Ab). Furthermore, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, heritability and genetic advance studies of Bt gene were also conducted. Heterosis and heterobeltiosis were estimated for five characters i.e. cotton yield per plant, no. of bolls per plant, boll weight, ginning out turn % age and laboratory bioassay results. The heterosis and heterobeltiosis ranged from??15.19 to 107.07% and 18.58 to 98.79%, respectively for yield per plant; from ?20.34 to 81.36% and ?20.34 to 81.36%, respectively for number of bolls per plant; from -6.96 to 21.38% and ?9.30 to 9.99%, respectively for boll weight; from 13.02 to 26.44% and ?0.52 to 26.17%, respectively for ginning outturn; and from ?8.11 to 36.23% and ?5.56 to 23.68%, respectively for mortality % age of Heliothis larvae in laboratory bioassays. The Broad Sense Heritability and Genetic Advance for insect resistance in Bt versus non-Bt crosses were calculated. Both of these were high in four out of six hybrids. Our data recorded showed that these transgenic lines are an excellent source of germplasm to be used in conventional breeding programme. 相似文献
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Effect of ovsynch versus prostaglandin F2α protocol on estrus response,ovulation rate,timing of ovulation and pregnancy per artificial insemination in Sahiwal cows 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mubbashar Hassan Ali Husnain Muhammad Ilyas Naveed Umair Riaz Nasim Ahmad 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(3):445-450
Sahiwal cow is Bos indicus which is an important dairy breed of tropical and sub‐tropical region. Research on reproduction is rare in this breed. The objectives of the present study were to determine the effect of Ovsynch (OVS) versus prostaglandin F2α (PG) protocol on estrus response and its intensity, ovulation rate, timing of ovulation and pregnancy per artificial insemination (AI) in Sahiwal cows. Experimental cows (n = 80) were of mixed parity, lactating, suckled, ≥120 days postpartum with body condition score 3.08 ± 0.34 and 375‐475 kg of body weight which were randomly assigned to receive either OVS (n = 46) or PG (n =34) protocol. Cows were inseminated twice at 12 and 24 h after second gonadotropin releasing hormone in the OVS group, and 72 and 84 h after administration of prostaglandin F2α in PG group, respectively. The results revealed that estrus response did not differ (P > 0.05) and was 87% in OVS and 78% in PG cows. Ovulation rate did not differ (P > 0.05) and was 50% in both, OVS and PG cows. The pregnancy per AI did not differ (P > 0.05) and was 43% in OVS compared to 31% in PG cows. It is concluded that estrus response, ovulation rate and pregnancy per AI of OVS protocol is the same as PG in Sahiwal cows. 相似文献
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The tree structure and regeneration was studied in the buffer zone area comprising lowland evergreen and semi-evergreen forests in the Namdapha National Park, one of the largest remaining tract of pristine rainforests in the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot in India. The investigations were conducted in the three forest stands, viz. Altingia-mixed species, Shorea-Dipterocarp, and Albizia forests that are most dominant forest types in the lowland areas of the park. A total of 98, 54 and 20 species have been recorded at tree stratrum, while 87, 44 and 15 species at regeneration stratum for three stands, respectively. The cumulative regenerating density (seedlings + saplings) was estimated 17,648, 16,110 and 768 individual ha−1 for respective stands. It was interesting to note that of the total regenerating species, 44–47% species were new to different stands, which mainly comprised middle storey species. Low-dominant and rare species also contributed significantly in the regeneration of the forest stands. The expanding population structure of forest stands indicated higher survival of the mid- and the low-canopy species than the top-canopy species. The data revealed that the future composition of these stands will highly depended on the potential regenerative status of species in each of the stand and such information would be crucial for forest management. Since the park contributed significantly to the regional biodiversity by depicting species assemblages for both wet evergreen and semi-evergreen biomes, such last remnants of rainforest should be integrally protected from anthropogenic disturbances. 相似文献
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Ibrahim Bala Salisu Ahmad Ali Shahid Amina Yaqoob Abdul Qayyum Rao Tayyab Husnain 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(1):305-316
Genetically modified (GM) crops expressing insect resistance and herbicide tolerance provide a novel approach for improved crop production but their advent at the same time presents serious challenges in terms of food safety. Although prevailing scientific proof has suggested that transgenic crops are analogous to their conventional counterparts, their use in human and animal diet gave rise to emotional public discussion. A number of studies had been conducted to evaluate the potential unintended effects of transgenic crops expressing single transgene, but very few studies for those with multiple transgenes. As the crops with single and multiple transgenes could impart different effects on non‐target organisms, thus, risk evaluation of transgenic crops expressing more than one transgene is required to declare their biosafety. The present study was therefore designed to assess the effects of different levels of dietary transgenic cottonseed expressing recombinants proteins produced by Cry1Ac, Cry2A and Cp4epsps genes on haematological indices of growing rabbits. A total of 48 rabbits were assigned to four dietary treatments containing different levels of transgenic cottonseeds (i.e., 0% w/w, 20% w/w, 30% w/w and 40% w/w) with 0% w/w serving as control. Haematological parameters were measured at periodic intervals (0, 45, 90, 135 and 180) days. No significant (p > 0.05) dose‐dependent effects were observed in most of the haematological parameters evaluated. Though, significant differences (p < 0.05) were recorded in the level of MCHC, MCH and HCT in some of experimental male and female rabbits, yet, they were not biologically significant, as all the differences were within the normal reference values. Our study suggested that feeding transgenic cottonseed of up to 40% could not adversely affect rabbit's haematological profile. However, further study needs to be conducted with different cotton genotypes expressing both single and polygenic traits before recommending the utilization of transgenic cottonseed in routine livestock feeding. 相似文献
10.
Song Zhang Han Miao Zichao Song Panna Liu Ye Wang Todd C. Wehner Xingfang Gu Shengping Zhang 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(5):767-774
Firmness of skin is an important quality of processing cucumbers, which is a feature of the palisade epidermis in these types compared to flat epidermis in fresh cucumbers. This study was conducted to map the Pe (palisade epidermis) and analyse the candidate gene. Populations derived from the cross of two inbred lines, NCG122 with fruit flat epidermis and NCG121 with fruit palisade epidermis, were used to identify the inheritance of palisade epidermis and to map the gene involved in its development. The results showed that the palisade epidermis trait is controlled by a single gene, Pe, that is dominant over flat epidermis. Seven simple sequence repeat (SSR) and five insertion deletion (Indel) markers were identified to be linked to the Pe gene. It was mapped to cucumber chromosome 5 (Chr.5) between SSR14611 and Indelpe12 with genetic distances of 0.3 cM and 0.2 cM, respectively. The physical distance of the genomic region harbouring the gene was 227.5 kb with 26 predicted candidate genes. The accuracy of marker‐assisted selection using the molecular markers, Indelpe12 and SSR14611, was 68% and 88%, respectively. 相似文献