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1.
The effects of transportation stress on Japanese quail (Coturnix Coturnix japonica) fed corn‐based diet in comparison with wheat‐based diet supplemented with xylanase and phytase 
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下载免费PDF全文 M. H. Mehraei Hamzekolaei A. K. Zamani Moghaddam S. S. Tohidifar A. Dehghani Samani A. Heydari 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(4):618-622
Harvesting, handling and transporting quails to the slaughterhouses, other farms and laboratories might covertly reduce their welfare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two major sources of energy in poultry nutrition on reducing transportation stress in Japanese quail (Coturnix Coturnix japonica). Male quails (n = 60) were divided into two groups. The first group was fed corn‐based diet, and the second was fed wheat‐based diet supplemented with xylanase and phytase. At the end of the experiment (day 35), quails were subjected to 80 km of transportation. Immediately on arrival and after 24 h, heterophil counts, lymphocyte counts and H:L ratios were measured. On arrival, H counts were lower, L counts were higher, and H:L ratios were lower for corn‐fed group. After 24 h, wheat‐fed group showed lower increment of H counts, greater increment of L counts and also decrement of H:L ratios rather than corn‐fed group which showed increment of H:L ratios. However, these ratios were still lower in corn‐fed group. Results indicate that corn‐based diets can help Japanese quail to better resist transportation stress, although it seems that feeding wheat‐based diets supplemented with xylanase and phytase could have positive effects for coping better with stress after journeys. 相似文献
2.
The Penman–Monteith (FAO-56 PM) equation is suggested as the standard method for estimating evapotranspiration (ET0) by the International Irrigation and Drainage Committee and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). On the other hand, the Hargreaves–Samani (HS) equation is an alternative method compared with the FAO-56 PM equation. In the present study, the original coefficient C of the HS equation is calibrated based on the FAO-56 PM equation for estimating the reference ET0 from 15 meteorological stations in central Iran (about 170,000 km2) under semiarid and arid conditions. After calibration, the new values for C are ranged from 0.0018 to 0.0037. The mean bias error (MBE), the root mean square error (RMSE), and the ratio of average estimations of ET0 (R) values for all stations are ranged from 0.12 to 5.38, ?5.35 to 1.15 mm d?1 and 0.64 to 1.28 for the HS equation and from 0.12 to 2.48, ?2.2 to 0.60 mm d?1, and 1.00 to 1.05 for the calibrated Hargreaves–Samani equation (CHS), respectively. Results indicate that the average RMSE and MBE values are decreased by 40% and 66%, respectively. Relationships for calibrating the C coefficient on the basis of annual average of daily temperature range (ΔT) and wind speed (V) are proposed, calibrated, and validated. Hence, the CHS equation can be used for ET0 estimates with acceptable accuracy instead of the FAO-56 PM method. 相似文献
3.
MEHDI Heydari 《干旱区科学》2019,11(1):43-57
This study aimed to investigate the interaction between regions with different climatic conditions(arid vs. semi-arid) and management(protected vs. unprotected) on the turnover and nestedness of vegetation in relation to physical, chemical and biological properties of soils in the Ilam Province of Iran. In each of the two regions, we sampled 8 sites(4 managed and 4 unmanaged sites) within each of which we established 4 circular plots(1000 m~2) that were used to investigate woody species, while two micro-plots(1 m×1 m) were established in each 1000-m~2 plot to analyze herbaceous species. In each sample unit, we also extracted three soil samples(0–20 cm depth) for measuring soil properties. The results indicated that the interaction between region and conservational management significantly affected the percent of canopy cover of Persian oak(Quercus brantii Linddl), soil respiration, substrate-induced respiration, as well as beta and gamma diversities and turnover of plant species. The percent of oak canopy cover was positively correlated with soil silt, electrical conductivity, available potassium, and alpha diversity, whereas it was negatively correlated with plant turnover. In addition, plant turnover was positively related to available phosphorus, while nestedness of species was positively related to organic carbon and total nitrogen. According to these results, we concluded that physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of limited ecological niche generally influenced plant diversity. Also, this study demonstrated the major contribution of the beta diversity on gamma diversity, especially in semi-arid region, because of the higher heterogeneity of vegetation in this area. 相似文献
4.
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of skid trail slope and traffic levels on soil disturbances at two soil depths
(0–10 and 10–20 cm). The treatments were set at four traffic levels (2, 7, 12 and 20), two slope classes (<20% and >20%) and
two soil depths (0–10 and 10–20 cm). Results show that skidder traffic, longitudinal slope and soil depth have significant
effect on soil bulk density in skid trail. Comparison of average soil bulk density in different traffic levels shows that
there are significant differences in average bulk density between different traffic levels and control (p<0.05). The average bulk densities in different slopes and soil depths are significantly increased with increase in traffic
levels, maximized at 12 passes (p<0.05), but there are no significant differences between 12 and 20 passes. The interaction effects between traffic and soil
depth are significant (F
0.05,3=0.109, p<0.001). For all traffic treatments, there are significant differences in soil moisture content between the two slope classes
and the two depths (p<0.001). However, the interaction effects between traffic levels and slope classes are not significant (p >0.05), although skidder traffic and slope affected soil moisture content. 相似文献
5.
The effect of melanocortin (Mc3 and Mc4) antagonists on serotonin-induced food and water intake of broiler cockerels 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Morteza Zendehdel Farshid Hamidi Vahab Babapour Kasra Mokhtarpouriani Ramin Mazaheri Nezhad Fard 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2012,13(3):229-234
The current study was designed to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular injections of SHU9119 [a nonselective melanocortin receptor (McR) antagonist] and MCL0020 (a selective McR antagonist) on the serotonin-induced eating and drinking responses of broiler cockerels deprived of food for 24 h (FD24). For Experiment 1, the chickens were intracerebroventricularly injected with 2.5, 5, and 10 µg serotonin. In Experiment 2, the chickens received 2 nmol SHU9119 before being injected with 10 µg serotonin. For Experiment 3, the chickens were given 10 µg serotonin after receiving 2 nmol MCL0020, and the level of food and water intake was determined 3 h post-injection. Results of this study showed that serotonin decreased food intake but increased water intake among the FD24 broiler cockerels and that these effects occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of serotonin on food intake was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with SHU9119 and MCL0020. However, the stimulatory effect of serotonin on water intake was not altered by this pretreatment. These results suggest that serotonin hypophagia and hyperdipsia were mediated by different mechanisms in the central nervous system, and that serotonin required downstream activation of McRs to promote hypophagia but not hyperdipsia in the FD24 chickens. 相似文献
6.
Heydari N. Fatemi S. M. R. Mashinchian A. Nadushan R. Musavi Raeisi B. 《International Aquatic Research》2018,10(4):375-390
International Aquatic Research - In the present investigation, we aimed to study diversity and cell abundance of phytoplankton in the southwest of the Caspian Sea. This survey included 4 transects... 相似文献
7.
New morphometric ranges for Bursaphelenchus willibaldi Schönfeld et al. 2006 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) from Iran 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 E. Miraeiz R. Heydari F. Aliramaji E. Pourjam M. Pedram M. R. Atighi 《Forest Pathology》2016,46(1):29-34
Bursaphelenchus willibaldi, associated with trees in two separate locations in forests of northern Iran, are characterized and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The Iranian population of B. willibaldi has a body length of 392–595 μm, stylet length of 12–14 μm, c‐index of 9.0–14.5 and PUS length of 51–82 μm. Males have spicules 15–18 μm long along the arch line. The Iranian population showed morphometric variations compared with the originally described samples. For example, it has a shorter body in females and males, greater c‐index, slightly greater range of V, slightly smaller range of PUS and tail length. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the recovered populations revealed both sequenced isolates forming a clade with one European isolate of the species using Bayesian inference (BI) analysis with full Bayesian posterior probability (BPP). 相似文献
8.
Neil R Smalheiser Vetle I Torvik Amanda Bischoff-Grethe Lauren B Burhans Michael Gabriel Ramin Homayouni Alireza Kashef Maryann E Martone Guy A Perkins Diana L Price Andrew C Talk Ruth West 《Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration》2006,1(1):8
Arrowsmith is a unique computer-assisted strategy designed to assist investigators in detecting biologically-relevant connections between two disparate sets of articles in Medline. This paper describes how an inter-institutional consortium of neuroscientists used the UIC Arrowsmith web interface http://arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu in their daily work and guided the development, refinement and expansion of the system into a suite of tools intended for use by the wider scientific community. 相似文献
9.
Roohparvar R Mehrabi R Van Nistelrooy JG Zwiers LH De Waard MA 《Pest management science》2008,64(7):685-693
BACKGROUND: The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) drug transporter MgMfs1 of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) J Schroeter is a potent multidrug transporter with high capacity to transport strobilurin fungicides in vitro. The data presented in this paper indicate that, in addition to the predominant cause of strobilurin resistance, cytochrome b G143A subsititution, MgMfs1 can play a role in sensitivity of field strains of this pathogen to trifloxystrobin. RESULTS: In a major part of field strains of M. graminicola (collected in the Netherlands in 2004) containing the cytochrome b G143A substitution, the basal level of expression of MgMfs1 was elevated as compared with sensitive strains lacking the G143A substitution. Induction of MgMfs1 expression in wild-type isolates upon treatment with trifloxystrobin at sublethal concentrations proceeded rapidly. Furthermore, in disease control experiments on wheat seedlings, disruption mutants of MgMfs1 displayed an increased sensitivity to trifloxystrobin. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the drug transporter MgMfs1 is a determinant of strobilurin sensitivity of field strains of M. graminicola. 相似文献
10.
Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) can be estimated on basis of pan evaporation data (Epan), whose measurements have the advantage of low cost, simplicity of the measuring equipment, simple data interpretation and application as well as suitability for locations with limited availability of meteorological data. Epan values were converted to ET0 using the pan evaporation coefficient (Kpan). In this study, seven common Kpan equations were evaluated for prediction of ET0 in the growing season (April to October) in arid region of Iran. The Cuenca approach was best suited compared to the standard FAO Penman–Monteith method (FAO-56 PM). 相似文献