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排序方式: 共有366条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Hiroto Miura Takuya Hashimoto Yukiko Kawanishi Hiroki Kawauchi Ryo Inoue Noriaki Shoji Kunihiko Saito Mario Sekiya Yosuke Saito Jumpei Yasuda Chiemi Yonezawa Tetsushiro Endo Hirotaka Kasuya Yutaka Suzuki Yasuo Kobayashi Satoshi Koike 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13601
The rumen microbiota comprises a vast range of bacterial taxa, which may affect the production of high-quality meat in Japanese Black cattle. The aim of this study was to identify core rumen microbiota in rumen fluid samples collected from 74 Japanese Black cattle raised under different dietary conditions using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In the rumen of fattening Japanese Black cattle, 10 bacterial taxa, showing >1% average relative abundance and >95% prevalence, irrespective of the dietary conditions and the fattening periods, were identified as the core rumen bacterial taxa, which accounted for approximately 80% of the rumen microbiota in Japanese Black cattle. Additionally, population dynamics of the core rumen bacterial taxa revealed two distinct patterns: Prevotella spp. and unclassified Bacteroidales decreased in the mid-fattening period, whereas unclassified Clostridiales, unclassified Ruminococcaceae, Ruminococcus spp., and unclassified Christensenellaceae increased during the same period. Therefore, the present study reports the wide distribution of the core rumen bacterial taxa in Japanese Black cattle, and the complementary nature of the population dynamics of these core taxa, which may ensure stable rumen fermentation during the fattening period. 相似文献
3.
Michiru Akamatsu Ryosuke Hirozumi Yuko Cho Yuta Kudo Keiichi Konoki Yasukatsu Oshima Mari Yotsu-Yamashita 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
Saxitoxin and its analogues, paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), are potent and specific voltage-gated sodium channel blockers. These toxins are produced by some species of freshwater cyanobacteria and marine dinoflagellates. We previously identified several biosynthetic intermediates of PSTs, as well as new analogues, from such organisms and proposed the biosynthetic and metabolic pathways of PSTs. In this study, 12β-deoxygonyautoxin 5 (12α-gonyautoxinol 5 = gonyautoxin 5-12(R)-ol) was identified in the freshwater cyanobacterium, Dolichospermum circinale (TA04), and 12β-deoxysaxitoxin (12α-saxitoxinol = saxitoxin-12(R)-ol) was identified in the same cyanobacterium and in the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum (Group IV) (120518KureAC) for the first time from natural sources. The authentic standards of these compounds and 12α-deoxygonyautoxin 5 (12β-gonyautoxinol 5 = gonyautoxin 5-12(S)-ol) were prepared by chemical derivatization from the major PSTs, C1/C2, produced in D. circinale (TA04). These standards were used to identify the deoxy analogues by comparing the retention times and MS/MS spectra using high-resolution LC-MS/MS. Biosynthetic or metabolic pathways for these analogues have also been proposed based on their structures. The identification of these compounds supports the α-oriented stereoselective oxidation at C12 in the biosynthetic pathway towards PSTs. 相似文献
4.
Sung-Je Choi Eun-Jeong Park Hirotoshi Endo Yukihiro Kitade Naotsune Saga 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(4):822-829
ABSTRACT: To investigate inheritance of chloroplasts and mitochondria (organelles) in the marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis , cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) profiles of the two strains, TU-2 and KGJ, as parental gametophytes and 44 hybrid sporophytes (i.e. female of TU-2 and male of KGJ) were examined. A carbamyl phosphate synthase small subunit gene ( carA ) and ribosomal protein S11 gene ( rps11 )-small subunit ribosomal RNA gene ( rns ) spacer region were used as molecular markers for the chloroplast and mitochondrial DNAs, respectively. Thirty-eight of 44 (86.4%) conchocelis colonies showed maternal banding patterns, five (11.4%) colonies showed biparental bands and one (2.2%) colony showed paternal bands in CAPS analyses both with chloroplast and mitochondrial markers. These results suggest that organelles of P. yezoensis are inherited uniparentally from the female parent. 相似文献
5.
Laddawan Krongpong Kunihiko Futami Takayuki Katagiri Makoto Endo Masashi Maita 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1055-1061
Furazolidone, an antibacterial drug that was once widely used in the livestock industry and aquaculture, is now prohibited
in numerous countries. It is difficult to detect residual furazolidone because it is readily metabolized in animal tissues
but, by using and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, its metabolite, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ)
can be detected. Here we describe the validity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit to detect AOZ in Japanese
eel Anguilla japonica tissue. ELISA is capable of detecting AOZ at 1.0 μg/kg in an eel sample with excellent accuracy and precision. Our results
show that ELISA is suitable for regulatory purposes and for studying the fate of AOZ residues in eel treated with furazolidone.
To measure the persistence of AOZ in eel tissues, eels (1.4–6.5g) were immersed in tanks containing 2 and 10 mg furazolidone/L
for 3 h, and then maintained in a tank supplying well water for the next 160 days. The half-lives of AOZ, calculated from
the linear terminal part of the excretion curve, were 25.0 days in muscle and 21.6 days in liver from fish exposed to 2 mg/L
furazolidone. In the eels treated with 10 mg/L furazolidone, by contrast, high levels of AOZ were detected in liver and muscle,
but the half-lives of AOZ were similar to those in fish treated with 2 mg/L furazolidone. The half-lives of AOZ in eel tissues
were prolonged by the condition of low water temperature. 相似文献
6.
When crude enzymes prepared from some vegetables and fruits were incubated with bisphenol A (2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, BPA) at 37 degrees C, BPA was oxidized by crude enzymes from potato, eggplant, and lettuce. The crude enzyme prepared from potato (Solanum tuberosum) had the strongest oxidative activity for BPA. Its optimal temperature and pH were 40-45 degrees C and 8.0, respectively. More than 95% of BPA was oxidized after the incubation with potato enzyme for 60 min. BPA gave two oxidation products besides insoluble compounds during the oxidation by potato enzyme. The oxidation products were identified to be 4[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-benzene-1,2-diol and 4[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-benzene-1,3-diol. Enzymatically oxidized BPA lost the estrogen-like activity to enhance the growth of human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. 相似文献
7.
Takanobu Goto Shusaku Takagi Toshiaki Ichiki Tadashi Sakai Makoto Endo Terutoyo Yoshida Masaharu Ukawa Hisashi Murata 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(1):58-63
SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to investigate the cause of green liver in red sea bream fed substitute protein diets. Red sea bream Pagrus major was given either of the following diets for 28 weeks: (1) control diet (50% fish meal), (2) low level fish meal diet (15% fish meal), and (3) non-fish meal diet (0% fish meal). The green liver was observed in all groups tested, but the incidence was much higher in the experimental diet groups. The feeding of substitute protein diets reduced plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels. However, there was no significant difference in plasma hepatic enzyme activities and plasma bile salts concentration among the treatments. Fish fed the substitute protein diets showed low hepatic taurine levels with an appearance of a biliverdin in the liver. Moreover, the proportion of ditaurobilirubin to total biliary bile pigments was significantly lower in fish fed the substitute protein diets. These data indicate that feeding of substitute protein diets did not induce any cholestatic hepatobiliary obstructions and that the low hepatic taurine level was one of the probable factors responsible for the occurrence of green liver in red sea bream fed substitute protein diets. 相似文献
8.
ABSTRACT: As a possible factor leading to the low recruitment level of sea urchins in kelp forests, the inhibitory effect of 2,4-dibromophenol (DBP) and 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) released from the large perennial brown algae Ecklonia kurome and Eisenia bicyclis on survival and metamorphosis of eight-armed larvae of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus was examined. The percentage of larvae that underwent metamorphosis in filtered sea water after 1 h exposure to one-half dilution of saturated dibromomethane solution (∼60 ppm) as a chemical inducer reached approximately 100% after 1 h, while that in filtered sea water containing 1 ppm TBP was reduced to 73%. This was further reduced to less than 40% in the presence of 10 and 20 ppm TBP after 2 h. In filtered sea water containing 1 and 10 ppm DBP, the proportion of metamorphosed larvae was reduced markedly to 43 and 5% after 2 h, respectively. All larvae exposed to 50 ppm TBP and to 20 and 50 ppm DBP died after 1 h. These findings suggest that DBP is more toxic than TBP for sea urchin larvae, strongly inhibiting their metamorphosis. 相似文献
9.
Yoshikazu Kiriiwa Sunao Osumi Masanobu Endo Akira Nukaya Akio Morita Hiromi Yokota 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(7):1119-1124
Abstract In alkaline soils, plant growth is impaired mainly by high pH and high concentration of bicarbonates. The bicarbonate concentration increases the pH value, and causes deficiency of iron. A bicarbonate-resistant cell line (BR line) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Burley21) was selected by adding excess bicarbonate ions (20 mmol L?1) to the culture medium. The pH of the medium was buffered 8.0 to 8.3. Under these conditions, about 80% of iron in the medium became insoluble. However, under such conditions, the BR line grew well. In this report, we examined some characteristics of the growth and iron uptake in the BR line under iron-deficient (i.e. high pH or no-iron) condition. At pH 5.8, the Fe3+ reduction activity was not significantly different between the non-selected line and the BR line. At pH 8.0, however, the Fe3+ reduction activity of the BR line was higher than that of the non-selected line. In no-iron condition, the growth of the non-selected line was markedly reduced after 2 weeks, while the BR line was not affected. The content of malic acid in both lines increased with the medium pH, and the content in the BR line was higher than that in the non-selected line. The BR line was able to adapt to the conditions, which restricted iron uptake, such as high bicarbonate concentration, high pH, and low iron conditions. The high ability of Fe3+ reduction was maintained at even high pH conditions. Further, the BR line may be able to improve the utilization of iron in the cells. 相似文献
10.