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1.
Motoi Yasumura Takahisa Kamada Yutaka Imura Motoi Uesugi Laurent Daudeville 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(1):69-74
Pseudodynamic (PSD) tests were conducted on two-level timber structures with plywood-sheathed shear walls, which each had
an opening of different configuration, to study the effects of the mechanical properties of the first and second levels on
the earthquake response of the structure. The specimens had two-level conventional post and beam frames that were 3 m wide,
3 m deep, and 6 m high with plywood sheathings nailed on one face of the structure. The first and second levels had different
opening configurations of window, door, or slit. Lateral forces were applied at the top of the first and second levels, calculating
step by step the next displacement based on the North-South (NS) components of the 1940 El Centro earthquake. The test results
were compared with those of the time-history earthquake response analysis using the lumped mass model and hysteresis model
presented in the companion article (part I). The experimental and simulated results showed that the simulation by means of
the lumped mass time-history earthquake response analysis predicted quite well the response of the first level, but tended
to underestimate the response of the second level, and that the PSD tests of an individual wall system with the mass supported
by that particular wall generally show a conservative estimate of the response. 相似文献
2.
Ebihara M Sekimoto S Shirai N Hamajima Y Yamamoto M Kumagai K Oura Y Ireland TR Kitajima F Nagao K Nakamura T Naraoka H Noguchi T Okazaki R Tsuchiyama A Uesugi M Yurimoto H Zolensky ME Abe M Fujimura A Mukai T Yada Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1119-1121
A single grain (~3 micrograms) returned by the Hayabusa spacecraft was analyzed by neutron activation analysis. This grain is mainly composed of olivine with minor amounts of plagioclase, troilite, and metal. Our results establish that the Itokawa sample has similar chemical characteristics (iron/scandium and nickel/cobalt ratios) to chondrites, confirming that this grain is extraterrestrial in origin and has primitive chemical compositions. Estimated iridium/nickel and iridium/cobalt ratios for metal in the Itokawa samples are about five times lower than CI carbonaceous chondrite values. A similar depletion of iridium was observed in chondrule metals of ordinary chondrites. These metals must have condensed from the nebular where refractory siderophile elements already condensed and were segregated. 相似文献
3.
Yurimoto H Abe K Abe M Ebihara M Fujimura A Hashiguchi M Hashizume K Ireland TR Itoh S Katayama J Kato C Kawaguchi J Kawasaki N Kitajima F Kobayashi S Meike T Mukai T Nagao K Nakamura T Naraoka H Noguchi T Okazaki R Park C Sakamoto N Seto Y Takei M Tsuchiyama A Uesugi M Wakaki S Yada T Yamamoto K Yoshikawa M Zolensky ME 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1116-1119
Meteorite studies suggest that each solar system object has a unique oxygen isotopic composition. Chondrites, the most primitive of meteorites, have been believed to be derived from asteroids, but oxygen isotopic compositions of asteroids themselves have not been established. We measured, using secondary ion mass spectrometry, oxygen isotopic compositions of rock particles from asteroid 25143 Itokawa returned by the Hayabusa spacecraft. Compositions of the particles are depleted in (16)O relative to terrestrial materials and indicate that Itokawa, an S-type asteroid, is one of the sources of the LL or L group of equilibrated ordinary chondrites. This is a direct oxygen-isotope link between chondrites and their parent asteroid. 相似文献
4.
5.
Takaaki Itai Teruyuki Maruoka Minoru Kusakabe Kenji Uesugi Muneki Mitamura 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):450-454
Abstract In this paper, we proposed a new approach for on-site colorimetric analysis of ferrous ions (Fe2+) and ammonium-nitrogen (NH4 +-N) using a soil color meter as an alternative method to conventional spectrophotometry. The soil color meter we used can express solution color numerically on the basis of L*a*b* color space. After coloring of water by the 1, 10 phenanthroline method and the Indophenol blue method, the color of solution was measured by the soil color meter. A linear relationship between Fe2+ and a* or b* values, and systematic change of NH4 +-N with L* value, enable us to make a calibration curve. The Fe2+ and NH4 +-N concentrations in groundwater samples (Fe2+: 0.3–1.3 mg L?1; NH4 +-N: 0.02–0.62 mg L?1) determined by the proposed method agreed well with those determined by conventional spectrophotometry with the difference being ± 0.05 mg L?1 and ± 0.02 mg L?1, respectively. Since a similar apparatus is widely used in the soil science field, this technique would facilitate field surveys. 相似文献
6.
Fire resistance of thick wood-based boards 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Thick wood-based boards are used as construction materials for walls and floors in Japan. In this study, fire resistance tests
(ISO 834-1) and cone calorimeter tests (ISO 5660-1) were conducted for thick plywood, particleboard, and medium density fiberboard
with sample thicknesses of about 28–30mm, and their suitabilities for quasi-fireproof or fire-preventive structures were evaluated.
In the ISO 834-1 fire resistance test, the heat-shielding performance (insulation criterion) for walls was evaluated and the
results showed that the larger the apparent density of a woodbased board, the higher its insulation performance. The insulation
performance of thick wood-based boards in the fire resistance test could be forecast from the results of the cone calorimeter
test, especially when the second peak of heat release rate appeared. In the cone calorimeter tests, the surface layer density
of the plywood, particleboard, and medium density fiberboard was the dominant parameter for the time to ignition and initial
heat release rate. These results indicate that thick wood-based board is a suitable fire-preventive construction material.
Part of this study was presented at the Annual Meeting of the Architectural Institute of Japan, Hokkaido, Japan, August 2004 相似文献
7.
Yosuke Iimura Madoka Yoshizumi Tomonori Sonoki Mikiko Uesugi Kenji Tatsumi Ken-ichi Horiuchi Shinya Kajita Yoshihiro Katayama 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(6):541-544
To assess the possible utility of a fungal gene for manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) produced by a transgenic plant in
phytoremediation, we transformed hybrid aspen with a chimeric gene for MnP. Our gene construct allowed expression of the gene
for MnP in plants and relatively high MnP activity was detected in the hydroponic medium in which roots of plants that expressed
the transgene had been cultured. Some of our transgenic plants were able to remove bisphenol A from the medium more efficiently
than wild-type plants. Our results demonstrate that, without any modification of the coding sequence, a chimeric gene for
fungal MnP can be expressed in a woody plant, with secretion of active MnP from roots into the rhizosphere. Our strategy suggests
new options using woody plants for phytoremediation. 相似文献
8.
Nakamura T Noguchi T Tanaka M Zolensky ME Kimura M Tsuchiyama A Nakato A Ogami T Ishida H Uesugi M Yada T Shirai K Fujimura A Okazaki R Sandford SA Ishibashi Y Abe M Okada T Ueno M Mukai T Yoshikawa M Kawaguchi J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1113-1116
The Hayabusa spacecraft successfully recovered dust particles from the surface of near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa. Synchrotron-radiation x-ray diffraction and transmission and scanning electron microscope analyses indicate that the mineralogy and mineral chemistry of the Itokawa dust particles are identical to those of thermally metamorphosed LL chondrites, consistent with spectroscopic observations made from Earth and by the Hayabusa spacecraft. Our results directly demonstrate that ordinary chondrites, the most abundant meteorites found on Earth, come from S-type asteroids. Mineral chemistry indicates that the majority of regolith surface particles suffered long-term thermal annealing and subsequent impact shock, suggesting that Itokawa is an asteroid made of reassembled pieces of the interior portions of a once larger asteroid. 相似文献
9.
Nagao K Okazaki R Nakamura T Miura YN Osawa T Bajo K Matsuda S Ebihara M Ireland TR Kitajima F Naraoka H Noguchi T Tsuchiyama A Yurimoto H Zolensky ME Uesugi M Shirai K Abe M Yada T Ishibashi Y Fujimura A Mukai T Ueno M Okada T Yoshikawa M Kawaguchi J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1128-1131
Noble gas isotopes were measured in three rocky grains from asteroid Itokawa to elucidate a history of irradiation from cosmic rays and solar wind on its surface. Large amounts of solar helium (He), neon (Ne), and argon (Ar) trapped in various depths in the grains were observed, which can be explained by multiple implantations of solar wind particles into the grains, combined with preferential He loss caused by frictional wear of space-weathered rims on the grains. Short residence time of less than 8 million years was implied for the grains by an estimate on cosmic-ray-produced (21)Ne. Our results suggest that Itokawa is continuously losing its surface materials into space at a rate of tens of centimeters per million years. The lifetime of Itokawa should be much shorter than the age of our solar system. 相似文献
10.
Hidekazu Yamada Yumei Kang Tomonori Aso Hiroshi Uesugi Tomokazu Fujimura Koyo Yonebayashi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):385-391
The chemical forms of selenium (Se) in soils derived from different parent rocks, and the stability of Se species in soils were investigated. Around 40% of the total Se occurred as organic Se on the average. Total selenite content was higher than that of total selenate. The content of organic Se decreased with heating of the soils at high temperatures, and most of it disappeared at heating temperatures above 500°C. However, the results of incubation experiments indicated that Se species were stable in soil, and that their chemical forms did not change appreciably with the variation of soil conditions. In soluble Se, organic Se accounted for about 50%, and in contrast to the total Se, the selenate content was higher than that of selenite. 相似文献