Helminth findings in indigenous raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides (Gray, 1843)     

Thiess A  Schuster R  Nöckler K  Mix H 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2001,114(7-8):273-276

Internal organs of 74 racoon dogs originating from the eastern districts of the Federal Land Brandenburg were subjected to a complete helminthological dissection. In addition, samples of diaphragma muscles from 46 further animals were examined for Trichinella larvae. Altogether 3 trematode- (Alaria alata, Isthmiophora melis, Metorchis bilis), 3 cestode- (Mesocestoides sp., Echinococcus multilocularis, Taenia polyacantha) and 7 nematode species (Capillaria aerophila, C. plica, Trichinella spiralis, Uncinaria stenocephala, Molineus patens, Crenosoma vulpis, Toxocara canis) could be identified. Thereby, the racoon dog has a comparable helminth spectrum as well known in red foxes. Differences in the frequency of the occurrence of helminths in both hosts can be explained by different food preferences.  相似文献   

Optimising spring oral vaccination campaigns of foxes against rabies     

Vos A  Müller T  Selhorst T  Schuster P  Neubert A  Schlüter H 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2001,108(2):55-59

To optimise spring vaccination campaigns the following set of data has been analysed; (i) population dynamics of the red fox, (ii) onset and progress of the reproductive season, and (iii) maternal immunity and the immune response of fox cubs to oral vaccination. The field data originated from foxes caught in Bavaria, Germany. The results of our analysis clearly demonstrate that certain periods during spring are less suitable for bait distribution. If the objective of a vaccination campaign is to reach only the adult foxes, it is suggested to conduct the campaign during the first half of March. If also young foxes are to be vaccinated, baits should not be distributed before the end of May in previously baited areas, because a large segment of the young fox population can not be vaccinated effectively before this date as a result of maternally transferred immunity. In areas vaccinated for the first time, baits can be distributed earlier, since 5 weeks old cubs are already immunocompetent.  相似文献   

Immunogenicity and efficacy of the oral rabies vaccine SAD B19 in foxes     

Neubert A  Schuster P  Müller T  Vos A  Pommerening E 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2001,48(3):179-183

Studies on the immunogenicity and efficacy of SAD B19 attenuated rabies virus vaccine in foxes under laboratory conditions were conducted. Twenty-seven foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were offered a vaccine bait containing 10(6.3) FFU/ml SAD B19. Blood samples were collected 60, 110 and 190 days post-vaccination. On day 190 post vaccination the animals and 14 controls were challenged with a canid street rabies virus. Twenty-four of the 26 vaccinated foxes (92.3%) survived the challenge, whereas all the controls died from rabies. The two vaccinated foxes that did not survive the challenge did not show any detectable level of rabies neutralizing antibodies at any time after vaccination. The geometric mean titres (GMT) of foxes that seroconverted after vaccination were 43.5, 33.9 and 43.5 IU/ml 60, 110 and 190 days post-vaccination, respectively. Furthermore, to test the vaccine virus under sub-optimal conditions five naive and nine previously vaccinated vixens received 2 ml SAD B19 (10(6.7) FFU/ml) by direct administration of the vaccine virus into the oral cavity shortly before or during pregnancy. All vixens seroconverted above the threshold of 0.5 IU/ml. No booster effect was observed in the immune response of the previously vaccinated animals.  相似文献   

Gestielte Spermatophoren bei Labidostomiden (Acari, Trombidiformes)     

Schuster B. und I. J. Schuster 《Journal of pest science》1970,43(10):158

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

The effect of fish meal content in trout food on water colour in a closed recirculating aquaculture system     

C. Schuster 《Aquaculture International》1994,2(4):266-269

  相似文献   

Effect of maternal immunity on the immune response to oral vaccination against rabies in young foxes.     

T F Müller  P Schuster  A C Vos  T Selhorst  U D Wenzel  A M Neubert 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(7):1154-1158

OBJECTIVE: To determine effect of maternal antibodies on immune response to oral vaccination against rabies in young foxes. ANIMALS: 250 cubs from 48 vixens. PROCEDURE: Sera were obtained from cubs of 36 vaccinated (maternally vaccinated [MV+]) and 12 nonvaccinated (MV-) vixens between 23 and 71 days of age and tested for neutralizing antibodies. Seventy-one MV+ cubs and 33 MV-cubs were vaccinated orally with modified-live virus vaccine SAD B19. Geometric mean titer (GMT) was determined in these cubs approximately 21, 39, and 57 days after vaccination. In a subsequent experiment, 10 vaccinated MV+ cubs, 6 vaccinated MV- cubs, and 6 control cubs were challenge inoculated with virulent rabies virus approximately 100 days after vaccination. RESULTS: Serum GMT of nonvaccinated MV cubs (0.23 U/ml) was significantly greater than that of non-vaccinated MV- cubs (0.15 U/ml). The GMT of vaccinated MV+ cubs 21, 39, and 57 days after vaccination were 2.85, 2.11, and 0.79 U/ml, respectively, and were significantly less than those of vaccinated MV- cubs (12.19, 6.76, and 4.02 U/ml, respectively). All challenge-inoculated cubs with GMT < 0.5 U/ml succumbed to rabies. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Partially impaired immune response in cubs < 8 weeks old from vaccinated vixens causes insufficient protection against rabies. Inhibition of the immune response persists longer than the period during which maternal antibodies are detectable. Thus, oral vaccination campaigns for young foxes in areas where vaccination has been performed need to be reconsidered.  相似文献   

Determination of self-incompatible genotypes in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) accessions and cultivars of the German Fruit Gene Bank and from private collections     

M. Schuster    H. Flachowsky    D. Köhler 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(5):533-540

Sweet cherries are self-incompatible because of a gametophytic self-incompatibility system. S alleles in the style and pollen determine the crossing relationships. Knowledge of the S allele constitution of cultivars is very important for cherry growers and breeders, and recently, molecular methods have been developed to distinguish the S alleles in sweet cherries. The S allele genotypes of 149 sweet cherry cultivars and clones, including 126 not previously genotyped, were determined by using PCR analysis. Thirteen different S alleles in 40 combinations were distinguished and nine new incompatibility groups were documented. Two new S alleles were identified in five local sweet cherry processing cultivars from southwestern Germany using the second intron primers. The sequence of these alleles was determined and compared to all known sequences available in the NCBI database. The sequences obtained showed high similarities to the alleles S ₁₉ and S ₂₂, previously described only in wild cherries, Prunus avium L.  相似文献   

Breeding and genetic studies of tolerance to several bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) bacterial pathogens     

D. P. Coyne  M. L. Schuster 《Euphytica》1974,23(3):651-656

Summary A breeding and genetic program to develop Phaseolus vulgaris bean varieties tolerant to the bacterial pathogens Pseudomonas phaseolicola, Xanthomonas phaseoli and Corynebacterium flaccumfaciens was conducted from 1962 to the present tme. The research progress is reported. Great Northern (GN) Nebraska #1, sel. 27 and PI 150414 dry bean lines were highly tolerant to races 1 and 2 of the halo blight bacterium (P. phaseolicola). The tolerant inoculated leaf, pod, and non-systemic chlorosis reactions to this bacterium were each controlled by different major genes. Coupling linkage was detected between genes controlling the leaf and systemic chlorosis reactions. GN Nebraska #1, sel. 27 and PI 207262 were tolerant to isolates (USA) of X. phaseoli, causal pathogen of common blight disease. Reaction to this bacterium was inherited quantitatively. Narrow sense heritability estimates of the disease reaction were low. Genes controlling late maturity and tolerant reaction were found to be linked in crosses with GN Nebraska #1, sel. 27 but linkage was not apparent in one cross with PI 207262. A different reaction of pod and foliage was observed in some bean lines. Susceptibility increased with the onset of plant maturity. PI 165078 was tolerant to C. flaccumfaciens and the disease reaction was simply inherited. The dry bean varieties GN Tara and GN Jules, tolerant X. phaseoli, and GN Emerson tolerant to C. flaccumfaciens and X. phaseoli were released in recent years. Breeding approaches to develop bean varieties tolerant to these bacterial pathogens is discussed.Published as Paper No. 3711, Journal Series, Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station. Research was conducted under Project No. 20-3.  相似文献   

METEORIC DUST     

Schuster 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1881,2(69):489-490

  相似文献   

A predator unmasked: life cycle of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus from a genomic perspective     

Rendulic S  Jagtap P  Rosinus A  Eppinger M  Baar C  Lanz C  Keller H  Lambert C  Evans KJ  Goesmann A  Meyer F  Sockett RE  Schuster SC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5658):689-692

Predatory bacteria remain molecularly enigmatic, despite their presence in many microbial communities. Here we report the complete genome of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100, a predatory Gram-negative bacterium that invades and consumes other Gram-negative bacteria. Its surprisingly large genome shows no evidence of recent gene transfer from its prey. A plethora of paralogous gene families coding for enzymes, such as hydrolases and transporters, are used throughout the life cycle of B. bacteriovorus for prey entry, prey killing, and the uptake of complex molecules.  相似文献