A survey on Salmonella in rectal swabs of cattle on dairy farms and steer feed lots in Hokkaido     

G Sato  H Kodama  C Oda  K Ichimura  K Ishida 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》1973,21(4):155-159

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Age trends in the genetic parameters of wood density and the relationship with growth rates in hybrid larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica × L. kaempferi) F1     

Takaaki Fujimoto  Kazuhito Kita  Kazuko Uchiyama  Makoto Kuromaru  Hisashi Akutsu  Kazuyuki Oda 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(3):157-163

Age trends in variance components and heritability of overall wood density, earlywood and latewood density, and latewood proportion were investigated in 29-year-old trees of 19 full-sib families of hybrid larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica × Larix kaempferi) F₁. The age–age correlation and optimum selection age for these traits were also estimated and genetic and phenotypic correlations between wood density and radial growth rate were calculated for each growth ring. Intraring wood density data were obtained using X-ray densitometry. The coefficient of additive genetic variance was stable over all ages, whereas the coefficient of environmental variances gradually decreased with increasing age, resulting in increases in heritability estimates with age for overall density. The latewood proportion had the highest heritability estimates at all ages, ranging from 0.44 to 0.66. Overall density and its various components at 28 years of age showed strong genetic correlations with their respective traits at all younger ages. Optimum selection ages for the wood density traits ranged from 8 to 14 years, at which point maximum gain efficiencies per year were obtained. There were negative correlations between wood density and radial growth rate at early ages, although these relationships tended to be weaker with increasing age. These results suggest that selection at a young age is effective for wood density, but particular care must be taken in selecting trees with an improved radial growth rate because rapid growth will result in a low-density wood product, especially in the early growth period.  相似文献   

Root growth enhancement by rhizospheric aluminum treatment in Quercus serrata Thunb. seedlings     

Rie Tomioka  Asayo Oda  Chisato Takenaka 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(4):319-324

This article discusses the effect of aluminum on root growth of Querucus serrata Thunb. In a 9-week hydroponics experiment, the effects of various concentrations (0 to 5.0 mM) of Al on root growth were examined. Results revealed that root biomass increases with the increase in Al concentration up to 2.5 mM, and then it tended to decrease. In the next experiment, the effects of H⁺ and Al³⁺ on roots were compared in a 4-week hydroponics experiment using three treatment solutions: control (pH 6.0), −Al (without Al, pH 3.5), and +Al (with 2.5 mM Al, pH 3.5). No clear difference in the biomass and root length between the control and −Al treated roots was observed, and root and shoot biomass were increased by Al treatment. These results confirmed that the H⁺ concentration level, at a pH of 3.5, is not toxic for Q. serrata and the Al-induced increase in root biomass is not caused by the amelioration of H⁺ toxicity by Al. In the third experiment, roots were exposed to an Al solution (pH 3.6) intermittently. This treatment clarified that Al stimulated rooting and root elongation. In the fourth experiment, the effect of 1 mM Al on root growth during a 15-month period in a sand culture were examined. This experiment confirmed that Al stimulated good growth and development of root systems at appropriate concentrations. Therefore, it is considered that Al-induced root growth enhancement occurs as a long-term and short-term phenomenon.  相似文献   

Cloning and characterization of gene-resistant analogs (RGAs) involved in rust (Puccinia psidii) resistance in Eucalyptus grandis     

Marcelo Luiz Laia  Acelino Couto Alfenas  Sergio Hermnio Brommonschenkel  Shinitiro Oda  Eduardo Jose de Melo  Inae Marie de Arau jo Silva  Janana Fernandes Goncalves  Ariadne Marques 《林业研究》2015,(3)

Disease-resistant genes play an important role in defending against a variety of pathogens and insect pests in plants. Most of the disease-resistant genes encode pro-teins with conserved leucine rich r...  相似文献   

Development of a high-throughput screening method using a cell-based, lawn format assay for the identification of novel plant defense activators from combinatorial peptide libraries     

Miyashita M  Otake Y  Oda M  Miyagawa H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(3):806-811

Plants respond to attack by pathogens through various defense mechanisms. These defense responses are triggered by a variety of molecules derived from pathogenic microorganisms as well as host plants. In this study, we developed a high-throughput screening method using a cell-based lawn format assay for the identification of novel peptides that can induce plant defense responses from combinatorial peptide libraries. Solid-phase peptide libraries were synthesized using a photocleavable linker and immobilized using agarose gel. The peptides were partially cleaved from beads, and the agarose gel was layered on the tobacco cells. The defense response was then observed by detecting the generated H2O2 using a sensitive H2O2 indicator dye, N-(carboxymethylaminocarbonyl)-4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)diphenylamine sodium salt (DA-64). Using this assay format, a 6859-member peptide library based on the sequence of flagellin-derived peptides was screened, and several structural features important for the activity were obtained.  相似文献   

Molecular and genealogical analysis of grain dormancy in Japanese wheat varieties,with specific focus on MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 on chromosome 3A     

Makiko Chono  Hitoshi Matsunaka  Masako Seki  Masaya Fujita  Chikako Kiribuchi-Otobe  Shunsuke Oda  Hisayo Kojima  Shingo Nakamura 《Breeding Science》2015,65(1):103-109

In the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘Zenkoujikomugi’, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter of MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1 on chromosome 3A (MFT-3A) causes an increase in the level of gene expression, resulting in strong grain dormancy. We used a DNA marker to detect the ‘Zenkoujikomugi’-type (Zen-type) SNP and examined the genotype of MFT-3A in Japanese wheat varieties, and we found that 169 of 324 varieties carry the Zen-type SNP. In Japanese commercial varieties, the frequency of the Zen-type SNP was remarkably high in the southern part of Japan, but low in the northern part. To examine the relationship between MFT-3A genotype and grain dormancy, we performed a germination assay in three wheat-growing seasons. On average, the varieties carrying the Zen-type SNP showed stronger grain dormancy than the varieties carrying the non-Zen-type SNP. Among commercial cultivars, ‘Iwainodaichi’ (Kyushu), ‘Junreikomugi’ (Kinki-Chugoku-Shikoku), ‘Kinuhime’ (Kanto-Tokai), ‘Nebarigoshi’ (Tohoku-Hokuriku), and ‘Kitamoe’ (Hokkaido) showed the strongest grain dormancy in each geographical group, and all these varieties, except for ‘Kitamoe’, were found to carry the Zen-type SNP. In recent years, the number of varieties carrying the Zen-type SNP has increased in the Tohoku-Hokuriku region, but not in the Hokkaido region.  相似文献   

Noxa, a BH3-only member of the Bcl-2 family and candidate mediator of p53-induced apoptosis     

Oda E  Ohki R  Murasawa H  Nemoto J  Shibue T  Yamashita T  Tokino T  Taniguchi T  Tanaka N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,288(5468):1053-1058

A critical function of tumor suppressor p53 is the induction of apoptosis in cells exposed to noxious stresses. We report a previously unidentified pro-apoptotic gene, Noxa. Expression of Noxa induction in primary mouse cells exposed to x-ray irradiation was dependent on p53. Noxa encodes a Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3)-only member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins; this member contains the BH3 region but not other BH domains. When ectopically expressed, Noxa underwent BH3 motif-dependent localization to mitochondria and interacted with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, resulting in the activation of caspase-9. We also demonstrate that blocking the endogenous Noxa induction results in the suppression of apoptosis. Noxa may thus represent a mediator of p53-dependent apoptosis.  相似文献   

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity in cultured canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)     

Haraguchi T  Tani K  Koga M  Oda Y  Itamoto K  Yamamoto N  Terai S  Sakaida I  Nakazawa H  Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(5):633-636

Autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) infusion therapy improves the hepatic fibrosis. To investigate the mechanism of remission, we evaluated the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 activity in canine BMSCs and the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines on their expression. The activity and the gene expression of MMPs were analyzed by gelatin zymography and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. The specific gelatinase bands were indicative effect of MMP-2 and -9 in canine BMSCs. MMP-2 expression seemed to be increased by TNF-α and IL-1β while MMP-9 was enhanced by TNF-α and IL-6. These results suggested that remissive effect on liver fibrosis might be partly attributable to the MMP-2 and -9 activity in BMSCs under the inflammatory condition.  相似文献   

Distribution of photoperiod-insensitive allele Ppd-A1a and its effect on heading time in Japanese wheat cultivars     

Masako Seki  Makiko Chono  Tsutomu Nishimura  Mikako Sato  Yasuhiro Yoshimura  Hitoshi Matsunaka  Masaya Fujita  Shunsuke Oda  Katashi Kubo  Chikako Kiribuchi-Otobe  Hisayo Kojima  Hidetaka Nishida  Kenji Kato 《Breeding Science》2013,63(3):309-316

The Ppd-A1 genotype of 240 Japanese wheat cultivars and 40 foreign cultivars was determined using a PCR-based method. Among Japanese cultivars, only 12 cultivars, all of which were Hokkaido winter wheat, carried the Ppd-A1a allele, while this allele was not found in Hokkaido spring wheat cultivars or Tohoku-Kyushu cultivars. Cultivars with a photoperiod-insensitive allele headed 6.9–9.8 days earlier in Kanto and 2.5 days earlier in Hokkaido than photoperiod-sensitive cultivars. The lower effect of photoperiod-insensitive alleles observed in Hokkaido could be due to the longer day-length at the spike formation stage compared with that in Kanto. Pedigree analysis showed that ‘Purple Straw’ and ‘Tohoku 118’ were donors of Ppd-A1a and Ppd-D1a in Hokkaido wheat cultivars, respectively. Wheat cultivars recently developed in Hokkaido carry photoperiod-insensitive alleles at a high frequency. For efficient utilization of Ppd-1 alleles in the Hokkaido wheat-breeding program, the effect of Ppd-1 on growth pattern and grain yield should be investigated. Ppd-A1a may be useful as a unique gene source for fine tuning the heading time in the Tohoku-Kyushu region since the effect of Ppd-A1a on photoperiod insensitivity appears to differ from the effect of Ppd-B1a and Ppd-D1a.  相似文献   

High-yield SRI in West Java by decomposing straw in waterlogged paddy field     

Masato Oda  Kazunobu Toriyama  Shigeki Yokoyama 《Paddy and Water Environment》2018,16(4):887-891

System of Rice Intensification (SRI) often achieved higher yield than conventional practice. We identified the high-yielding farmers from the yield records of 1909 paddy fields belonging to an organic farmers’ association. Farmers whose yields were from 8.4 to 10.4 t ha^?1 were interviewed and their fields surveyed. Their yields had increased by an estimated average of 40% following the adoption of SRI practices. They applied 2–12 t ha^?1 of compost. Compared to the conventional practice, they shortened seedling age at transplanting from 27.4 to 17.6 days and reduced the number of seedlings per hill from 4–6 to 2–3, while hill spacing remained unchanged. Instead of intermittent irrigation which is recommended in standard SRI, they kept shallow flooding of 1–2 cm. Although they applied a lot of compost, no correlation was found between the amount of compost application and the yields. Instead, high-yielding farmers returned rice straw into waterlogged paddy after harvest, which presumably is an ideal condition for biological nitrogen fixation. This may occur around rice straw during decomposition under waterlogged condition and might supplement the negative nitrogen balance, thereby enabling the high yield as compared with conventional practices where the fresh rice straw is removed and/or burned.  相似文献