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Putranto HD Kusuda S Inagaki K Kumagai G Ishii-Tamura R Uziie Y Doi O 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(5):569-571
Feces were collected from two female and one male Siberian tigers, Panthera tigris altaica. Steroid hormones were extracted from lyophilized feces and quantified by enzyme immunoassay. The fecal contents of estradiol-17beta (E(2)) and testosterone in the females and male, respectively, changed markedly throughout the year. The fecal E(2) contents of females Nos. 179 and 238 increased at 26.4 +/- 8.0 and 28.0 +/- 14.2 day intervals, respectively. However, the fecal contents of progesterone (P(4)) in the female kept alone did not change. In contrast, the other female, which was kept with a male, had increased fecal P(4) contents after copulation. The fecal progesterone levels of the pregnant female remained high during her 106-day pregnancy. 相似文献
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Tekat Dwi Cahyono Wayan Darmawan Eka Novriyanti 《Wood material science & engineering》2020,15(3):155-162
ABSTRACTA study to determine the quality of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) from samama wood (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) was carried out. Samama is a fast-growing endemic wood in eastern Indonesia. Factorial of three factors in RAL design was used to investigate the influence of veneer thickness, juvenile proportion and veneer lay-up to the quality of the resulted samama LVL. The veneer thicknesses were 1.5 and 3.0?mm. Juvenile proportions were arranged in five levels, which were 100% of juvenile veneer, 100% of mature veneer and combination of both juvenile and mature with juvenile proportion of 14%, 43% and 71%. Two veneer lay-up used in this study were loose side met loose side and tight side met loose side. The result of the study showed various specific gravity of LVL by different proportions of juvenile. This factor also affected the other physical traits. Shear strength of the LVL was equal to the solid wood, yet MOE and MOR were affected by juvenile proportion and veneer lay-up. LVL developed from 100% of mature veneer exhibited the highest MOE and MOR, yet no significant difference was noted in MOE and MOR between LVL 100% of juvenile and other tested juvenile proportions. 相似文献
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Genetic divergence of kingfish from Japan, Australia and New Zealand inferred by microsatellite DNA and mitochondrial DNA control region markers 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
ABSTRACT: Genetic polymorphism in kingfish, collected from coastal waters of Japan, Australia and New Zealand, were examined using microsatellite (MS) DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region markers. Sixteen to 25.7 alleles per locus were observed in three MS markers, while the average observed (and expected) heterozygosities were 0.782 (0.918), 0.750 (0.809) and 0.650 (0.888) for Australian, Japanese and New Zealand kingfish, respectively. Twelve mtDNA haplotypes were detected by the digestion of control region sequences with five endonucleases: Hae III, Hinf I Mbo I, Rsa I and Taq I. Significant genetic divergence was observed between the kingfish population from Japan and those from Australia–New Zealand. There was no significant differentiation among the Australian and New Zealand population samples. 相似文献
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David J. Lohman Krista K. Ingram Kevin Winker Robert G. Moyle Perry S. Ong Thomas M. Braile Dwi Astuti 《Biological conservation》2010,143(8):1885-1890
Mistakenly classifying morphologically cryptic endemic species as populations of widespread species potentially interferes with the conservation of biodiversity because undetected endemics that are imperilled may lack appropriate protection. It also impedes the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of a taxon by obscuring the number and distributional limits of species. Here, we present genetic and phylogenetic evidence corroborated by morphology that Philippine populations of seven widespread, non-migratory passerine birds might represent unrecognized, distinct species. An extrapolation based on this finding suggests that the proportion of endemic bird species in the Philippines could be much higher than currently estimated. This high degree of cryptic diversity in a well-studied, volant taxon implies that large numbers of unrecognized species can be expected in less thoroughly studied groups. We predict that genetic investigations of insular populations of widespread species will frequently reveal unrecognized island endemics, and because of the vulnerability of island habitats and their biota, these taxa may be particularly susceptible to extinction. 相似文献
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Denny Irawati Yuya Takashima Chisato Ueda J. P. Gentur Sutapa Sri Nugroho Marsoem Futoshi Ishiguri Kazuya Iizuka Nobuo Yoshizawa Shinso Yokota 《Journal of Wood Science》2013,59(6):522-527
We examined the enzymatic saccharification and ethanol fermentation of the spent media (SMs) from Auricularia polytricha cultivation using wood meals of Falcataria moluccana, Shorea sp., and Tectona grandis. Although the hydrolysis weight decrease and reducing sugar yield were higher in SM of F. moluccana, the ethanol yield was higher in SM of Shorea sp. Ozone treatment of SM further increased the hydrolysis weight decrease, reducing sugar, and ethanol yields in Shorea sp. These results indicate that SM of A. polytricha is a suitable biomass material to produce fermentable sugars for ethanol production, and that ozone treatment is a suitable method for increasing the ethanol yield. 相似文献
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Pelagic fish stocks in the Java Sea have been exploited intensively since the beginning of the 1970s. However, due to the effect of increased fishing power of the fleets and the changing nature of spatial and temporal distribution of the fishing effort, assessment of stock trends based on commercial data of catch and effort requires the standardization of both effort and catch data. Here we present the first attempt to reconstruct a standardized time series of commercial catch per unit of effort (CPUE) for the main pelagic species exploited by the purse seine fleet in the Java Sea. The results showed that all the stocks analysed have largely declined since the beginning of the 1990s. For bigeye scad, Indian mackerel and sardine, current estimates are only between 3 and 19% of the maximum observed value while round scads and spotted sardine biomass estimates lie between 18 and 34%. However, our assumptions about the effect of lamp power and level of creeping and the fact that the influence of fish density on catchability and the effect of targeting were not taken into account thus observed decline is a rather conservative estimate of the real decline of the stocks. If effective management actions are not put in place as a matter of urgency in the Java Sea for small pelagic fisheries, one runs the risk of adding those species to the long list of overexploited stocks of the world oceans. 相似文献
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Muhammad Mansyur Romi Nur Arfian Wiwit Ananda Wahyu Setyaningsih Rachma Greta Perdana Putri Mohammad Juffrie Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2021,25(6):417
Background:Hyperuricemia induces nephropathy through the mediation of oxidative stress, tubular injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. The high uric acid level is associated with the reduction of vitamin D levels. However, the reno-protective effects of this vitamin in hyperuricemia condition remain unknown. This study aimed to elucidate calcitriol treatment in a uric acid-induced hyperuricemia mice model. Methods:Uric acid (125 mg/kg BW) was administered intraperitoneally for 7 (UA7) and 14 (UA14) days. Calcitriol (0.5 g/kg BW) was intraperitoneally injected for the following seven days, after 14 days of uric acid induction (UA14VD7 group). The control group received NaCl 0.9%, by the same route. Serum creatinine was measured using calorimetric method, and uric acid levels were assessed using enzymatic calorimetric assay. Tubular injury and fibrosis were assessed using PAS and Sirius red staining. RT-PCR and qRT-PCR were carried out for the analyses of SOD-1, Collagen-1, and TGF-1 mRNA expression in the kidney. Immunostaining of SOD-1 was performed to detect its expression in the kidney. Results:Uric acid and creatinine levels markedly increased in UA14 groups, followed by an exacerbation of tubular injury. RT-PCR revealed the upregulation of Collagen-1 and TGF-1, along with the downregulation of SOD-1. Calcitriol treatment attenuated the injury with reducing uric acid and creatinine levels, as well as tubular injury. This was associated with lower Collagen-1 and TGF-1 mRNA expression compared to the UA7 and UA14 groups. SOD-1 was upregulated in epithelial cells in the UA14VD7 group. Conclusion:Calcitriol treatment after uric acid induction may attenuate kidney injury through upregulation of SOD-1 and downregulation of Collagen-1 and TGF-1 gene expression. Key Words: Fibrosis, Hyperuricemia, Kidney injury, Superoxide dismutase-1, Vitamin D 相似文献
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Rosmawati Effendi Abustam Abu Bakar Tawali Muhammad Irfan Said Dwi Kesuma Sari 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(6):1081-1089
Snakehead fish (Channa striata) skin is a fishery by-product that has the potential for further processing because it contains a high amount of organic matter. This study investigates the effect of body weight on the chemical composition and collagen content of snakehead fish skin. This study used fresh snakehead fish of either gender. Their body weights were divided into three groups: small, medium, and large size. The characteristics of snakehead fish skin included proximate composition, amino acid content, collagen content, microstructure, and minerals. Snakehead fish skin from fish of different body weights indicated that the moisture content and ash tended to decrease, the protein content was relatively stable, and the lipid content tended to increase with increasing body weight. Glycine and proline comprised the highest percentages of amino acids at all levels of body weight, and the presence of hydroxyproline showed that snakehead fish skin was the source of collagen. There was no significant difference in body weight observed on collagen protein content of the skin. This study on the microstructure and mineral content of snakehead fish skin can be used as supporting information to promote the potential utility and economic value of the skin. 相似文献
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Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-conjugating enzymes are involved in post-translational regulatory processes in eukaryotes, including the conjugation of SUMO peptides to protein substrate (SUMOylation). SUMOylation plays an important role in improving plant tolerance to abiotic stress such as salt, drought, heat and cold. Herein, we reported the isolation of OsSCE1 (LOC_Os10g39120) gene encoding a SUMO-conjugating enzyme from rice (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare) and its functional validation in response to drought stress. The E2 enzyme, OsSCE1, is one of three key enzymes involved in the conjugation of SUMO to its target proteins. Activated SUMO is transferred to the cysteine of an E2 enzyme and then to the target lysine residue of the substrate, with or without the help of an E3 SUMO ligase. Expression of OsSCE1 was strongly induced by polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) treatment, which suggested OsSCE1 may be involved in the drought stress response. Overexpression of OsSCE1 (OsSCE1-OX) in Nipponbare reduced the tolerance to drought stress. Conversely, the drought tolerance was slightly improved by the knockdown of OsSCE1 (OsSCE1-KD). These results were further supported by measurement of proline content in OsSCE1-OX and OsSCE1-KD transgenic lines under induced drought stress, which showed OsSCE1-KD transgenic lines accumulated higher proline content than the wild type, whereas OsSCE1-OX line had lower proline content than the wild type. These findings suggested OsSCE1 may play a role as a negative regulator in response to drought stress in rice. 相似文献