Purification and characterisation of chicken liver monomeric glutathione peroxidase     

S. Miyazaki  Y. Motoi 《British poultry science》1996,37(3):651-660

1. A novel glutathione peroxidase, which is distinct from tetrameric glutathione peroxidase, was purified to homogeneity from a broiler chick liver cytosolic fraction using 5 different column chromatographic methods.

2. The enzyme in cytosol was separated from ‘classic’ tetrameric glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S‐transferases by DEAE‐Sephacel and Sephadex G‐100 chromatographies and further purified by Mono Q, hydroxylapatite and sulphobro‐mophthalein‐S‐glutathione‐agarose chromatographies.

3. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was 19,500 and that found by gel filtration chromatography was comparable. This indicates that the enzyme protein is a single polypeptide. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was determined as 7.0 by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing.

4. The purified enzyme catalysed the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, tert‐butyl hydroperoxide and linoleic acid hydroperoxide. Furthermore, it reduced phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide in the absence of phospholi‐pase A2. The optimum pH for the enzyme reaction was 7.0. The antiserum against the purified enzyme reacted with the 19.5 kDa polypeptide in the liver cytosol of duck and quail.  相似文献   

Indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aciculosporium take</Emphasis>, a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo     

Eiji Tanaka  Chihiro Tanaka  Atsushi Ishihara  Yasumasa Kuwahara  Mitsuya Tsuda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(1):1-6

 Aciculosporium take (Ascomycota; Clavicipitaceae) is a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo plants. The symptoms of this disease are believed to be induced by plant hormones, particularly auxins. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was identified in cultures of this fungus in an l-tryptophan-supplemented liquid medium. IAA production was confirmed on 30 isolates of A. take from various hosts and locations at levels up to 1 mg/l. The biosynthetic pathway of IAA in A. take culture was examined by analyzing intermediate products and by feeding experiments. The results showed that the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway (l-tryptophan → indole-3-pyruvic acid → indole acetaldehyde → IAA) was the dominant pathway in A. take. Received: June 3, 2002 / Accepted: July 25, 2002  相似文献   

Oral administration of L-citrulline changes the concentrations of plasma hormones and biochemical profile in heat-exposed broilers     

Vishwajit S. Chowdhury  Yoshimitsu Ouchi  Guofeng Han  Hatem M. Eltahan  Shogo Haraguchi  Takuro Miyazaki  Jun-ichi Shiraishi  Toshihisa Sugino  Takashi Bungo 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13578

We examined the effects of oral administration of L-citrulline (L-Cit) on plasma metabolic hormones and biochemical profile in broilers. Food intake, water intake, and body temperature were also analyzed. After dual oral administration (20 mmol/head/administration) of L-Cit, broilers were exposed to a high ambient temperature (HT; 30 ± 1°C) chamber for 120 min. Oral administration of L-Cit reduced (p < .001) rectal temperature in broilers. Food intake was increased (p < .05) by heat stress, but it was reduced (p < .05) by L-Cit. Plasma levels of 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine, which initially increased (p < .0001) due to heat stress, were reduced (p < .01) by oral administration of L-Cit. Plasma insulin levels were increased by heat exposure (p < .01) and oral L-Cit (p < .05). Heat stress caused a decline (p < .05) in plasma thyroxine. Plasma lactic acid (p < .05) and non-esterified fatty acids (p < .01) were increased in L-Cit-treated heat-exposed broilers. In conclusion, our results suggest that oral L-Cit can modulate plasma concentrations of major metabolic hormones and reduces food intake in broilers.  相似文献   

Ceramide aminoethylphosphonate from jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas attenuates the toxicity of cyanotoxin microcystin-LR     

Masaharu Komatsu  Naoki Ichiyama  Takashi Kurimoto  Shota Takumi  Kazuhiro Shiozaki  Yasumasa Sugiyama  Tatsuhiko Furukawa  Seiichi Ando  Saki Itonori  Hiroaki Saito 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(2):313-320

We have previously established the method for isolation of ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP) from jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas. In this study, we performed a MTT assay to evaluate the safety of CAEP to the cell lines for the application to health food and supplements. The CAEP did not show any cytotoxicity to various HEK293-transfectant cells. Next, we elucidated the positive function of CAEP to the somatic cells. Recently, we have reported that hepatotoxin microcystin-LR was taken up into the hepatocytes mediated by hepatocellular uptake transporters OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, and the cells were induced cytotoxicity subsequently. Cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR to permanently OATP1B3-expressing HEK293-OATP1B3 cells rather than to HEK293-OATP1B1 cells was preferentially attenuated by CAEP in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the enzyme activity of serine/threonine phosphatase, which was inhibited by microcystin-LR, was recuperated by co-exposure to CAEP. Furthermore, microcystin-LR-induced cellular protein phosphorylation were disrupted by CAEP exposure. These results suggested that CAEP is a promising remedy and/or preventive medicine for liver damage with microcystin-LR.  相似文献   

Suppressive effect of saturated acyl L-ascorbate on the oxidation of linoleic acid encapsulated with maltodextrin or gum arabic by spray-drying   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Watanabe Y  Fang X  Minemoto Y  Adachi S  Matsuno R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(14):3984-3987

6-O-Palmitoyl L-ascorbate was added to linoleic acid at various molar ratios of the ascorbate to the acid, the mixtures were emulsified with a maltodextrin or gum arabic solution, and the emulsions were spray-dried to produce microcapsules. At higher molar ratios, the oil droplets in the emulsions were smaller, and the oxidative stabilities of the encapsulated linoleic acid were higher for both the maltodextrin- and gum arabic-based microcapsules. 6-O-Capryloyl, caproyl, and lauroyl L-ascorbates, which were synthesized through lipase-catalyzed condensation in acetone, were also used for the microencapsulation of linoleic acid. Except for capryloyl L-ascorbate, the addition of a saturated acyl ascorbate, especially caproyl ascorbate, to linoleic acid was effective for preparing oil droplets of small particle diameter and for suppressing the oxidation of the encapsulated linoleic acid.  相似文献   

Effects of contact with wood on blood pressure and subjective evaluation     

Satoshi Sakuragawa  Tomoyuki Kaneko  Yoshifumi Miyazaki 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(2):107-113

This study examined the effects of contact with wood on the living human body using a physiological index and subjective evaluation. Consecutive blood pressure measurements were used as the physiological index, and sensory evaluation using the semantic differential (SD) method was used for subjective evaluation. Consideration was also given to cases in which materials were cooled and heated as well as kept at room temperature, to eliminate the effects of heat flux due to differences in thermal conductivity between wood and other materials. It was found that contact with wood produced coarse/natural sensations, with no associated increase in systolic blood pressure. Contact with cold wood created subjectively dangerous/uncomfortable but still coarse/natural sensations, also with no associated increase in blood pressure; therefore, there was no correspondence between subjective evaluation and physiological responses. Contact with aluminum kept at room temperature and cold acrylic plastic created flat/artificial and dangerous/uncomfortable sensations, with an associated significant increase in blood pressure; thus, there was a close correlation between subjective evaluation and physiological responses. It was therefore concluded that contact with wood, unlike artificial materials such as aluminum, induces no physiological stress even when kept at room temperature or cooled. Part of this report was presented at the 48th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society in Shizuoka, April 1998  相似文献   

Possible active transport mechanism in pharmacokinetics of flunixin-meglumin in rabbits   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Miyazaki Y  Horii Y  Ikenaga N  Shimoda M  Kokue E 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(8):885-888

The plasma and urine kinetics of flunixin-meglumin (FNX, 2 mg/kg, i.v.) in rabbits were examined. Unusual pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained, including high binding percentage with plasma protein (> 99%), a short elimination half-life (< 4 hr) and a relatively large Vd-area (0.5 L/kg). These profiles indicate that some active transport mechanisms are involved in FNX disposition. The recovery of FNX from urine was approximately 9 % of the dose within 24 hr following the injection. The estimated renal clearance of the unbound drug nearly corresponded to the renal blood flow rates, indicating that active tubular secretion in the renal re-absorptive tract may be involved in the disposition. The effect of a concomitant administration of pravastatin (PV) on FNX disposition was also examined. PV is a representative substrate of a transporter in human liver cells (OATP-2). After the PV administrations, the Vd-area of FNX and total body clearance markedly decreased, indicating that FNX is actively taken up and metabolized in liver cells by an OATP-2 like transporter. In conclusion, there are at least 2 active transport pathways for FNX pharmacokinetics in rabbits, one is renal tubular secretion and the other is in the sinusoidal section of the liver.  相似文献   

Isolation and purification of a protective protein antigen of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae     

Sato H  Miyazaki H  Sakakura H  Suzuki T  Saito H  Maehara N 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1999,46(2):73-84

The rapid growth and high survival rate of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was determined using a culture of the bacterium in tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.3% Tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane and 0.1% Tween 80 (TT-TS broth). High concentrations of 64, 66 and 43 kDa proteins, which are associated with protection against E. rhusiopathiae infection in mice, were obtained by alkaline treatment of whole cells using 0.05-1 N NaOH. The supernatant of alkaline treated cells (alkaline extract; AE) was stable at alkaline or neutral pH. However, aggregates appeared at neutral pH in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). A high yield of 64, 66 and 43 kDa proteins was obtained from strain Agata (serovar 5). The proteins were eluted from gel bands following SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the AE from strain Agata and designated P64 and P43. The amounts of P64 and P43 isolated were 0.7 and 0.3 mg/16 g of wet bacteria, respectively. In a mouse protection test, 50% protective doses (PD50) of P64 and P43 were 0.58 and 0.63 microgram, respectively. Upon Western blotting of the AE, both anti-P64 and anti-P43 antibodies reacted with the 64 and 43 kDa proteins. From these results, it is suggested that P64 is the most effective protective antigen and that P43 (43 kDa protein) is a degradation product of P64. Therefore, the 64 kDa structural proteins are associated with the induction of a protective activity against E. rhusiopathiae infection in mice.  相似文献   

In vitro but not in planta encapsidation of Rice gall dwarf virus core particles by the outer capsid P8 protein of Rice dwarf virus expressed in transgenic rice plants     

Kyoji Hagiwara  Takahiko Higashi  Kazunari Takahashi  Naho Hara  Hideyuki Aoki  Naoyuki Miyazaki  Qing-Yu Wang  Yafeng Zhu  Osamu Yatou  Hiroshi Tanaka  Toshihiro Omura 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(3):186-189

Transencapsidation of the Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) inner core by the Rice dwarf virus (RDV) outer capsid P8 protein was examined in vitro and in planta. When RGDV core particles were incubated with an extract from RDV P8-transgenic rice leaf tissue, RDV P8 encapsidated the RGDV core particles to form double-shelled virus-like particles in vitro. In contrast, when RDV P8-transgenic rice plants were inoculated with RGDV, progeny RGDV particles contained RGDV P8 but RDV P8 was not detectable in the virions. No significant differences were found in acquisition by the vector insects and subsequent transmission rates between RGDV infecting nontransgenic rice plants and those infecting RDV P8-transgenic rice plants. These results indicate that mechanisms of and/or requirements for interactions between P8 and the inner core particles of phytoreoviruses differ between in vitro and in planta.  相似文献   

Time-series variations of blood pressure due to contact with wood     

Takeshi Morikawa  Yoshifumi Miyazaki  Shigeo Kobayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(6):495-497

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