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1.
Identification of a diverse mini‐core panel of Indian rice germplasm based on genotyping using microsatellite markers 
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下载免费PDF全文 Kapil K. Tiwari Anshuman Singh Sasmita Pattnaik Maninder Sandhu Sukhdeep Kaur Sourabh Jain Sushma Tiwari Shweta Mehrotra Mahender Anumalla Rashmita Samal Jyoti Bhardwaj Neha Dubey Vikrant Sahu Gayle A. Kharshing Patu K. Zeliang Kadiri Sreenivasan Pankaj Kumar Swarup K. Parida Sevanthi V. A. Mithra Vandana Rai Wricha Tyagi Pawan K. Agrawal Atmakuri R. Rao Arunava Pattanayak Girish Chandel Ashok K. Singh Ishwari S. Bisht Kangila V. Bhat Gundimeda J. N. Rao Jitendra P. Khurana Nagendra K. Singh Trilochan Mohapatra 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(2):164-171
Identification of a small core germplasm set representing the available genetic diversity is essential for its proper evaluation and subsequent utilization in rice improvement programmes. For constituting a small diverse mini‐core panel of Indian rice germplasm, a representative set of 6912 accessions drawn based on their geographic origin from the whole rice germplasm collection available in the National Gene Bank was genotyped using 36 microsatellite markers. Automated fragment analysis of amplicons yielded a total of 435 alleles, with an average 12.4 and range of 3–29 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.08 (RGNMS190) to 0.86 (RM552) with an average of 0.528. Based on genotyping data, a mini‐core consisting of 98 genotypes was identified. Ninety‐four per cent of the alleles present in the core set were present in the mini‐core. The identified small but diverse panel will be useful for further intensive trait‐specific evaluation and utilization in allele mining. 相似文献
2.
Summary Random amplified polymorphic DNA markers were used to distinguish and characterize 20 Indian potato cultivars. A total of
198 scorable fragments were amplified using 10 random primers, only two of which were monomorphic. Similarity values among
the cultivars ranged from 0.33 to 0.80. A primer having resolving power above 7.4 was sufficient to distinguish all 20 cultivars.
Wide variations in band profiles were observed when the same template DNA was amplified using Taq DNA polymerase from four
different sources. No significant difference in profile complexity was observed at 40°C annealing temperature with a primer
having 70% GC content. Prior restriction of template DNA resulted in band profiles whose complexity was similar to or higher
than that of unrestricted template. However, multiplex RAPD with cleaved template DNA could not increase fingerprint complexity.
Publication No. 1666, CPRI. Shimla 相似文献
3.
Bacillus thuringiensis cry1Ab gene confers resistance to potato againstHelicoverpa armigera (Hubner)
S. K. Chakrabarti A. D. Mandaokar A. Shukla D. Pattanayak P. S. Naik R. P. Sharma P. A. Kumar 《Potato Research》2000,43(2):143-152
Summary
Helicoverpa armigera is one of the important insect pests adversely affecting the yield of potatoes in India. A synthetic gene encoding the insecticidal
crystal protein (Cry1Ab) ofBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been introduced into five genotypes of potato usingAgrobacterium tumefaciens. Southern analysis of DNA from transgenic plants confirmed the integration and copy number of the transgene. Double-antibody
quantitative sandwich ELISA analysis demonstrated high levels of Cry1Ab protein expression in transgenic plants. Insect bioassays
on the leaves of transgenic plants showed considerable protection against the larvae ofH. armigera in terms of leaf area consumed and larval weight reduction. 相似文献
4.
The effect of different levels of K application on the transformation of native as well as applied Zn fractions in a rice-growing soil was studied under two moisture regimes viz. waterlogged and alternate waterlogged and saturation. Application of K caused an increase in the water-soluble plus exchangeable, organically complexed and carbonates, and other acid-soluble mineral fractions of native soil Zn. Application of K also caused an increase in the transformation of applied Zn into all the above three fractions of the element in soil. The above effects of K were more pronounced in soil under waterlogged than under alternate waterlogged and non-waterlogged moisture regimes. The results of a greenhouse experiment showed that K application caused an increase in Zn uptake and per cent utilization of both native and added Zn by rice. This was attributed to the increase in the water-soluble plus exchangeable and organically complexed forms of Zn in soil due to K application. 相似文献
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Tanja Mucha-Pelzer Nitai Debnath Arunava Goswami Inga Mewis Christian Ulrichs 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2008,60(1):23-28
The present work deals with the insecticidal efficacy of different modified natural silica products against the field pests Epilachna vigintioctopunctata (F.) and Spodoptera litura (F.). The substances “Fossil Shield® 90.0s”, “Advasan®” as well as different formulations of a silica-derived substance named “AL06” (developed in the section Urban Horticulture, Humboldt-University Berlin) were dusted into gauze-covered cages. In each cage, test insects were placed and mortality measured over time. A 100% mortality rate was archieved two days after treatment of adult E. vigintioctopunctata and S. litura larvae with some silica “AL06”-formulations. In contrast, mortality rate for E. vigintioctopunctata larva was only 30 to 70% after two days of treatment. Mortality rate was dose dependend, even though a linear correlation could not be found. Furthermore, the commercial substance “Advasan®” was able to control the horticultural pest E. vigintioctopunctata within 48 hours successfully. For future horticultural applications, possible phytotoxic side effects of silica dusts and an application technology resulting in adequate leaf coverage have to be considered. 相似文献
7.
Christian Ulrichs Inga Mewis Sujit Adhikary Atanu Bhattacharyya Arunava Goswami 《Journal of pest science》2008,81(2):79-84
Antifeeding and toxic effects of chemical extracts from Porteresia coarctata Takeoka on the insect pest Spodoptera litura (F.) were investigated in the laboratory. Hexane extracts of P. coarctata leaves were re-dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and applied in water to leaves of Ricinus communis L. (castor). A concentration of 1,000 and 2,000 ppm extract exhibited significant antifeeding and toxic effects to third
instar larvae when compared to the same concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in water as control. One day after feeding on
extract-treated castor leaves, the mortality of S. litura larvae was 50%. Mortality increased to 95% after 11 days at a dosage of 2,000 ppm. Compared to the control, third instar
larvae fed on castor leaves treated with P. coarctata leaf extract at different concentrations showed significant reduction in protein and DNA content in the fat body and midgut
tissues. Results demonstrate the insecticidal and antifeedant properties of P. coarctata leaf extract against the generalist pest S. litura leading to biochemical changes in the insect body. Thus, P. coarctata contains phytochemicals, and the extract, in crude and pure form, has potential as a botanical insecticide in alternative
control strategies against Lepidoptera pests. 相似文献
8.
Gyandeep Gupta Arunava Chatterjee Munish Kumar Parimal Sardar Tincy Varghese Prem Prakash Srivastava Subodh Gupta 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(3):1190-1199
The study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and physio‐metabolic responses of single and multiple doses of fenbendazole (FBZ) in Labeo rohita against gill parasite (Dacylogyrus sp.). Two Isoenergetic (395 Kcal DE/100 g) and isonitrogenous (35% CP) purified diets viz. control (without FBZ) and treatment (0.2% FBZ) were prepared. The efficacy of FBZ was measured after administration of single dose (20 mg/kg b. wt.) on 0th day and multiple doses of FBZ, that is, 20 mg/kg b. wt. on 0th, 3rd and 7th day through diet. Although oral administration of FBZ at single dose could significantly reduce the parasite in fish in comparison with the control group, 100% efficacy of the drug was not achieved up to 15th day of treatment. On the other hand, multiple doses of FBZ could show almost 100% efficacy on 15th day in terms of elimination of parasites from gill. The drug induced oxidative stress in examined fish. There was no significant change in activities of hepatic and muscle aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase of L. rohita up to 15th day after oral administration of FBZ at single dose. But both single and multiple doses of FBZ could significantly enhance the hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione‐S‐transferase activities in fish up to 7th day of drug administration and significantly decreased thereafter up to 15th and/or 30th day. It is concluded that oral administration of FBZ at multiple doses (20 mg/kg b. wt.) on 1st, 3rd and 7th day could be effective against Dactylogyrus sp. infection in L. rohita. 相似文献
9.
Genetic diversity of late blight resistant and susceptible Indian potato cultivars revealed by RAPD markers 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Twenty-four tetraploid Indian potato cultivars were characterized by using RAPD markers to assess diversity within and between
late blight resistant and susceptible cultivars. Sixty-four random decamer primers generated802 fragments, ranging in size
from 60–3200 bp, with 96.4% fragment polymorphism. Shannon's index of diversity was used to quantify the degree of variability
present within and between the variety types. Most of the diversity was detected within variety types, with 88% of variation
being within and 12% being between the resistant and susceptible cultivars. No clear groupings based on late blight resistance
and susceptibility or kinship was reflected on the dendogram. The late blight resistant cultivars exhibited higher variability
compared to susceptible cultivars and they were more dispersed on the PCO plot.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Nitai Debnath Sumistha Das Dipankar Seth Ramesh Chandra Somesh Ch. Bhattacharya Arunava Goswami 《Journal of pest science》2011,84(1):99-105
Fumigants and residual insecticides are commonly used to combat stored grain pests. In recent years, consumer awareness of
the health hazard from residual toxicity and the growing problem of insect resistance to these conventional insecticides have
led the researchers to look for alternative strategies for stored grains protection. For example, diatomaceous earth (DE)
can be effective against stored grain insects. In this study, DE was used to design amorphous nano sized hydrophilic, hydrophobic,
and lipophilic silica in 15–30 nm size range. Nanocides are expected to reduce the volume of application and kinetics of development
of resistance in pests. We hypothesized that surface-functionalized silica nanoparticle (SNP) might be a viable alternative
to conventional pesticides. Entomotoxicity of SNP was tested against rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae and its efficacy was compared with bulk-sized silica (individual particles larger than 1 μm). Amorphous SNP was found to
be highly effective against this insect pest causing more than 90% mortality, indicating the effectiveness of SNP to control
insect pests. 相似文献