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1.
Chemical composition, iron bioavailability, and antioxidant activity of Kappaphycus alvarezzi (Doty)
Fayaz M Namitha KK Murthy KN Swamy MM Sarada R Khanam S Subbarao PV Ravishankar GA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(3):792-797
Kappaphycus alvarezzi, an edible seaweed from the west coast of India, was analyzed for its chemical composition. It was found that K. alvarezzi is rich in protein (16.24% w/w) and contains a high amount of fiber (29.40% w/w) and carbohydrates (27.4% w/w). K. alvarezzi showed vitamin A activity of 865 mug retinal equivalents/100 g of sample. It contained a higher quantity of unsaturated fatty acids (44.50% of the total), in which relative percentage of oleic acid was 11%, cis-heptadecanoic acid 13.50%, and linoleic acid 2.3% and 37.0% of saturated fatty acids (mainly heptadecanoic acid). K. alvarezziwas also found to be good source of minerals, viz 0.16% of calcium, 0.033% of iron, and 0.016% of zinc, which are essential for various vital biological activities. Bioavailability of iron by in vitro methods showed a higher efficiency in intestinal conditions than in stomach conditions. Ascorbic acid influenced higher bioavailability of iron. Successive extracts of n-hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and direct extractables of chloroform/methanol (1:1 and 2:1) were screened for antioxidant activity using a beta-carotene linoleic acid model system (B-CLAMS), DPPH (alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl) model system and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The chloroform/methanol (2:1) extract has shown 82.5% scavenging activity at 1000 ppm. Acetone fraction extracts at the 1000 ppm level showed 63.31% antioxidant activity in beta-carotene linoleic acid system. The acetone extract showed 46.04% scavenging activity at 1000 ppm concentration. In the case of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, all the extracts showed better activity at the concentrations of 25 and 50 ppm, where at the 50 ppm level ethyl acetate extract showed 76.0%, acetone 75.12%, and hexane 71.15% activity, respectively. Results of this study suggest the utility of K. alvarezzi (Eucheuma) for various nutritional products, including antioxidant for use as health food or nutraceutical supplement. 相似文献
2.
S. Murali Mohan R. Madhusudhana K. Mathur D. V. N. Chakravarthi Sanjay Rathore R. Nagaraja Reddy K. Satish G. Srinivas N. Sarada Mani N. Seetharama 《Euphytica》2010,176(2):199-211
Forage sorghum cultivars grown in India are susceptible to various foliar diseases, of which anthracnose, rust, zonate leaf
spot, drechslera leaf blight and target leaf spot cause severe damage. We report here the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring
resistance to these foliar diseases. QTL analysis was undertaken using 168 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of a cross between a female parental line 296B (resistant) and a germplasm accession IS18551
(susceptible). RILs and parents were evaluated in replicated field trials in two environments. A total of twelve QTLs for
five foliar diseases on three sorghum linkage groups (SBI-03, SBI-04 and SBI-06) were detected, accounting for 6.9–44.9% phenotypic
variance. The morphological marker Plant color (Plcor) was associated with most of the QTL across years and locations. The QTL information generated in this study will aid in
the transfer of foliar disease resistance into elite susceptible sorghum breeding lines through marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
3.
Different parts of Costus speciosus were investigated for their polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. 相似文献
4.
Krishnan Sarada Matsumoto Tracie Nagai Chifumi Falconer James Shriner Suzanne Long Jennifer Medrano Juan F. Vega Fernando E. 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(7):2711-2711
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - The correct article title is provided here, Vulnerability of coffee (Coffea spp.) genetic resources in the United States. 相似文献
5.
Rao AR Sarada R Baskaran V Ravishankar GA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(13):4593-4599
Botryococcus braunii is a green colonial microalga that is used mainly for the production of hydrocarbons, exopolysaccharides, and carotenoids. In the present study, the antioxidant properties of acetone extracts of B. braunii were evaluated using in vitro model systems such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxy radical scavenging, and lipid peroxidation in human low-density lipoprotein and rat tissues. Acetone extracts of B. braunii (equivalent to 10 ppm total carotenoid) exhibited 71 and 67% antioxidant activity in DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging model systems, respectively. Similarly, the extract also showed 72, 71, and 70% antioxidant activity in the liver, brain, and kidney of rats. Low-density lipoprotein oxidation induced by Cu2+ ions was also protected (22, 38, and 51%) by the algal extract in a dose-dependent manner (4, 6, and 8 ppm levels of total carotenoid). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration in the blood, liver, and kidney of rats was also significantly decreased in B. braunii treated samples compared with those of control. Carotenoids (violaxanthin, astaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, chlorophylls a and b, and alpha, beta-carotene) identified in the B. braunii acetone extract may be exhibiting antioxidant activity. Among the carotenoids, lutein represents more than 75% of the total carotenoids. B. braunii extract was shown to be effective for protecting biological systems against various oxidative stresses in vitro. This is the first report on the antioxidant properties of B. braunii. 相似文献
6.
Krishnan Sarada Matsumoto Tracie Nagai Chifumi Falconer James Shriner Suzanne Long Jennifer Medrano Juan F. Vega Fernando E. 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(7):2691-2710
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Coffee is one of the most important agricultural commodities worldwide, significantly contributing to the economies of many coffee-producing countries.... 相似文献
7.
Sarada R Vidhyavathi R Usha D Ravishankar GA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(20):7585-7588
Haematococcus pluvialis is one of the potent organisms for production of astaxanthin, a high value ketocarotenoid. Astaxanthin is accumulated in thick-walled cyst cells of Haematococcus. The thick cell wall is made up of sporopollenin-like material, algaenan, which hinders solvent extraction of astaxanthin. In the present study, an improved method for extraction of astaxanthin without homogenization of cells is reported. Extractability of astaxanthin from cyst cells was evaluated by treating cells with various solvents and pretreating the cells with organic and mineral acids at 70 degrees C followed by acetone extraction. Hydrochloric acid treatment facilitated 86-94% extractability of astaxanthin. Treatment time, temperature, and concentration of the acid were found to be critical factors for maximum extractability. The treatment did not affect the astaxanthin ester profile and the treated cells can be preserved until further use. 相似文献
8.
We isolated the essential oils from Boswellia ovalifoliolata N.P.Balakr and A.N.Henry using hydrodistillation, identified the obtained compounds using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and studied the photophysical and electrochemical properties using UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. On the basis of GC–MS spectra, 38 compounds were identified in the essential oil from leaves and 26 in the oil from bark. The bark oil contained 13.44% β-Farnesene (sesquiterpene), 10.45% caryophyllene oxide (sesquiterpene) and 6.6% spathulenol, (2Z,6E)-(sesquiterpene alcohol); the leaf oil contained 11.1% spathulenol (sesquiterpene alcohol), 9.0% caryophyllene oxide (sesquiterpenoids) and 6.3% decyl acetate (ester). FT-IR spectra confirmed the presence of aliphatic aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acid, alcohols, esters and ethers in both oil types. UV–visible absorption spectra showed maximum absorbance at 245, 290 and 402 nm for bark oil, and 250, 285 and 325 nm for leaf. Bark oil showed strong emission with maximum emission wavelength at 456 nm was higher than that of leaf oil at 414 nm. The essential oil had significant anti-inflammatory activity, and the reduction potential of the leaf oil was ?0.44 and ?0.56 eV for bark. 相似文献
9.
Raktim Sarmah Sarada Kanta Bhagabati Rajdeep Dutta Dipanka Nath Hemanta Pokhrel Lawonu P. Mudoi Nishi Sarmah Jiten Sarma Abdul M. Ahmed Rupam Jyoti Nath Lucy Ingtipi Kedolhouse Kuotsu 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(9):3839-3846
The synthetic antioxidant 3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxytoluene (BHT) is widely used as an additive in the food, cosmetic and plastic industries to increase the tenability of food and plastic for the past 70 years. BHT is degraded to 3,5‐di‐test‐butyl‐4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde (BHT‐CHO) in mammals, as well as in the natural environment such as in river and water. The average daily intake of BHT for human being is estimated to be 0.3 mg/kg body weight. Even though it is considered safe for human at authorized level, but its ubiquitous presence in the aquatic environment and the controversial toxicological data are of great concern for human as well as aquatic life. The experimental findings of zebrafish embryo toxicity test (ZFET) showed that the acute toxicity of 96‐hr (LC50) exposure during the embryogenic stage was found to be 4.388 mg/L and the effective concentration (EC50) was 1.375 mg/L. The reduce heart rate from the sublethal concentrations indicates the chemical to be cardiotoxic but a further review is to be needed. The Teratogenic Index (TI) calculated to be 3.19, which implies the compound may be a potential teratogen in aquatic life. The findings obtained in this study will stretch more evidence regarding developmental toxicity of BHT, which will be of much importance in further risk assessment of ecotoxicological studies. 相似文献