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1.
Govindasamy Rajakumar Abdul Abdul Rahuman Kanayairam Velayutham Jeyaraman Ramyadevi Kadarkaraithangam Jeyasubramanian Arumugam Marikani Gandhi Elango Chinnaperumal Kamaraj Thirunavukkarasu Santhoshkumar Sampath Marimuthu Abdul Abduz Zahir Asokan Bagavan Chidambaram Jayaseelan Arivarasan Vishnu Kirthi Moorthy Iyappan Chinnadurai Siva 《Veterinary parasitology》2013,191(3-4):332-339
The present study was on assessment of the anti-parasitic activities of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) against the larvae of cattle ticks Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and Hyalomma anatolicum (a.) anatolicum (Acari: Ixodidae), fourth instar larvae of Anopheles subpictus, Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex gelidus (Diptera: Culicidae). The metallic Ni NPs were synthesized by polyol process from Ni-hydrazine as precursor and Tween 80 as both the medium and the stabilizing reagent. The synthesized Ni NPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis which indicated the presence of Ni NPs. Synthesized Ni NPs showed the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks at 42.76°, 53.40°, and 76.44°, identified as 1 1 1, 2 2 0, and 2 0 0 reflections, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the synthesized Ni NPs clearly showed that the Ni NPs were spherical in shape with an average size of 150 nm. The Ni NPs showed maximum activity against the larvae of R. (B.) microplus, H. a. anatolicum, A. subpictus, C. quinquefasciatus and C. gelidus with LC50 values of 10.17, 10.81, 4.93, 5.56 and 4.94 mg/L; r2 values of 0.990, 0.993, 0.992, 0.950 and 0.988 and the efficacy of Ni-hydrazine complexes showed the LC50 values of 20.35, 22.72, 8.29, 9.69 and 7.83 mg/L; r2 values of 0.988, 0.986, 0.989, 0.944 and 0.978, respectively. The findings revealed that synthesized Ni NPs possess excellent larvicidal parasitic activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on larvicidal activity of blood feeding parasites using synthesized Ni NPs. 相似文献
2.
Anti-oxidant status in embryonic,post-hatch and larval stages of Asian seabass (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lates calcarifer</Emphasis>) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kalaimani N Chakravarthy N Shanmugham R Thirunavukkarasu AR Alavandi SV Santiago TC 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2008,34(2):151-158
The concentrations of anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and selenium-dependent glutathione
peroxidase (SeGPx), and low molecular weight free-radical scavengers such as reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
were evaluated during the period from gastrulation (GS) to 25 days post-hatch (dph) in the larvae of Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer. Oxidative damage due to lipid peroxidation (LPO) was also assessed, by evaluation of the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA).
All the three anti-oxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT and GPx, showed high activities during gastrulation, suggesting an increased
metabolic rate during the period of embryonic development. Though the SOD activity apparently decreased progressively during
3–20 dph of larval development, the difference was not significant. CAT showed high activity during gastrulation and remained
constant up to 3 dph, suggesting an increased need to metabolise hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and organic peroxides. In contrast, SeGPx activity increased progressively from 5 dph to 25 dph during larval development,
indicating an increased need to detoxify lipid peroxides. This is evident from the observation of increased lipid peroxidation
from 10 dph to 25 dph during larval development. GSH levels were low at gastrulation, indicating increased metabolic rate
and formation of lipid radicals during this period, corresponding to the decrease in the level of ascorbic acid, which is
consumed for regeneration of GSH. 相似文献
3.
Jagadeeswaran R Thirunavukkarasu C Gunasekaran P Ramamurty N Sakthisekaran D 《Fitoterapia》2000,71(4):395-399
Crocetin (5-20 microg/ml), quercetin (10-40 microg/ml), and cisplatin (60-180 microg/ml) used as a positive control drug, were tested against human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells and African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells. The cell viability, morphological changes, and lactate dehydrogenase activity were assessed. RD cell growth was found to be inhibited dose dependently by the three tested compounds. Morphological observation by phase contrast microscopy revealed that both crocetin and quercetin caused intense damage only on the malignant (RD) cells, whereas mild toxic effect was seen with cisplatin also on normal (Vero) cells. 相似文献
4.
Hari S. Gupta Babu Raman Pawan K. Agrawal Vinay Mahajan Firoz Hossain Nepolean Thirunavukkarasu 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(1):77-82
Vivek Maize Hybrid 9‐ a popular single‐cross hybrid developed by crossing CM 212 and CM 145 was released for commercial cultivation in India. The parental lines, being deficient in lysine and tryptophan, were selected for introgression of opaque‐2 allele using CML 180 and CML 170 as donor lines through marker‐assisted backcross breeding. The opaque‐2 homozygous recessive genotypes with >90% recovery of the recurrent parent genome were selected in BC2F2, and the seeds with <25% opaqueness in BC2F3 were forwarded for seed multiplication. Vivek Quality Protein Maize (QPM) 9, the improved QPM hybrid, showed 41% increase in tryptophan and 30% increase in lysine over the original hybrid. The grain yield of the improved hybrid was on par with the original hybrid. The newly improved QPM maize hybrid released in 2008 will help in reducing the protein malnutrition because its biological value is superior over the normal maize hybrids. This short duration QPM maize hybrid has been adopted in several hill states of North Western and North Eastern Himalayan regions. 相似文献
5.
Development,distribution and expression of a DNA vaccine against nodavirus in Asian Seabass,Lates calcarifier (Bloch, 1790) 
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下载免费PDF全文 S Vimal M A Farook N Madan S Abdul Majeed K S N Nambi G Taju N Sundar raj S Venu R Subburaj A R Thirunavukkarasu A S Sahul Hameed 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(4):1209-1220
Fish nodavirus (betanodavirus), a viral pathogen responsible for viral nervous necrosis (VNN) was isolated from infected Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer). The distribution, clearance and expression of nodavirus vaccine, on the basis of DNA vaccine (pFNCPE42 DNA‐pcDNA3.1) construction, were analysed in tissues of the Asian seabass by PCR, RT‐PCR, ELISA and Immunohistochemistry. Fish immunized with a single intramuscular injection of 20 μg of the pFNCPE42‐DNA vaccine showed a significant increase in the serum antibody level in the 3rd week after vaccination, compared to control eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 vaccinated fish. Results from PCR studies indicated that the vaccine‐containing plasmids were distributed in heart, intestine, gill, muscle and liver 10 days after vaccination. Clearance of pFNCPE42‐DNA vaccine was studied at 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 days of post vaccination (d p.v). At 100 days p.v. pFNCPE42‐DNA was cleared from muscle of vaccinated sea bass. In vitro and in vivo expression of fish nodavirus capsid protein gene (FNCP) was determined by fluorescent microscopy. Asian seabass was immunized with pFNCPE42‐DNA vaccine at a dose of 20 μg per fish and were challenged with betanodavirus by intramuscular injection. The vaccinated seabass was protected from nodaviral infection and 77.33% of relative percent survival (RPS) was recorded. 相似文献
6.
J. Syama Dayal S. Ahamad Ali A.R. Thirunavukkarasu M. Kailasam R. Subburaj 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2003,29(2):141-147
Fertilized eggs and developing larvae of hatchery reared Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), were analyzed to determine the changes occurring in their proximate and amino acid (AA) composition. The fertilized
dry egg weighed 31 μg and contained 13.71 μg (44%) protein, 8.48 μg (27%) lipid and 0.657 J of gross energy. Dry weight decreased
by 39% during hatching. The protein, lipid and carbohydrate nutrients decreased by 4.86, 4.15 and 0.09 μg, respectively from
egg to 2-days post hatching (dph) larvae (pre-feeding). The protein content of the spawned eggs and larvae were hydrolysed
to AA in the laboratory. The fertilized eggs had a total AA content of 42% of their dry weight. The egg contained 1.287 μg,
1.132 μg, 0.964 μg, 0.942 μg, 0.787 μg and 0.713 μg of leucine, lysine, arginine, valine, threonine and phenylalanine, respectively
and these six indispensable amino acids (IAA) constituted approximately 78% of the total IAA. In the early feeding stages
of L. calcarifer larvae, the ratio of IAA/DAA increased from 0.797 in the pre-feeding stage to 1.632 after 2 days of feeding. During larval
growth of L. calcarifer, the percentage contribution of isoleucine and leucine to total IAA contents increased, while it decreased for lysine, phenyl
alanine and arginine. L. calcarifer larvae were found to have proteins, which are rich in glutamic acid, leucine and lysine, and poor in threonine and histidine,
suggesting high dietary leucine and lysine IAA requirement.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
Gouranga Biswas Tapas K Ghoshal Maruthamuthu Natarajan Arunachalam R Thirunavukkarasu Jitendra K Sundaray Muniyandi Kailasam Debasis De Krishna Sukumaran Prem Kumar Alphis G Ponniah 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(8):1266-1276
With the objective to develop an indoor tank seed rearing system for pearlspot (Etroplus suratensis), effects of three stocking densities in presence or absence of soil base were evaluated on growth, weight variation, survival and body composition in a 60‐day trial. The experiment had a 3 × 2 factorial design with three levels of stocking density (150, 300 and 450 fish m?3) and two levels of soil base (with and without) in triplicates. Pearlspot fry (27.5 ± 0.5 mm/0.39 ± 0.02 g) were stocked in experimental tanks (Length×Breadth×Height: 0.65 × 0.50 × 0.48 m) and fed with a formulated diet containing 29.85% crude protein. Increasing the stocking density from 150 to 450 fish m?3 significantly decreased the growth (average body weight and total length), daily weight gain, specific growth rate and survival (P < 0.001) and increased the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.01). Significantly lower growth and survival were observed in treatment having soil base compared with that of without soil base (P < 0.001). However, coefficients of variation at harvest weight and body composition of fingerlings were independent to stocking density and presence or absence of soil base (P > 0.05). A significant positive interaction effect of stocking density and presence or absence of soil base was observed on average body weight (P < 0.05) and survival (P < 0.001) of pearlspot fingerlings. This study suggests that stocking density of 150 fish m?3 without soil base in tanks would be appropriate for raising pearlspot fingerlings in brackishwater indoor seed rearing system. 相似文献
8.
9.
S. Thirunavukkarasu K. M. Plain K. de Silva B. J. Marais R. J. Whittington 《Zoonoses and public health》2017,64(6):401-422
Mycobacterial infections remain a public health problem. Historically important, globally ubiquitous and with a wide host range, we are still struggling to control mycobacterial infections in humans and animals. While previous reviews have focused on individual mycobacterial infections in either humans or animals, a comprehensive review of the zoonotic aspect of mycobacteria in the context of the One Health initiative is lacking. With the purpose of providing a concise and comprehensive resource, we have collated literature to address the zoonotic potential of different mycobacterial species and elaborate on the necessity for an inter‐sectorial approach to attain a new vision to combat mycobacterial infections. 相似文献
10.
Influence of rare alleles of β‐carotene hydroxylase and lycopene epsilon cyclase genes on accumulation of provitamin A carotenoids in maize kernels 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Rajkumar U. Zunjare Firoz Hossain Vignesh Muthusamy Aanchal Baveja Hema S. Chauhan Nepolean Thirunavukkarasu Supradip Saha Hari S. Gupta 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(6):872-880
Vitamin A deficiency is one of the major health problems worldwide. Traditional yellow maize possesses very low provitamin A (proA) concentration in endosperm. The influence of rare alleles of β‐carotene hydroxylase (crtRB1) and lycopene epsilon cyclase (lcyE) genes capable of enhancing proA concentration was studied in four BC2F2 populations generated using subtropical inbreds and CIMMYT‐HarvestPlus lines. The occurrence of severe segregation distortion for crtRB1 gene was observed, while lcyE gene was segregated as per Mendelian ratio. Genotype with favourable allele of crtRB1 (CC) had a significant effect on β‐carotene (BC) (7.9‐fold), β‐cryptoxanthin (BCX) (twofold) and proA (5.5‐fold) accumulation, compared to unfavourable genotype (C+C+). Genotype with favourable allele of lcyE (LL) showed 2.1‐fold, 1.6‐fold and twofold significant enhancement in BC, BCX and proA, respectively, over unfavourable genotype (L+L+) in pooled analysis. Of the nine genotypes, double homozygote (CC/LL) had the highest mean BC (12.60 μg/g), BCX (4.44 μg/g) and proA (14.82 μg/g), and combined effect was significantly better than individual gene effects or any other combinations. The information generated here would be useful in designing strategy for proA enrichment in subtropical maize. 相似文献