排序方式： 共有3条查询结果，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1
1.
Robooni Tumuhimbise Rob Melis Paul Shanahan 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(9):1333-1342
Cassava storage roots start deteriorating 1 to 3 days after harvest due to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) which reduces the potential of cassava as a commercial crop. The objective of this study was to examine the extent of genetic variability in cassava for PPD. Genetic variability is important in selecting suitable genotypes for crop improvement. Twelve cassava genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design at three different locations in Uganda for five different harvest times, and PPD assessment was done 7 days after each harvest time. Genotype, location, harvest time, genotype × harvest time and harvest time × location were highly significantly different for PPD. Estimates of phenotypic, genotypic and environmental variance components revealed that a large portion of the phenotypic variance was accounted for by the genotypic component which is an indication of substantial genetic variability among the test genotypes for PPD. This genetic variability is important in a breeding programme because it indicates that significant genetic gain through phenotypic selection is possible for PPD. The results give guidance to breeding efforts for improved shelf life of cassava storage roots. 相似文献
2.
Gaston A. Tumuhimbise Agnes Namutebi John H. Muyonga 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(4):312-318
Orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) has been identified as a good source of β-carotene but the β-carotene bioaccessibility is affected by processing. In this study, the effect of traditional heat processing methods on the microstructure and in vitro bioaccessibility of β-carotene from OFSP were investigated. Bioaccessibility was determined using simulated in vitro digestion model followed by membrane filtration to separate the micellar fraction containing bioaccessible β-carotene. Processing led to decrease in the amount of all-trans-β-carotene and increase in 13-cis-β-carotene. Processed OFSP had significantly higher (P?<?0.05) bioaccessible β-carotene compared to the raw forms. Bioaccessibility varied with processing treatments in the order; raw < baked < steamed/boiled < deep fried. Light microscopy showed that the microstructure of OFSP was disrupted by the processing methods employed. The cell walls of OFSP were sloughed by the traditional heat processing methods applied. The findings show that heat processing improves bioaccessibility of β-carotene in OFSP and this was probably due to disruption of the tissue microstructure. 相似文献
3.
Moureen Nansamba Julia Sibiya Robooni Tumuhimbise Deborah Karamura Jerome Kubiriba Eldad Karamura 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(4):685-696
Drought is a major abiotic stress affecting banana production worldwide, leading to yield losses of up to 65%. Consequently, numerous efforts to understand and mitigate drought effects that include developing tolerant crop varieties are ongoing in several banana breeding programmes. The breeding efforts, however, have been greatly slowed down by inherent banana problems (polyploidy and male or female sterility) and complexity of drought tolerance (reportedly controlled by several genes). This review summarizes the pertinent research findings on water requirements of banana for its proper growth and productivity, symptoms of drought-sensitive varieties and field management strategies to cope with drought stress. The coping strategies deployed by resistant cultivars include high assimilation rates and water retention capacity as well as minor losses in leaf area and gaseous exchange. Reduced bunch weight, leaf chlorosis, wilting and strangled birth are underlined to be directly associated with drought susceptibility. Integration of conventional, molecular breeding and biotechnological tools as well as exploitation of the existing banana genetic diversity presents a huge opportunity for successful banana improvement. 相似文献
1