Seroepidemiological survey of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in sheep in Japan using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunodiffusion     

S Chikamatsu  H K Zhao  N Kikuchi  T Hiramune 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(5):887-891

Sera from 1186 apparently healthy sheep in Hokkaido were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunodiffusion (ID) for the presence of antibodies against Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. ELISA-positives were 466 (39.3%) while ID-positives were 330 (27.8%). Spread of caseous lymphadenitis in sheep in Hokkaido was thus clarified. Although ID was less sensitive than ELISA in detecting the antibodies against C. pseudotuberculosis it did not give any non-specific reaction. From the results and in view of the simplicity of the test procedure, ID was found to be of practical diagnostic value. Distribution by age group of anti-C. pseudotuberculosis antibodies in 758 sheep in a herd detected by both tests showed that the ratio of positives was low in sheep aged less than 1 year, and the ratio increased significantly in those aged 1 year and continued to increase with age until it reached a plateau at the age of 4-5 years.  相似文献   

Catalog of Micro-Tom tomato responses to common fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens     

Hideki Takahashi  Ayano Shimizu  Tsutomu Arie  Syofi Rosmalawati  Sumire Fukushima  Mari Kikuchi  Yasufumi Hikichi  Ayami Kanda  Akiko Takahashi  Akinori Kiba  Kohei Ohnishi  Yuki Ichinose  Fumiko Taguchi  Chihiro Yasuda  Motoichiro Kodama  Mayumi Egusa  Chikara Masuta  Hiroyuki Sawada  Daisuke Shibata  Koichi Hori  Yuichiro Watanabe 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(1):8-22

Lycopersicon esculentum cultivar Micro-Tom is a miniature tomato with many advantages for studies of the molecular biology and physiology of plants. To evaluate the suitability of Micro-Tom as a host plant for the study of pathogenesis, Micro-Tom plants were inoculated with 16 well-known fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens of tomato. Athelia rolfsii, Botryotinia fuckeliana, Oidium sp., Phytophthora infestans, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum caused typical symptoms and sporulated abundantly on Micro-Tom. Micro-Tom was resistant to Alternaria alternata, Corynespora cassiicola, and Fusarium oxysporum. When Micro-Tom was inoculated with 17 isolates of Ralstonia solanacearum, many isolates induced wilt symptoms. Agrobacterium tumefaciens also was pathogenic, causing crown galls on stem tissue after needle prick inoculation. In Micro-Tom sprayed with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, P. s. pv. tabaci, or P. s. pv. glycinea, bacterial populations did not increase, and yellow lesions appeared only on leaves sprayed with P. s. pv. tomato. Tomato mosaic virus, Tomato aspermy virus, and Cucumber mosaic virus systemically infected Micro-Tom, which developed symptoms characteristic of other cultivars of tomato after infection with the respective virus. These results indicated that Micro-Tom was generally susceptible to most of the important tomato pathogens and developed typical symptoms, whereas certain pathogens were restricted by either hypersensitive resistance or nonhost resistance on Micro-Tom. Therefore, an assortment of Micro-Tom–pathogen systems should provide excellent models for studying the mechanism of susceptible and resistant interactions between plants and pathogens.  相似文献   

Homolog of FlhDC, a master regulator for flagellum synthesis: required for pathogenicity in Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora     

Hiroyuki Matsumoto  Masahiro Umehara  Hironobu Muroi  Yoshimasa Yoshitake  Shinji Tsuyumu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(3):189-193

 Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc) is a causal agent of soft-rot diseases in a wide variety of plants. Here, we have isolated nonmotile mutants in Ecc by in vivo insertional mutagenesis using a transposon Tn5. The sequence disrupted by the Tn5 insertion in YMU1 and YMU5 mutants was highly homologous to that of flhC and flhD genes, respectively. They are involved in the initiation of the expression of flagellum-related genes in many gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. With electron microscopy, the flhC and the flhD homolog mutants were shown to be aflagellate. Furthermore, the virulence of these mutants was greatly reduced in Chinese cabbage and potato compared to that of the parental strain. These results suggest that flagellar formation is required for the pathogenicity of Ecc. Received: November 5, 2002 / Accepted: December 2, 2002 Acknowledgments This research was supported in part by Grant-in-Aid (12052210) and by a grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (13073).  相似文献   

A canine case of skull base meningioma treated with hydroxyurea     

Tamura S  Tamura Y  Ohoka A  Hasegawa T  Uchida K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1313-1315

An 11-year-old female miniature schnauzer was tentatively diagnosed with the skull base meningioma, based on several examinations. Because surgical treatment was difficult, and outpatient radiation therapy was not available in the local area, chemotherapy with hydroxyurea combined with dexamethasone was selected. The patient's clinical symptoms improved after one week of treatment, and the tumor size was obviously reduced on MRI performed 37 days after treatment began. The patient received hydroxyurea for 7 months, with symptoms remaining stable, and the tumor re-increased to almost the same size at 7 months as that at the initial examination. At that time, hydroxyurea was discontinued. The patient died from pulmonary edema 14 months after treatment began. Pathologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a meningioma.  相似文献   

Effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol in diesel exhaust particles on the regulation of reproductive function in immature female Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)     

Li C  Takahashi S  Taneda S  Furuta C  Watanabe G  Suzuki AK  Taya K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(3):673-678

In a previous study, we found that 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (PNMC), a component of diesel exhaust particles and also a degradation product of the insecticide fenitrothion, exhibits reproductive toxicity in the adult male Japanese quail. The present study investigated the toxicity of PNMC in the female Japanese quail and its ability to influence reproduction in immature females. The quail (21-day-old) were injected intramuscularly (im) with PNMC at doses 0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg body weight daily for 3 days. There was no significant difference in body growth between the PNMC-administered and control birds. However, the weights of the oviducts were significantly lower in the PNMC-treated birds at all doses. Furthermore, the plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol-17 beta were significantly decreased with 1 and 10 mg/kg of PNMC. These findings suggest that PNMC might influence the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis with decreasing in secretion of GnRH, LH and ovarian steroid hormones and subsequently disturb growth of the reproductive organs of immature female quail. This study indicates that PNMC induces reproductive toxicity at the central level and disrupts reproductive function in the immature female quail.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of A2 and D strains of Soybean mosaic virus, which caused a recent virus outbreak in soybean cultivar Sachiyutaka in Chugoku and Shikoku regions of Japan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Masayasu Saruta  Akio Kikuchi  Akinori Okabe  Takahide Sasaya 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(6):431-435

Coat protein sequences of two isolates in strain A₂ and five isolates in strain D of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), which caused a recent mosaic outbreak in soybeans (cv. Sachiyutaka) in Chugoku and Shikoku in Japan, were compared to published data on 15 other Asian-origin isolates. Sequence comparison and cluster analysis showed that SMV isolates of strain A₂ from these districts were closely related, as were those of strain D, but strains A₂ and D were not. Thus, the two strains may have different origins and be carried through seed transmission.  相似文献   

Allele frequencies of the extension locus encoding the melanocortin-1 receptor in Japanese and Korean cattle   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Shinji SASAZAKI  Munehiro USUI  Hideyuki MANNEN  Chihiro HIURA  Soichi TSUJI 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(2):129-132

In order to estimate the influence of the Extension (E) locus in cattle coat color, the melanocortin‐1 receptor (MC1R) gene in Japanese Black, Japanese Brown and Korean (Hanwoo) cattle were sequenced. The sequences of the coding region revealed three alleles (E^D, E⁺ and e), which were previously reported. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed to investigate the gene frequencies of the three breeds. Japanese Black was almost composed of E^D and E⁺ individuals, E^D = 0.481 and E⁺ = 0.514, and no homozygous e/e, therefore that is consistent with the hypothesis that E^D and E⁺ induce black pigment synthesis. Allele frequencies between Japanese Brown and Hanwoo were obviously different; however, recessive red e allele frequency was 0.038 for Japanese Brown and 0.948 for Hanwoo, even though both breeds have quite similar coat colors (ranging from yellowish brown to dark brown including a red coat color). This result suggested that other genes are also associated with a coat color of red and brown in cattle.  相似文献   

Characterization of an endopolygalacturonase Gene cppg1 from Phytopathogenic Fungus Chondrostereum purpureum     

Mineo SENDA  Takanori NARITA  Shinji AKADA  Toshikatsu OKUNO  Kazuo MIYAIRI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):41-44

Chondrostereum purpureum, a phytopathogenic fungus, produces endopolygalacturonase (endoPG) which has been suggested to have a causal role in the silver-leaf symptom of apple trees. In this paper, we detected C. purpureurn-derived endoPG at the infection sites using ELISA with a polyclonal antibody against endoPG I. A gene encoding endoPG I and its homolog were also isolated from the C. purpureum genome. The endoPG I gene was designated as cppg1. The cppg1 gene is the first fungal endoPG gene reported in the Basidiomycetes. Received 31 May 2000/ Accepted in revised form 13 September 2000  相似文献   

Induction of Systemic Resistance in Cucumber against Several Diseases by Plant Growth-promoting Fungi: lignification and Superoxide Generation   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Nobuyo Koike  Mitsuro Hyakumachi  Koji Kageyama  Shinji Tsuyumu  Noriyuki Doke 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(5):523-533

Five fungal isolates (Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma and a sterile fungus) from zoysiagrass rhizosphere that promote plant growth were tested for their ability to induce systemic resistance in cucumber plants against Colletotrichum orbiculare. Roots of cucumber plants were treated with these fungal isolates using barley grain inocula (BGI), mycelial inocula (MI) or culture filtrate (CF). Most isolate/inoculum form combinations significantly reduced the disease except BGI of Trichoderma. These fungal isolates were also evaluated for induction of systemic resistance against bacterial angular leaf spot and Fusarium wilt by treatment with BGI. Penicillium, Phoma and the sterile fungus significantly reduced the disease incidence of bacterial angular leaf spot. Phoma and sterile fungus protected plants significantly against Fusarium wilt. Roots treated with CFs of these fungal isolates induced lignification at Colletotrichum penetration points indicating the presence of an elicitor in the CFs. The elicitor activity of CFs was evaluated by the chemiluminescence assay using tobacco callus and cucumber fruit disks. The CFs of all isolates elicited conspicuous superoxide generation. The chemiluminescence activity of the CF of Penicillium was extremely high, and its intensity was almost 100-fold higher than that of other isolates. The chemiluminescence activity was not lost following treatment with protease or autoclaving or after removal of lipid. The MW 12,000 dialyzed CF fraction was highly effective in eliciting chemiluminescence activity. Chemiluminescence emission from cucumber fruit disks treated with Penicillium was the same as that obtained from tobacco callus, except that the lipid fraction also showed a high activity. Both the MW 12,000 fraction and the lipid fraction induced lignification in the epidermal tissues of cucumber hypocotyls.  相似文献   

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the pig: where is the problem?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kren R  Kikuchi K  Nakai M  Miyano T  Ogushi S  Nagai T  Suzuki S  Fulka J  Fulka J 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2003,49(4):271-273

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