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Cashew is an important edible nut crop of tropics. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) was carried out on DNA bulks constituted from F2 population and germplasm in order to link or associate molecular markers with economic characters. In all 458 RAPD, 31 ISSR and 21 pairs of SSR primers were used and identified polymorphic markers between parents. Though screening F2 bulks with these markers identified markers polymorphic between the bulks but none could be validated with the individuals of their bulks. Hence screening with germplasm bulks was carried out and could identify four RAPD markers polymorphic between the bulks for nut weight and plant stature and also between the individuals of their bulks. Of the four, three markers were associated with nut weight amplifying at 775, 475, 275, bp region in primers OPN 14, UBC 184 and UBC 185 respectively. Out of these three, two markers were specific to low nut weight and one marker was specific to high nut weight and their bands were present in greater frequency (50–77.8% and 75%) of individuals constituting the respective bulks. Similarly, the another marker UBC 185275 was detected which was specific to low plant stature and was present in 66.7% and 10% individuals constituting short and tall bulks respectively. Markers identified with bulks and with the individuals of bulks were validated further with more individuals of F2 and germplasm. 相似文献
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Diversity and genetic relationship in 100 cashew germplasm accessions were analyzed by using RAPD and ISSR markers. Using 10 selected RAPD primers 60 bands were generated, of which 51 bands were polymorphic (85%), and with 10 selected ISSR primers 67 amplified bands were observed with 58 polymorphic bands (86.6%). Though both kinds of markers discriminated the accessions effectively, analysis of combined data of markers (RAPD + ISSR) resulted in better distinction of accessions. By combining markers, a total of 127 bands were detected, of which 109 bands (85.8%) were polymorphic and produced on an average of 5.45 polymorphic bands per primer. Primers with high polymorphic information content and marker index were identified for discriminating accessions. High percentage of polymorphism (>85%) observed with different markers indicated high level of genetic variation existing among the accessions. Genetic relationship estimated using similarity co-efficient (Jaccard’s) values between different pair of accessions varied from 0.43 to 0.94 in RAPD, 0.38 to 0.89 in ISSR and 0.43 to 0.87 with combined markers suggested a diversity (dissimilarity) ranging from 6 to 57%, 11 to 62% and 13 to 57% respectively and the diversity skewed around 50% indicated moderate diversity. The cluster analysis with UPGMA method separated the accessions broadly into 13 clusters and in that three into smaller clusters. Some correspondence between the molecular groupings and the morphological clusters were observed. Among the accessions, NRC-142 and NRC-12 were highly divergent and NRC-231 and NRC-232 were genetically similar. 相似文献
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Melissa A. Fitzgerald Christine J. Bergman Adoracion P. Resurreccion Jürgen Mller Rosario Jimenez Russell F. Reinke Margrit Martin Pedro Blanco Federico Molina Ming‐Hsuan Chen Victoria Kuri Marissa V. Romero Fatemeh Habibi Takayuki Umemoto Supanee Jongdee Eduardo Graterol K. Radhika Reddy Priscila Zaczuk Bassinello Rajeswari Sivakami N. Shobha Rani Sanjukta Das Ya Jane Wang Siti Dewi Indrasari Asfaliza Ramli Rauf Ahmad Sharifa S. Dipti Lihong Xie Nguyen Thi Lang Pratibha Singh Dmaso Castillo Toro Fatemeh Tavasoli Christian Mestres 《Cereal Chemistry》2009,86(5):492-498
Amylose content is a parameter that correlates with the cooking behavior of rice. It is measured at the earliest possible stages of rice improvement programs to enable breeders to build the foundations of appropriate grain quality during cultivar development. Amylose is usually quantified by absorbance of the amylose‐iodine complex. The International Network for Quality Rice (INQR) conducted a survey to determine ways that amylose is measured, reproducibility between laboratories, and sources of variation. Each laboratory measured the amylose content of a set of 17 cultivars of rice. The study shows that five different versions of the iodine binding method are in use. The data show that repeatability was high within laboratories but reproducibility between laboratories was low. The major sources of variability were the way the standard curve was constructed and the iodine binding capacity of the potato amylose used to produce the standard. Reproducibility is much lower between laboratories using a standard curve of potato amylose alone compared with those using calibrated rice cultivars. This study highlights the need to standardize the way amylose is measured, and presents research avenues for doing so. 相似文献
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Diego Morales Shobha Potlakayala Mario Soliman Juliann Daramola Hannah Weeden Andrew Jones 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(7):716-729
Camelina sativa is a promising low-input, high yielding biodiesel crop that can be suitable to grow on marginal lands and is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. The objective of the study was to compare the rate of growth in different varieties of C. sativa in response to salt stress. Three biological replicates were collected from three varieties of C. sativa grown in vitro in a controlled growth room. The Blaine Creek, Cheyenne and Suneson varieties of C. sativa were analyzed for their physiological and biochemical response to salt stress using the following criteria: germination rates, measurement of length, dry weights, fresh weights, and stomatal size. The biochemical measurements focused on proline, chlorophyll, and flow cytometry analysis. Blaine Creek’s growth during salt stress was overall the most affected, while Suneson and Cheyenne generated higher amounts of biomass, thus indicating that C. sativa can be grown on saline soils. 相似文献
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Nonspecific activity of Bacillus acidopullulyticus pullulanase on debranching of guar galactomannan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) from Bacillus acidopullulyticus could preferentially remove galactose residues from guar galactomannan (GG), a heteropolymer consisting of polymannan backbone with alternating galactose as single-residue side-chain stubs. The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 4.5 and 45 degrees C and exhibited Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a K(m) and V(max) of 6.0 mg mL(-1) and 1820 nmol min(-1) mg(-1), respectively. The native and modified GG had a viscosity of 4800 and 3800 cps, respectively. The molecular mass of the enzyme-treated GG varied between 152 +/- 0.5 kDa, and its GLC analysis revealed a significant change in galactose-mannose content of 1:3.8, respectively, similar to that of locust bean gum (LBG). FTIR and solid-state CP-MASS (13)C NMR analyses indicated subtle changes in the conformation of modified GG because of the removal of galactose residues. Gel-strength measurements with kappa-carrageenan showed an improvement in the gelling behavior, similar to that shown by LBG. Debranching of GG by pullulanase is an alternative and inexpensive route to produce modified GG with enhanced functional properties, as a cost-effective replacement for LBG. 相似文献
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Florence V. Dunkel Assumani Serugendo William M. Breene Shobha Sriharan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1995,48(1):1-16
Three plant products with known insecticidal properties, a dry extract of flowers ofChrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (Trevir.) Vis. produced in Rwanda, an ethanol extract of seeds of neem,Azadirachta indica A. Juss., and crushed leaves ofTetradenia riparia Hochst Codd., a traditional Rwandan medicine, were mixed with beans,Phaseolus vulgaris L., for storage protection. These plant-protected beans were compared with off the shelf beans that were being sold to consumers by the Rwandan National Agricultural Products Marketing Organization (OPROVIA). A trained sensory panel determined that beans treated with neem andC. cinerariaefolium were as acceptable after 8 months storage as those being sold throughout Rwanda by the marketing organization. Beans marketed by this organization were all treated with the standard insecticide application in Rwanda, 0.01% weight/weight pirimiphos methyl in a powder formulation. Instrumental hardness (% hard-to-cook/mean gram force) after 20 months of storage was acceptable for beans stored with neem or withC. cinerariaefolium or with the conventional government application of pirimiphos methyl. Use of either neem orC. cinerariaefolium for storage protection should not affect consumer acceptance of dry beans. 相似文献