Replication of feline herpesvirus type 1 in feline T-lymphoblastoid cells.     

T Horimoto  Y Kawaguchi  J A Limcumpao  T Miyazawa  E Takahashi  T Mikami 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(3):503-505

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Stabilization of labile carbonyl addition intermediates by a synthetic receptor     

Iwasawa T  Hooley RJ  Rebek J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5837):493-496

Products of unfavorable chemical equilibria are not readily observed because their high energy and increased reactivity result in low concentrations. Biological macromolecules use binding forces to access unfavorable equilibria and stabilize reactive intermediates by isolating them from the medium. In a similar vein, we describe here a synthetic receptor that allows direct observation of labile tetrahedral intermediates: hemiaminals formed in the reaction of an aldehyde carbonyl group with amines. The receptor encapsulates alkyl-substituted primary amines, then orients them toward a covalently tethered aldehyde function. The hemiaminal intermediates appear at high concentration, confined from the bulk solution and observable at ambient temperature by conventional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.  相似文献   

Characterization of ethylene biosynthesis and its regulation during fruit ripening in kiwifruit,Actinidia chinensis ‘Sanuki Gold’     

Eric G. Mworia  Takashi Yoshikawa  Naoki Yokotani  Tetsuo Fukuda  Katsuhiko Suezawa  Koichiro Ushijima  Ryohei Nakano  Yasutaka Kubo 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2010,55(2):108-113

Ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis ‘Sanuki Gold’ was characterized using propylene, an ethylene analog, and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene perception. In fruit harvested between a young stage (66 days after pollination) (DAP) and an early commercial harvesting stage (143 DAP), 2 days of exposure to propylene were sufficient to initiate ethylene biosynthesis while in fruit harvested at commercial harvesting stage (154 DAP), 4 days of propylene treatment were required. This observation suggests that response of ethylene biosynthesis to propylene treatment in kiwifruit declined with fruit maturity. Propylene treatment resulted in up-regulated expression of AC-ACO1, AC-ACO2, AC-SAM1 and AC-SAM2, prior to the induction of AC-ACS1 and ethylene production, confirming that AC-ACS1 is the rate limiting step in ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit. Treatment of fruit with more than 5 μL L^?1 of 1-MCP after the induction of ethylene production subsequently suppressed ethylene production and expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes. Treatment of fruit with 1-MCP at harvest followed with propylene treatment delayed the induction of ethylene production and AC-ACS1 expression for 5 days. These observations suggest that in ripening kiwifruit, ethylene biosynthesis is regulated by positive feedback mechanism and that 1-MCP treatment at harvest effectively delays ethylene production by 5 days.  相似文献   

Antifungals produced by dinoflagellates—gambieric acids     

Hiroshi Nagai  Yuzuru Mikami  Takeshi Yasumoto 《Pest management science》1995,44(1):92-94

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Synthesis and insecticidal activity of benzoheterocyclic analogues of N'-benzoyl-N-(tert-butyl)benzohydrazide: Part 3. Modification of N-tert-butylhydrazine moiety     

Sawada Y  Yanai T  Nakagawa H  Tsukamoto Y  Tamagawa Y  Yokoi S  Yanagi M  Toya T  Sugizaki H  Kato Y  Shirakura H  Watanabe T  Yajima Y  Kodama S  Masui A 《Pest management science》2003,59(1):49-57

Nineteen analogues were synthesized by modifying the tert-butylhydrazine moieties of N'-tert-butyl-N'-(3,5-dimethylbenzoyl)-5-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-6-carbohydrazide and N'-tert-butyl-N'-(3,5-dimethylbenzoyl)-5-methylchromane-6-carbohydrazide (chromafenozide), and the synthesized analogues were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura F. While all of the synthesized analogues had insecticidal activity inferior to those of the lead compounds, several of the analogues nonetheless showed high insecticidal activity. Chromafenozide has shown very high selectivity toward lepidopteran species.  相似文献   

Isolation of Salmonella from diarrheic feces of pigs     

Asai T  Otagiri Y  Osumi T  Namimatsu T  Hirai H  Sato S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(2):159-160

A survey of Salmonella was carried out in fecal samples of 887 pigs with diarrhea collected from 235 pig farms between April 1996 and March 2001. Salmonella was isolated from 84 feces (9.5%) of 887 pigs and from 45 (19.1%) of 235 farms. The higher prevalence was found in weaned pigs (12.4%) and fattening pigs (17.3%) than in sows (4.2%) and suckling pigs (4.5%). Isolation rates of S. Typhimurium were higher from weaned and fattening pigs than from the others. Therefore, risk of horizontal infection of S. Typhimurium will increase, if no adequate health managements are practiced when weaned and fattening pigs have diarrhea.  相似文献   

Isolation and serological survey of Salmonella in pigs in Japan     

Asai T  Fujii S  Osumi T  Otagiri Y  Namimatsu T  Sato S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(11):1011-1015

A total of 267 fecal and serum samples collected from individual pigs reared on a Salmonella-positive farm were subjected to bacteriological and serological examinations of Salmonella. Salmonella was isolated from 47 pigs (17.6%) and prevalence of antibody to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of S. Typhimurium, which was partly common to S. O4, 12: d: -, was observed in 90 pigs (33.7%). Salmonella was isolated from 26 (28.9%) of 90 antibody-positive pigs and 21 (11.9%) of 177 antibody-negative pigs. Twenty-one of 36 pigs (58.3%) positive for S. O4, 12: d: -, five of 10 pigs (50.0%) positive for S. Havana, and none for S. Anatum had antibodies. Thus, seropositive rates were higher than isolation-positive rates, and antibody prevalence was associated with serovars of the isolates. Then, we analyzed antibody prevalence among pigs on Japanese pig farms. The antibodies to LPS of S. Typhimurium were found in 195 of 1,498 pigs (13.0%) and in at least one serum sample on 35 of 52 farms (67.3%). Our results indicate that Salmonella does not seem to be so prevalent in pigs though it is widely prevalent among pig farms.  相似文献   

Post-exposure treatment of cats with mouse-cat chimeric antibodies against feline herpesvirus type 1 and feline calicivirus     

Umehashi M  Imamura T  Akiyama S  Kimachi K  Tokiyoshi S  Mikami T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(11):1017-1021

In order to confirm the in vivo effectiveness of anti- feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) mouse-cat chimeric antibody (FJH2), and anti-feline calicivirus (FCV) mouse-cat chimeric antibody (F1D7), cats that had been experimentally infected with FHV-1 or FCV were administered intravenously with the chimeric antibodies, and observed for clinical manifestations. The symptoms due to FHV-1 or FCV infection in the cats administered FJH2 or F1D7 were obviously decreased when compared with those of the non-administered control cats. From these results, it was confirmed that both FJH2 and F1D7 were effective at reducing the appearance of symptoms due to FHV-1 and FCV infection, respectively.  相似文献   

The role of CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells in the protective immune response of BALB/c mice to Neospora caninum infection     

Tanaka T  Hamada T  Inoue N  Nagasawa H  Fujisaki K  Suzuki N  Mikami T 《Veterinary parasitology》2000,90(3):183-191

The role of CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells in the immune response of BALB/c mice against Neospora caninum infection was examined by using anti-CD4 and/or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with anti-CD4 and/or anti-CD8 mAbs before and after infection with N. caninum and observed for 30 days after infection. Most of the anti-CD4 mAb-treated mice and all of the anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs-treated mice died within 30 days post-infection (p.i.). In contrast, 100% of PBS-treated mice and 70% of anti-CD8 mAb-treated mice survived more than 30 days. When compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated mice, the weight of mice treated with mAbs tended to decrease. From these results CD4(+) T cells, but not CD8(+) T cells, have an important role for protection of mice against N. caninum infection. Serum antibody levels to N. caninum in infected-mice treated with anti-CD4 mAb or a mixture of anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs were lower than those in the infected mice treated with anti-CD8 mAb or PBS. The mice treated with anti-interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) mAb produced high antibody levels to N. caninum, but all mice died within 18 days p.i. These results indicated that IFN-gamma is an important cytokine for protection against N. caninum infection at the early stage of infection. However, since CD4(+) T cells against N. caninum were essential to the production of specific antibody, these antibodies might have important roles in host protection at the later stage of infection.  相似文献   

Novel species specific antigens of trypanosoma congolense and their different localization among life-cycle stages     

Inoue N  Lluz AT  Mori T  Nagasawa H  Fujisak K  Mikami T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(10):1041-1045

Seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were raised against Trypanosoma congolense procyclic form (PCF). Localization of the antigens recognized by the mAbs was determined in bloodstream form (BSF), PCF, epimastigote form (EMF) and metacyclic form (MCF) by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Two mAbs (10F9 and 20H12) showed different fluorescent patterns among different life-cycle stages of the parasite. The 10F9 recognized a 76 kDa antigen of all life-cycle stages of the parasite and the antigen localization corresponded with that of a mitochondrion. While the 20H12 recognized 119 and 122 kDa antigens of all the life-cycle stages and the antigen localization corresponded with a flagellum in BSF and MCF, tip of a flagellum in PCF, and part of cytoplasm in EMF. Moreover, the 20H12 did not react to T. brucei gambiense, T. b. rhodesiense and T. evansi antigens in both CLSM and immunoblotting. Therefore, the antigens recognized by the 20H12 seem to be T. congolense specific. Although, further studies will be required for a full characterization of the T. congolense specific 119 and 122 kDa antigens, the mAb 20H12 and the specific antigens may be useful in not only establishment of T. congolense specific diagnosis methods but also studies on molecular mechanisms regulating differentiation of the parasite during life-cycle.  相似文献