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1.
In this study, some biochemical changes of carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) tissues were investigated. Studies have been carried out on carp which have regional economical importance.
Storage temperature and time are the most important factors that affect the quality of fish during sales. It was observed
that the temperature varied between 9 and 12°C in sale conditions. In addition, we assumed the arrival time of the fish at
the fish market to be 0 (zero) h. Biochemical analyses [malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and catalase activity] of carp tissues
(muscle, liver, heart, spleen, brain) were carried out on fish which were held for 24 and 48 h, as well as on fresh fish
(0 h). In addition, sensory analysis was conducted by a panel consisting of experienced judges of sensory evaluation. Statistically
significant (P < 0.05) increases in MDA levels were found in liver, muscle, brain and spleen tissues when comparing the 0- and 24-h groups.
But there was no statistically significant (P > 0.05) increase in MDA level in heart tissue of carp after 24 h. There was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) increase in MDA levels in muscle, spleen and heart tissues when comparing the 24- and 48-h groups. In the group examined
at 24 h, it was observed that there were statistically significant differences from the 0 h group values (P < 0.05) for catalase (CAT) activity in muscle, brain, spleen and heart tissues. The decreases in CAT activity in liver and
spleen tissues were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) between the group examined at 24 h compared with the group examined at 48 h. Carp maintained good quality during
the selling conditions up to 24 h. This experiment deals with the effects of post-slaughter time and storage temperature on
carp tissues. It is concluded that by considering the storage temperature (9–12°C) and storage time (post-slaughter) the product
maintained acceptable quality up to 24 h. There was significant deterioration of sensory quality, as a result of changes in
chemical constituents. 相似文献
2.
This study was carried out to understand the preventive effect of selenium (Se4+) on heavy metal stress induced by lead and copper in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Variation in glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels
in liver, spleen, heart, and brain tissues of rainbow trout after 72 h of exposure to Pb2+ and Cu2+ were investigated in the presence and absence of Se4+. In the presence of Se4+, Se-GSH-Px activity and SOD activity were found to be higher and MDA levels were lower compared with in its absence. Hematological
parameters were also determined and it has been observed that total leukocyte count (WBC), mean cell volume (MCV), and mean
cell hemoglobin (MCH) were increased and erythrocyte number (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit value (Hct; P < 0.05) were decreased in fish exposed to heavy metals in the absence of selenium. Selenium presence recovered hematological
parameters to normal levels. In the light of our findings, it could be stated that Pb2+ and Cu2+ lead to dramatic changes in biochemical and hematological parameters and selenium caused these parameters to converge to
control levels when it was administered concurrently with these heavy metals. 相似文献
3.
Plant growth regulators play a vital role in fruit growth and development. However, effects of compounds belonging to the group of brassinosteroids have not been fully investigated in sweet cherries. One relatively new and one commonly applied growth regulator, 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide and GA3, respectively, were tested on ‘Summit’ and ‘Regina’ sweet cherries to determine the effects on fruit quality and physiological disorders. The substances were applied with a handgun sprayer at full bloom and at the beginning of fruit development (shuck split) for a 2-year period. GA3 was applied at the concentrations of 25, 50, 100 mgL?1 and 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide at 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mgL?1. A combined application of 100 mgL?1 GA3 + 0.1 mgL?1 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide was also applied. Effects of GA3 and 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide on fruit weight and size were evident for the concentrations applied and between the seasons for both of the cultivars. Combination of the both growth regulators and 100 mgL?1 GA3 alone produced longer fruits compared to the control trees in ‘Regina’. The 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide applications increased the firmness of the flesh slightly, but not to a great degree, compared to the GA3 applications alone. The brightness of the red color was better with GA3 applications in ‘Summit’ and ‘Regina’. Brassinosteroid caused the fruits to have comparably dull red color. Total soluble solid contents of the cultivars were influenced by the substances and the year of the application. Stem resistance to separation from the fruit was under the influence of both treatments and seasons. In general, 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide provided better stem resistance than the GA3 applications. There were no effects of the substances on the development of physiological disorders. 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACTEvaluation of pollen viability and its germination capacity are essential criteria for pollinator’s characterization. Hormones have been used to increase yield and quality of pomegranates without any reference to effects on pollen viability or germination. With this point of view, effects of field-applied 22S, 23S-homobrassinolide (HBR) after bud break at concentrations of 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg L?1 were evaluated on pollen quality of Mayho?-8 pomegranate cultivar. After collection of the flowers of both sexual morphs (bisexual and functionally male), colorimetric test of 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (1%) were used to estimate pollen viability. Later, pollen germination was determined in vitro on a medium containing 1% agar and 20% sucrose. Results showed that pollen viability was under the influence of both the types of the flower and the concentration of the HBR. The highest pollen viability (96%) was obtained from both functional male and bisexual flowers treated with 0.1 mg L?1 HBR. Germination ratio, on the other hand, was only affected by the hormone concentrations, and it increased significantly as the concentration was higher. 相似文献
5.
İsmail Çelik Hikmet Günal Mert Acar Nurullah Acir Zeliha Bereket Barut Mesut Budak 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(2):223-239
Current agricultural practices and their impacts on the sustainability of crop production can be evaluated by simple and reliable soil structure assessment tools. The study was conducted to determine the effects of long-term (2006–2017) tillage systems on structural quality of a clayey soil using the visual evaluation of soil structure (VESS) and classical field and laboratory measurements. A field experiment with seven tillage systems, representing both traditional and conservation tillage methods, was conducted on a clayey soil in the Cukurova region, Turkey. Soil samples from 0–10, 10–20 and 20–25 cm depths were analysed for mean weight diameter (MWD), porosity and organic carbon. Penetration resistance (PR) was determined in each treatment plot. The VESS scores (<2) of upper 0–5 cm indicated a good structural quality for all tillage systems. The VESS scores were positively related to PR and MWD and negatively to macroporosity (MaP) and total porosity. In reduced and no-till systems, poorer soil structures were observed in subsurface layers where firm platy and angular blocky structures were defined. Mean VESS score (3.29) in 20–25 cm depth where PR was 3.01 MPa under no-till indicated a deterioration of soil structural quality; thus, immediate physical interventions would be needed. Lower VESS scores and PR values under strategic tillage which was created by ploughing half of no-till plots in November 2015 indicated successful correction of compaction caused by long-term no-till. The results suggest that the VESS approach is sensitive and useful in distinguishing compacted layers within the topsoil. 相似文献
6.
Soroush Ghodratizadeh Güngör Kanbak Mojtaba Beyramzadeh Zeliha Gunnur Dikmen Salar Memarzadeh Reza Habibian 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(1):59-62
Beta-cryptoxanthin (b-Cr) is a pro-vitamin A and one of the major carotenoids that can be commonly found in mammalian serum and tissues. Foods rich in certain fatty acids are known to be effective to gain a healthy immune system. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of b-Cr on rabbit humoral and cellular immune responses to have a better vision about the mechanism of effect of carotenoids on immune system. Twenty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups (4 per group): Groups consisted of: 1) control group (normal saline; 2) b-Cr (control); 3) vaccine control; 4) 5 mg/kg b-Cr o.p. + vaccine; 5) 10 mg/kg b-Cr o.p. + vaccine. Blood samples were obtained from the marginal ear artery at three time points: days 0, 14 and 21 of the study. Blood CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and Serum Immunoglobulin and Cytokines content were evaluated. Results show that b-Cr administration increased the blood CD4+ lymphocytes count (P?>?0.01). Serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels increased (P?>?0.05) following b-Cr administration. b-Cr treatment increased serum IL-4 levels (P?>?0.05). According to presented results, b-Cr may increase the humoral immunity in mammals. So, it would possible has a potentially beneficial effect on health and on prevention of the immunity related diseases. 相似文献
7.
This study was carried out to assess morphological changes in the canes of 140 Ru and 5 BB and to determine best time for cane collection. The first part of the study included the morphological assessment of the rootstock canes during the winters of 2003–2004 and 2004–2005. Canes collected in the second part of the study in 2005–2006 were grown in pots to relate the changes with the vegetative growth characteristics. 相似文献
8.
Talas ZS Orun I Ozdemir I Erdogan K Alkan A Yilmaz I 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2008,34(3):217-222
The main purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of Cd+2, Cr+3 and Se metals on biochemical parameters in liver tissue of Oncorhynchus mykiss. The rainbow trout were exposed to heavy metal stress (Cd+2, Cr+3) at 2 ppm dosage. The present study was undertaken to determine the protective effect of selenium treatment at the same dosage
(2 ppm) on some biochemical parameters. The activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and the changes in levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) from biochemical parameters were determined in liver tissue of the
fish groups exposed to heavy metals, especially for the selenium-applied groups. Results of this study showed that the activities
of CAT, GSH-Px and SOD in the tissues of fish exposed to the stress of Cd+2 and Cr+3 were significantly lower than the control groups (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the closer values to the control groups were obtained in selenium-added groups (Cr+3 + Se+4, Cd+2 + Se+4). For the level of MDA, the last production of lipid peroxidation showed increases (P < 0.05) in the groups exposed to the metal stress, whereas significant decreases were obtained in selenium-applied groups.
The result of the statistical evaluation showed that the negative effects occurring in the biochemical parameters of the applied
groups exposed to the toxicity of heavy metal were significantly eliminated (P < 0.05) as a result of selenium treatment. 相似文献
9.
Nermin Gözükirmizi Kasım Bajroviç Zeliha İpekçi Melih Boydak Tahsin Akalp Korhan Tunçtaner Hülya Balkan Hulki Tanrıyar Mehmet Çalıkoėlu Tijen Oėraş Öznur Özden Mümtaz Tulukçu Turan Tank 《Journal of Forest Research》1998,3(2):123-126
Plant regeneration from 9 clones ofPopulus tremula representing diverse genotypes originated from Turkey, has been studied in different media, such as Murashige and Skoog’s
Medium (MS), Aspen Culture Medium (ACM) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) with appropriate supplements of growth regulators. Regeneration
efficiency on WPM containing 1 mg/l zeatin using stem explantsin vitro, was higher than on MS and ACM. In this system, the time required for shoot regeneration was 2 weeks, which was shorter by
two weeks than that of previous reports. A strong genotype dependence was observed among the tested nine clones. The regeneration
system, we describe here, did not involve the callus phase and thus was less prone to somaclonal variation. When adventitious
microshoots were cultured on WPM supplemented with 0.5 mg/l or 2 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), root formation was obtained after 1 week of culture. Adaptation of regenerated plantletsin vivo was 100%. This system for micropropagation ofPopulus tremula is expected to be suitable for studies on transformation of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis via modification of lignin
content.
This study was a part of the Project No. 62-02-001 TUBITAK-MAN-GMBAE named “Investigations on Biogenetically Develop Poplar
Clones as a Raw Material for Pulp and Paper Industry” and financially supported by General Management of Turkish Pulp and
Paper Mills. 相似文献
10.