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1.
The effects of dimethoate on hematological, biochemical parameters, and behavior were investigated in Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to sublethal concentrations of 0.0735, 0.3675, and 0.7350 mg/l for 5, 15, and 30 days. Significant decrease was determined
in erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and MCH, which was pronounced after prolonged exposure indicating
the appearance of microcytic hypochromic anemia. There were no prominent changes in thrombocyte and MCHC. The glucose concentration
showed an ascending pattern that proved to be positively correlated with duration. The protein concentration declined in higher
dimethoate concentrations following 15 and 30 days. Negative and significant correlation was detected between glucose and
protein concentrations. The fish showed remarkable behavioral abnormality such as loss of balance, erratic swimming, and convulsion.
Present findings revealed that dimethoate exerts its toxic action even in sublethal concentrations and hematological parameters
and abnormal behavior may be sensitive indicators to evaluate pesticide intoxication. 相似文献
2.
Demet Kocatepe İrfan Keskin Yalçın Kaya 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2019,28(1):117-128
The effects of frying methods and covering processes on the proximate composition, fatty acid profile, amino acid profile, cholesterol, acrylamide, and microbiological content of fried mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis 1819) were investigated in the present study. The group of mussels that were purchased for study was divided into six groups (control – unprocessed mussel meat; Group A – covered mussels fried in deep fat; Group B – mussel fried in low fat; Group C – uncoated mussel meat fried in deep fat; Group D – uncoated mussel fried in low fat; and Group E – mussel served in restaurants). It was determined that the mussel frying methods can affect the nutritional composition and cause changes in the amino acid, fatty acid, and cholesterol content. 相似文献
3.
Demet Kocatepe Hülya Turan Yalçin Kaya Rabiya Erden Fulya Erdoğdu 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):362-368
This research investigated the proximate chemical composition of whiting roe from October to April. The highest water content (83.99%) was found in March, while the lowest (72.40%) was found in December. The highest protein (14.54%) and lipid contents (9.71%) were found in December, while the lowest protein content (7.35%) was found in January and the lowest lipid content (0.38%) in April. Crude ash content of whiting roe changed from 0.86 to 1.49%. The highest (154 kcal/100 g) and lowest energy values (64 kcal/100 g) were determined in December and April, respectively. Whiting roe can be used as a source of valuable nutrients for human nutrition. 相似文献
4.
Celik I Oğuz H Demet O Boydak M Dönmez HH Sur E Nizamlioğlu F 《British poultry science》2000,41(4):401-409
1. The embryotoxicity of mixed aflatoxins (AF) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were evaluated by a modified chick embryotoxicity screening test (CHEST). Adverse effects on the early embryonic development of thymus and bursa of Fabricius were also investigated by light microscopy. AF consisted of 83.06% AFB1, 12.98% AFB2, 2.84% AFG1 and 1.12% AFG2. 2. A total of 448 fertilised laying hens' eggs were used. AF and AFB1 were injected into the eggs at doses of 10, 100 and 1000 ng/egg. Embryonic developmental stages were evaluated according to the Hamburger-Hamilton scale (HH-scale). 3. The results showed that AFB1 given at 10 ng/egg had a significantly (P<0.05) greater embryotoxic effect than AF given at a similar dose. The higher doses of both AF and AFB1 caused higher embryonic mortality and also an increase in early deaths. 4. In the groups receiving 100 ng/egg AF and AFB1 an abnormal development was seen, with a protruded central region, corresponding to the area pellucida of the blastoderm. No other developmental abnormality attributable to AF or AFB1 was found. 相似文献
5.
The effect of drip line spacing, irrigation regimes and planting geometries of tomato on yield, irrigation water use efficiency and net return 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of drip line spacing, irrigation regimes and planting geometries of tomato on yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and net return. The experiments were carried out in the conditions of Eskisehir in Central Anatolian part of Turkey, between 2003 and 2005, with cv. Dual Large F1 tomatoes (Lycopercion esculentum L). The maximum yield of 121.1 t ha−1 was obtained from the treatment in which both the lateral and row spacing were 1 m, and irrigated with water amount based on the percentage of canopy cover. The seasonal irrigation water amount of the treatment was 551 mm. Tomatoes yield of 109.9 t ha−1 was obtained under conditions of 491 mm seasonal irrigation water applied for the 2-m lateral spacing in which two plant rows (twin rows) were planted 0.35 m on either side of the lateral with a row spacing of 0.70 m across the drip lateral and 1.30 m in the interrow between each set of twin rows. Although water saving of 60 mm and investments economy of 40% were provided from the twin-row design, the yearly return of the design including one lateral for each row was US$ 1590 ha−1 higher than that the return of the twin-row design. The method of determination of irrigation water amount based on the percentage of canopy cover appeared to be the most reasonable and effective one in terms of the yield and IWUE. On the other hand, the maximum irrigation water use efficiency (22.3 kg m3) was obtained from 2-m lateral spacing and the percentage of canopy cover for calculation of the amount of irrigation water applied. Thus, canopy cover may be used successfully at any lateral design conditions. 相似文献
6.
This study was conducted to investigate effects of dimethoate on biochemical indices of blood (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP)) and endocrine system by using serum testosterone, 17β-estradiol and cortisol levels as well as organosomatic indices (hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI)) as biomarkers in sexually mature male Oncorhynchus mykiss. Prominent elevation in ALT and AST activities was determined which proved to be significantly and positively correlated with exposure concentration and period. There was no conspicuous alteration in ALP enzyme activity. Dimethoate did not show any sign of anti-androgenic effect as assessed by unaltered testosterone level. The duration and concentration dependant induction in 17β-estradiol level was observed at 5 and 15 days which was followed by significant decline at 30 days. The cortisol level showed an increasing pattern throughout the exposure period. GSI remained unchanged while pesticide treatment led to a reduction in HSI which was more pronounced with extended exposure. Present results clearly indicate that dimethoate revealed its toxicity on liver tissue by impairing membrane permeability and it has an endocrine disrupting potential possibly via acting as an estrogen mimic and modifying feedback on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis as evidenced by concomitant alteration in 17β-estradiol and cortisol levels. 相似文献
7.
Other Index
Keyword index to Volume 7 (1999) 相似文献8.
Kanter M Meral I Dede S Gunduz H Cemek M Ozbek H Uygan I 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2003,50(5):264-268
This study was designed to investigate the effects Nigella sativa L. (NS) and Urtica dioica L. (UD) on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme systems and some liver enzymes in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-treated rats. A total of 60 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were utilized in this study. The rats were randomly allotted into one of four experimental groups: A (CCl4-only treated), B (CCl4 + UD treated), C (CCl4 + NS treated) and D (CCl4 + UD + NS treated), each containing 15 animals. All groups received CCl4 [0.8 ml/kg of body weight, subcutaneously, twice a week for 90 days starting day 1]. In addition, B, C and D groups also received daily intraperitoneal injections of 0.2 ml/kg NS or/and 2 ml/kg UD oils for 45 days starting day 46. Group A, on the other hand, received only 2 ml/kg normal saline solution for 45 days starting day 46. Blood samples for the biochemical analysis were taken by cardiac puncture from five randomly chosen rats in each treatment group at beginning, at 45th and at 90th day of the experiment. The CCl4 treatment for 45 days increased the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and also decreased the antioxidant enzyme levels. NS or UD treatments (alone or combination) for 45 days starting day 46 decreased the elevated lipid peroxidation and liver enzyme levels and also increased the reduced antioxidant enzyme levels. Live weights of the rats decreased in group A, and increased in groups B, C and D. It is concluded that NS and UD decrease the lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes, and increase the antioxidant defence system activity in the CCl4-treated rats. 相似文献
9.
Interfacial protein-polysaccharide complexes can be used to improve the physical stability of oil-in-water emulsions. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of ionic strength on the formation and stability of oil-in-water emulsions containing polysaccharide-protein-coated droplets. Emulsions were prepared that contained 0.1 wt % corn oil, 0.05 wt % beta-lactoglobulin, and 0.02 wt % pectin at pH 7. The emulsions were then adjusted to pH 4 to promote electrostatic deposition of the pectin molecules onto the surfaces of the protein-coated droplets. The salt concentration of the aqueous phase (0 or 50 mM NaCl) was adjusted either before or after deposition of the pectin molecules onto the droplet surfaces. We found that stable emulsions containing polysaccharide-protein-coated droplets could be formed when the salt was added after pectin adsorption but not when it was added before pectin adsorption. This phenomenon was attributed to the ability of NaCl to promote droplet flocculation in the protein-coated droplets so that the pectin molecules adsorbed onto the surfaces of flocs rather than individual droplets when salt was added before pectin adsorption. We also found that polysaccharide-protein-coated droplets had a much improved stability to salt-induced flocculation than protein-coated droplets with the same droplet charge (zeta-potential). Theoretical predictions indicated that this was due to the ability of the adsorbed polysaccharide layer to strongly diminish the van der Waals attraction between the droplets. 相似文献
10.
Human exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and residential indoor and outdoor VOC levels had hitherto not been investigated in Turkey. This study details investigations of indoor, outdoor, and personal exposure to VOCs conducted simultaneously in 15 homes, 10 offices and 3 schools in Kocaeli during the summer of 2006 and the winter of 2006–2007. All VOC concentrations were collected by passive sampling over a 24-h period and analyzed using thermal desorption (TD) and a gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Fifteen target VOCs were investigated and included benzene, toluene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, cyclohexane, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, n-heptane, n-hexane, n-decane, n-nonane, n-octane and n-undecane. Toluene levels were the highest in terms of indoor, outdoor, and personal exposure, followed by m/p-xylene, o-xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, benzene and n-hexane. In general, personal exposure concentrations appeared to be slightly higher than indoor air concentrations. Both personal exposure and indoor concentrations were generally markedly higher than those observed outdoors. Indoor target compound concentrations were generally more strongly correlated with outdoor concentrations in the summer than in winter. Indoor/outdoor ratios of target compounds were generally greater than unity, and ranged from 0.42 to 3.03 and 0.93 to 6.12 in the summer and winter, respectively. Factor analysis, correlation analyses, indoor/outdoor ratios, microenvironment characteristics, responses to questionnaires and time activity information suggested that industry, and smoking represent the main emission sources of the VOCs investigated. Compared with the findings of earlier studies, the level of target analytes in indoor air were higher for several target VOCs, indicating a possible trend toward increased inhalation exposure to these chemicals in residential environments. 相似文献