Epidemiological and bacteriological survey of buffalo mastitis in Nepal   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Dhakal IP  Dhakal P  Koshihara T  Nagahata H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1241-1245

A total of 355 Murrah cross buffaloes, consisting of 23 subclinical and 332 clinical mastitis cases brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal from 2002 to 2005, were analyzed to determine the organisms involved, the seasonal occurrence of mastitis, and antibiotic susceptibility of mastitis pathogens. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) such as Staphylococcus albus and S. epidermidis were the predominant organisms associated with subclinical cases, and CNS and Coliforms in clinical cases. The maximum number (16%) of clinical cases of mastitis were observed in the month of July, when temperature and humidity are highest. The incidence of clinical mastitis was higher in animals during 1st calving and during the 1st month of parturition. Resistance to antibiotics was determined for 55, 23 and 149 isolates of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Coliforms, respectively. In vitro drug sensitivity testing revealed that enrofloxacin had the highest average sensitivity (91%) for all types of bacteria. The effectiveness of other drugs detected were gentamicin (87%), tetracycline (83%) and chloramphenicol (82%). The antibiogram showed that both gentamicin and enrofloxacin are slowly becoming resistant. Mastitis pathogens have developed resistance to ampicillin and penicillin.  相似文献   

葡萄脯氨酸累积变异系CAT和SOD活性研究     

陈耀锋  贺普超  廖祥如 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,26(1):36-40

研究了无胁迫和ＮａＣｌ胁迫条件下,同基因型二倍体葡萄４个脯氨酸累积变异系和对照系愈伤组织的过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）和超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性。结果表明,在无胁迫条件下,葡萄脯氨酸累积变异系的ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性显著高于对照系,４个变异系的ＣＡＴ活性分别是对照的２．４１,２．３０,２．２９和２．１３倍,ＳＯＤ活性分别是对照的４．５１,３．６９,３．８４和３．７２倍。在一定浓度ＮａＣｌ胁迫下,对照系和变异系的ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性都有一定的增加,变异系的ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性仍高于对照系。脯氨酸累积变异系ＣＡＴ和ＳＯＤ活性高是其对ＮａＣｌ胁迫具有较强抗性的可能原因之一  相似文献   

cry Ia基因小麦高效表达载体的构建   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

侯文胜  郭三堆  路明 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,30(6):121-124

利用在禾谷类作物中表达效率较高的启动子Ubi对含目的基因cryIa的现有载体进行了改造,并引入了筛选标记基因bar,为提高目的基因的表达水平,还在目的基因5′端引入了Ω和Kozak序列,3′端引入了poly(A)序列。成功构建了适用于小麦的抗虫基因植物表达载体pGU4ABBar,该载体含有顺向连接的Ubi-cryIa及Ubi-bar基因表达盒,可用于基因枪、花粉管通道法等介导的小麦遗传转化,人工合成的苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫蛋白基因cryIa可以编码对鳞翅目昆虫具有毒杀作用的蛋白。  相似文献   

辣木油的抗氧化稳定性研究     

段琼芬  马李一  余建兴  张重权  王有琼  安鑫南 《北京林业大学学报》2009,31(6):112-115

研究温度、光照时间对辣木油抗氧化稳定性的影响,以此选择合理的保存方式。用石油醚浸出法制成辣木油试样,以过氧化值(POV)为试验指标,采用Sehaal烘箱法和室内自然光照射法进行试验,测定不同温度和不同受热、光照时间下的POV值并计算氧化诱导时间。结果表明:不同受热时间下测得的POV值之间的差异性不显著,而不同光照时间的POV值则具有显著性差异,说明辣木油对温度比较稳定,但对光照则相反,光照时间越长抗氧化的稳定性就越差,光照氧化诱导时间仅为3.5 d。提示了辣木油应在20℃左右保存并特别注意避光,在此条件下的货架期可达304 d。   相似文献   

林分密度对山桃树冠结构的影响研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

章志都  徐程扬  蔡宝军  李翠翠  袁士保  杨程  彭强  金桂香 《北京林业大学学报》2009,31(6):187-192

树冠结构决定着林木外部形态和对光能的截获能力,并直接影响林木个体的初级生产力。对于风景林来说,树冠结构不仅影响着林木个体的姿态,而且严重地影响着林木的开花结实,进而显著地影响着林木的观赏性。以北京山区山桃风景林为例,从枝条长度、枝条基径、分枝角度及侧枝密度等变化的角度对林分密度与山桃树冠结构的关系进行研究。结果表明:①山桃的树冠形状在一定程度上受林分密度的影响,高密度（3 500株/hm2）林分中山桃活枝下高相对较高,而冠幅、树冠率相对较小。②林分密度在一定程度上对一级侧枝的各种树冠形态参数产生影响,但不同处理间差异不显著,而对较高序级枝条的枝长度、基径、枝角和侧枝密度有显著或极显著影响;各序级枝条的基径随密度提高而增大,且与枝角呈负相关,与枝长度呈显著正相关。③在低密度（2 500株/hm2）林分中,各树冠层次中的枝条结构均有利于光的吸收,长短枝比例相对比较合理。建议山桃风景林的经营密度应控制在2 500株/hm2以内。   相似文献   

Effect of an immunomodulator on the efficacy of an attenuated vaccine against avian pneumovirus in turkeys     

Rautenschlein S  Sheikh AM  Patnayak DP  Miller RL  Sharma JM  Goyal SM 《Avian diseases》2002,46(3):555-561

Since 1997, avian pneumovirus (APV) has caused estimated annual losses of $15 million to the Minnesota turkey industry. In order to develop an attenuated live vaccine against APV, we serially passaged a Minnesota isolate of APV (APV/MN/turkey/1-a/97) in vitro in cell cultures for 41 passages. Laboratory experiments with this high-passage virus (P41) indicated that the attenuated virus provided immunogenic protection to turkeys against challenge with virulent APV, although some birds showed mild to moderate dinical signs after inoculation. To reduce the residual pathogenicity of P41, while maintaining its immunogenicity, we decided to vaccinate turkeys with P41 in the presence of an immunomodulator, S-28828 (1-n-butyl-2-ethoxymethyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine-hydrochloride), which is a potent cytokine inducer. The combined inoculation of S-28828 (5 mg/kg body weight) and P41 resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of virus-induced clinical signs in comparison with birds that received P41 without immunomodulator (P < 0.05). Only 17% of birds inoculated with S-28828 + APV P41 showed mild respiratory symptoms at 5 days postinoculation as compared with 46% of the vaccinated turkeys that did not receive S-28828. Vaccination with either P41 or with P41 + S-28828 protected turkeys against dinical signs and viral replication after challenge with virulent APV. These results indicate that immunomodulators, such as S-28828, may act as good vaccine adjuvants that can reduce the pathogenicity but maintain the immunogenicity of partially attenuated vaccines.  相似文献   

Serologic and genetic characterization of North American H3N2 swine influenza A viruses          下载免费PDF全文

Marie Ren Gramer  Jee Hoon Lee  Young Ki Choi  Sagar M. Goyal    Han Soo Joo 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2007,71(3):201-206

The H3N2 subtype of influenza A viruses isolated from pigs in the United States and Canada has shown both genetic and antigenic diversity. The objective of this study was to determine the serologic and genetic characteristics of contemporary strains of these viruses. Genetic analysis of 18 reference strains and 8 selected strains demonstrated differences in 1% to 9% of the nucleotides of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene revealed 3 genetic clusters, as well as divergence of cluster III viruses from a cluster III prototype virus (A/Swine/Illinois/21587/99). By means of 1-way cross-hemagglutination inhibition with antiserum against 5 field isolates and 3 vaccine viruses, most of 97 isolates tested could be placed in 1 of 3 serogroups. The several isolates that did not react with any antiserum were in genetic cluster III, which suggests that continuous antigenic drift in cluster III may have resulted in virus variants. The efficacy of commercial vaccines against these virus variants should be evaluated with vaccination and challenge studies.  相似文献   

Low stress mechanical properties of fabrics woven from bamboo viscose blended yarns     

Abhijit Majumdar  Sagar Baburao Pol 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(9):1985-1991

This paper presents the low stress mechanical properties of plain fabrics woven from cotton, bamboo viscose and cotton-bamboo viscose blended yarns. Three blends (100 % cotton, 50:50 cotton-bamboo and 100 % bamboo) were used to produce three yarn counts (20, 25 and 30 Ne). Each of these yarns was used to make fabrics with different pick densities (50, 60 and 70 picks per inch). It was found that bending rigidity, bending hysteresis, shear rigidity, shear hysteresis and compressibility is lower for bamboo fabrics as compared to those of 100 % cotton fabrics. On the other hand, extensibility, tensile energy and compressional resilience are higher for 100 % bamboo fabrics than 100 % cotton fabrics. Higher pick density increases linearity of load-elongation curve, bending rigidity, shear rigidity and compressional resilience. Shear and bending rigidities show very good correlation with the respective hysteresis values.  相似文献   

土壤-植物连续系统肥水效应的初步探讨     

梁圈社  刘思春  朱建楚 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,25(6):101-104

田间试验的昼夜定时观测发现，不同肥力水平对土壤－植物连续系统水势有明显影响。在一定土壤含水量（２００ｇ／ｋｇ左右）下，随着土壤肥力提高，土壤水势有明显降低的趋势；小麦叶片细胞渗透势降低，小麦叶水势和叶片细胞的持水都有所提高。随着气温的升高，土壤－植物体系水势梯度（ψｓ－ｐ）呈增大趋势。  相似文献   

芦荟试管微克隆繁育中芽增殖体系的建立   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

宋运贤  陈耀锋  傅建熙 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,30(6):107-109

研究了库拉索芦荟茎尖组织、叶盘组织和茎盘组织的离体培养特性,发现芦荟茎尖组织芽增殖效率较低,叶盘组织无再生能力,而茎盘组织是芦荟试管克隆芽增殖系建立的最佳外植体。利用茎盘组织建立微克隆增殖系与茎盘组织在茎段上的位置有关,库拉索短宿茎的中部茎段不定芽形成能力最强。细胞分裂素是诱导库拉索芦荟芽增殖的主要激素,但质量浓度过高,不定芽生长弱,玻璃化现象严重。1.0mg/L6-BA,1.5mg/LKT和0.5mg/LNAA组合的MB培养基(该培养基由MS培养基大量元素、微量元素、铁盐,B5培养基的有机物质构成)是库拉索芦荟试管苗增殖的最佳培养基。  相似文献