排序方式： 共有21条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
A reservoir operational rule for irrigation in Japan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yutaro Senga 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1991,5(2):129-140
Operation of a reservoir for irrigation is more complicated and difficult than that for domestic water supply in Japan, owing to the fact that a requirement for irrigation takes various value depending upon effective rainfall on farmland, soil condition, and so on. Therefore, the reservoirs should be operated to correspond with demand, inflow, and unknown droughts occurring in the future. However, the reservoirs have been operated under operators' experiences without formal operational rules, because any effective theories or methods have been neither developed nor used in Japan at present.On operation of the reservoirs, there are two targets — promotion of effective release and restriction of release in preparation for droughts — conflicting with each other. It is useful to set up the operation with Required Storage for Drought Curve (RSDC) Method to achieve reasonable operation harmonizing those two targets. RSDC is composed with Target Line (TL) and Restrictive Release Lines (RRLs). TL is a target storage level to guarantee that storage will never empty until the end of the irrigation period under a certain probability. If actual storage remains above TL, effective release will be promoted. RRLs are storage levels pointing out the basis of restricting release. If actual storage falls below TL, release will be restrained in accordance with RRLs in order to get over uncertain droughts occurring in the future.In this paper, the theory of RSDC is described and the effectiveness of Rule Curve (RC) based on RSDC Method is illustrated by simulation on a single reservoir for irrigation. 相似文献
2.
In spite of several attempts at integrated operation planning, multiple reservoirs in Japan have been operated by trial and error without any formal rules. Subjects of integrated operation are not only showing optimal usage of daily storage levels as an operational policy but also providing a countermeasure for droughts.Objectives of this study are to make a formal operation rule of multiple reservoirs for irrigation using the theory of Required Storage for Drought Curve (RSDC) Method and to propose operational policy for multiple reservoirs as large water supply systems. The Iwaki river basin, on which there are four reservoirs for irrigation parallel with each other, is considered to be a model river basin with a large water system for this case study.From results of simulations using historical data, comparing an individual operation rule with an integrated operation rule on several indices, effectiveness of the latter rule is recognized. Under integrated operation, water losses are minimized and excessive water conservation can be avoided over the whole area to benefit while target river discharge is maintained at key control points because water usage from all reservoirs is well balanced in relation to water availability. 相似文献
3.
4.
Yutaro Sakai Nobuyuki Yagi Masahiko Ariji Atsushi Takahara Hisashi Kurokura 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1079-1087
A demand system analysis was conducted to examine the substitute relationships between tuna and skipjack tuna in the Japanese
market. Data from the Annual Report on Family Income and Expenditure Survey from 1965 to 2006 were used for the analysis using
the almost ideal demand system (AIDS). Results suggest that skipjack tuna can be a strong substitute for tuna, while other
fish groups are not a clear substitute. Our analysis of substitute relationships among fish species in a market indicates
that this is a factor that should be considered for better fisheries resource management. For instance, even under a situation
where one fish species is underexploited, proper attention to its fishery management is necessary if the fish is a strong
substitute for another popular fish species in the market. 相似文献
5.
Characterization of myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase activity and liberation of actin from myofibrils upon heating chicken breast meat 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Masanori Matsuishi Yoshitaka Eda Emi Saito Shohei Yamamoto Kenji Kanamori Yuto Goto Yutaro Kobayashi Akihiro Okitani 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(3):597-605
Denaturation of actin and myosin in myofibrils induced by heating at 50°C was investigated to reveal the mechanism of irreversible liberation of actin from myofibrils on heating at lower temperatures than conventional cooking. Denaturation of these proteins was determined by Mg2+‐ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) and Ca2+‐ATPase activities. When minced meat was heated for 20 min, actin was liberated accompanying denaturation of 80% of actin and 50% of myosin. Heating of the myofibrillar fraction (MFF) isolated from meat homogenate induced much slower denaturation of actin than myosin. When MFF was heated with sarcoplasmic fractions, denaturation of actin was facilitated, suggesting that sarcoplasmic fractions contain factors to facilitate actin denaturation. Inosine‐5′‐monophosphate, a component of sarcoplasmic fractions, was shown to have no effect on actin and myosin denaturation. These results suggest that heating meat at 50°C dissociates binding (‘Bond A’) between actin and myosin participating in ATPase activities, resulting in denaturation of both proteins under influence of sarcoplasmic components. Although denaturation of actin and myosin disrupted Bond A, actin was not liberated simultaneously, suggesting the presence of another bond (‘Bond B’, more heat‐stable than Bond A) between both proteins and necessity of disruption of Bond B for actin release from myofibrils. 相似文献
6.
Fisheries Science - Fisheries subsidies have attracted considerable attention worldwide since the 1990s. The World Trade Organization (WTO), among others, started to strengthen its disciplines in... 相似文献
7.
This paper focuses on the actual conditions and the formative process of collaboration toward the establishment of resource
circulation in society. The subject of this research is the Aito Yellow Nanohana Eco Project, a recycling system based on
rape blossom cultivation in Aito Town, Japan. The main findings include: (1) This regional system can be classified into nine
sections: rape blossom cultivation, rape blossom harvest, extraction of rapeseed oil, manufacture and sale of rapeseed oil,
use of rapeseed oil, collection of waste oil, manufacture and sale of soap, refinement to bio-diesel fuel (BDF) and the use
of BDF. (2) This regional system was established in 1998. It was formed gradually, in parallel with the movement toward environmental
improvement. (3) The Environmental Co-operation and the Town Office played major roles in the establishment and management
of the system. Besides these two bodies, the regional system comprises 14 bodies such as enterprises, residents, elementary
and junior high schools tourists, etc. (4) The incentives to participate in the Nanohana Project are numerous. They can be
divided into approximately five categories: economic profit, the promotion of environmental activity, social service (public
welfare), leisure and environmental education. 相似文献
8.
9.
Keiji Watabe Yutaro Senga Atsushi Mori Noriyuki Koizumi Takeshi Takemura Kazuya Nishida 《Paddy and Water Environment》2012,10(3):223-229
Agricultural canals with deep concrete walls are commonly installed in paddy field areas following land consolidation projects in Japan. Such canals create a critical migration barrier for frogs, as escape is not possible after falling in. Hence, countermeasures that allow migrating frogs to cross agricultural canals, such as lid structures to prevent frogs from falling in or the creation of partial slopes to allow escape, have been developed to conserve endangered frog populations. The objective of this study was to design a method for evaluating the population viability of the endangered Japanese Brown Frog, Rana japonica, following the implementation of countermeasures. Two types of model simulations were examined: (1) a ??basic model,?? based on an age-structured model and (2) a ??crossing model,?? to evaluate migrating frogs crossing canals. Parameters, such as survival rate and fecundity, were estimated from field observation data of age-dependent population fluctuations. Comparison of a basic model simulation with the field observation data suggests model validation. The crossing model simulation, which had an initial population of 1,000 individuals, showed that a crossing proportion of greater than 30?C40% would achieve 95% population viability after 5?years. The simulation also showed that a crossing proportion of over 80% would also achieve 95% population viability after 40?years. These results indicate that frog survival during the migration period is insured, as long as no additional countermeasures are necessary after installation. 相似文献