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1.
Hafiz Mohkum Hammad Abdul Khaliq Farhat Abbas Wajid Farhad Shah Fahad Muhammad Aslam 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2020,51(10):1406-1422
ABSTRACT Organic amendments in the soil perform better than synthetic fertilizers in regards to soil fertility and sustainable crop productivity. Experiments were conducted to compare the effects of organic and synthetic fertilizers on soil fertility and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity. Soil fertility and protein contents of wheat grains (13.2% and 13.3% during 2005–06 and 2006–07, respectively) were improved by organic amendments. However, synthetic fertilizer (at the rate of 150, 100, and 60 kg ha?1 N, P2O5, and K2O, respectively) applications resulted in the maximum grain yield (4.05 and 4.46 t ha?1 during 2005–06 and 2006–07, respectively). The observed and simulated soil organic carbon (SOC) reasonably agreed during RothC model validation (R 2 = 0.99). Economic analysis showed the maximum net profit and relative increase in income ($729 US ha?1 and 309%, respectively) from inorganic treatment. Application of synthetic fertilizers increased grain yield and farm profit while organic manure enhanced grain quality. The RothC model had potential for determining the SOC in organic farming under arid environment. 相似文献
2.
Rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of different Brassica species and assayed for their ability to produce auxins in vitro. The isolates varied greatly in their potential for auxin production (ranging from 0.33 to 11.40 µg ml-1). L-Tryptophan (an auxin precursor) addition to the media increased the auxin production by several fold. Based upon in vitro auxin production and growth promotion of B. juncea seedlings caused by various isolates under gnotobiotic conditions, promising isolates were selected and tested in pot trial to observe their effects on growth, yield and oil content of the same Brassica species. Results showed that seed inoculation with different isolates of rhizobacteria significantly increased plant height (up to 56.5%), stem diameter (up to 11.0%), number of branches (up to 35.7%), number of pods per plant (up to 26.7%), 1,000-grain weight (up to 33.9%), grain yield (up to 45.4%) and oil content (up to 5.6%) over the uninoculated control. Isolate S54 gave the most promising and consistent results. Highly significant correlations between L-TRP-derived auxin production by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in vitro and grain yield (r =0.77**), number of pods (r =0.78**) and number of branches per plant (r =0.77**) of B. juncea were found. It was hypothesized that these PGPR may influence the growth and yield of inoculated plants by production of auxins in the rhizosphere of inoculated plants from the L-TRP present in the root exudates, although other mechanisms of action might have also contributed. 相似文献
3.
Ammara Zubair Haq Nawaz Bhatti Muhammad Asif Hanif Faiza Shafqat 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,191(1-4):305-318
The pulp left after the extraction of juice from Citrus reticulate (kinnow), is a waste material, which was used as a potential sorbent for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the present study. The effect of experimental parameters such as pH, biosorbent dosage, biosorbent particle size, initial metal concentrations, temperature, shaking speed and sorption time on the Cr removal is apparent from the obtained results. The Freundlich isotherm and pseudo second order kinetic models fitted well to the data of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) biosorption by Citrus reticulata waste biomass. Effect of several pretreatments such as gases, natural coagulant and many other chemicals on Cr(III) and Cr(VI) sorption capacity of Citrus reticulata waste biomass was first time analyzed in the present study. The metal sorption capacity of Citrus reticulata waste biomass after a specific pretreatment was not only related to the nature of chemical but also strongly dependent on the oxidation state of the metal. 相似文献
4.
M. A. Mannan M. A. Karim Q. A. Khaliq M. M. Haque M. A. K. Mian J. U. Ahmed 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2010,13(1):33-37
A large number of soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes of diverse growth habit and adaptive characters were used in the experiment. Soil salinity-induced changes
in nine morpho-physiological characters of 30-day-old seedlings of 170 soybean genotypes were compared in the study. The first
and second principal components (PC) of principal component analysis (PCA) results accounted for 97 and 2.5%, respectively,
of the total variations of soybean genotypes. The variation for the first PC was composed mainly of relative total dry weight
(DW), relative shoot dry weight, as well as petiole dry weight. There were four clusters distinguished in the cluster analysis.
The genotypes in cluster IV performed better in respect to relative total dry weight and relative shoot dry weight and hence
having salt tolerance. The genotypes clusters III performed very poorly and those of clusters II and I were moderate to poor.
D2 analysis indicated that the clusters differed significantly from each other. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) again
asserts strongly that more than 92% of the genotypes were correctly assigned to clusters. Both PCA and DFA confirmed that
the relative total DW followed by shoot and petiole DW were the major discriminatory variables, and the root DW were the secondary
important variables to distinguish genotypes into groups. In this study, multivariate analyses were used in identifying the
soybean genotypes of desirable traits for salt tolerance. 相似文献
5.
Mehwish Faheem Saba Khaliq Nazia Mustafa Sundas Rani Khalid P. Lone 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(4):1164-1172
The present research was designed to investigate the growth promoting and immunostimulating properties of Moringa oleferia leaf meal (MLM) in grass carp. Juvenile grass carp (22.03 g ± 1.164) were fed with diets supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 150 g/kg MLM for 48 days. At the end of feeding trial, skin mucus was used for analysis of lysozyme, protease, antiprotease and peroxidase activity. Head kidney was used for expression analysis of tumour necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐8 and interferon‐γ. The obtained results showed that fish fed with 100 and 150 g/kg MLM had significant increase in weight gain and specific growth rate (p < .05). However, condition factor was not altered. The MLM (50 and 100 g/kg) inclusion resulted in higher mucus lysozyme and protease activity (p < .05), while peroxidase activity increased only in fish fed with 100 g/kg MLM and antiprotease activity was not altered. Expression of tnf‐α increased in a dose‐dependent manner, and significant (p < .05) increase was recorded in fish fed with 150 g/kg MLM. The expression of il‐8 and ifn‐γ increased in fish fed with 50 and 150 g/kg MLM; however, the increase was not significant (p > .05). In conclusion, supplementing juvenile grass carp feed with MLM up to 150 g/kg has growth promoting and immunostimulating effects. 相似文献
6.
M. Farooq S. M. A. Basra A. Wahid Z. A. Cheema M. A. Cheema A. Khaliq 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2008,194(5):325-333
Rice performance under drought stress is mainly impeded by oxidative damage and hampered plant water status, which may be improved by exogenous use of osmoprotectants. In this study, the role of glycinebetaine (GB) to improve drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar Super-basmati was evaluated. GB was used both as seed and foliar application. For priming, seeds were soaked in 50, 100 and 150 mg l−1 aerated solution of GB for 48 h. At four-leaf stage, one set of plants was subjected to drought stress, while the other set kept at full field capacity. Drought was maintained at 50 % of field capacity by watering when needed. For exogenous application, 50, 100 and 150 mg l−1 GB levels were applied at five-leaf stage. Drought stress greatly reduced the rice growth while GB application improved it both under well-watered and drought conditions. Drought tolerance in rice was strongly related to the maintenance of tissue water potential and antioxidant system, which improved the integrity of cellular membranes and enabled the plant to maintain high photosynthesis. Foliar treatments were more effective than the seed treatments, while among the GB treatment, foliar application with 100 mg l−1 was the most effective. 相似文献
7.
M. Farooq T. Aziz Z. A. Cheema M. Hussain A. Khaliq 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2008,194(6):438-448
As maize is a chilling-sensitive crop, low temperatures during the early stages of development can be injurious to crop growth and development. Prime mechanism behind chilling-induced damage is oxidative stress. This study was undertaken to improve the chilling tolerance in hybrid maize by seed priming with KCl. For priming, seeds of the maize hybrid Hycorn 8288 were soaked in 50, 100 and 150 mg l−1 aerated solution of KCl for 24 h and then re-dried close to original weight. Primed and untreated seeds were sown at 27 °C (optimal temperature) and at 15 °C (chilling stress) under controlled conditions. Seed priming improved the performance of maize under both normal and stress conditions. It was found that the chilling tolerance in maize is well associated with the enhanced capacity of the anti-oxidative system. Priming with KCl significantly improved the chilling tolerance mainly by the activation of antioxidants including catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes. KCl treatments also improved the germination rate and time, root and shoot length, and fresh and dry weights of seedlings compared with control. Soluble sugars and α-amylase activity determined as general metabolic indicators of stress were also improved by seed priming with KCl. Other possible bases of chilling tolerance in maize included maintenance of high tissue water contents, reduced electrolyte leakage and carbohydrate metabolism. Seed treatment with 100 mg l−1 KCl was the best treatment to improve the performance of hybrid maize both under normal and chilling stress conditions. 相似文献
8.
Arun Prasad Sanjay Kumar Abdul Khaliq Ankit Pandey 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2011,47(8):853-861
The effects of increasing levels of metals (10 and 20 mg of Cr kg-1 and 25 and 50 mg of Cd, Pb, and Ni kg-1 soil) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Glomus intraradices on the yield, chemical composition of volatile oil, and metal accumulation in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were investigated in a pot experiment. The shoot yield, content of essential oil, and root yield of sweet basil were
increased by the application of low dose of Cd, Pb, and Ni as compared to control. The application of high level of metals
had deleterious effect on the yield. In soil with low dose of metal applied, AM fungi inoculation significantly enhanced the
metal concentration in shoots and had adverse effect on the yield, whereas in soil with high dose of metal applied, AM fungal
inoculation reduced the metal concentration in shoot and had beneficial effect on the yield. The content of linalool in basil
oil was decreased and that of methyl chavicol was increased by the application of Cr, Cd, and Pb in soil as compared to control.
Similarly, the level of linalool and methyl chavicol was decreased and that of methyl eugenol was increased by the application
of Ni as compared to control. However, AM fungal inoculation led to maintain the content of linalool, methyl chavicol, and
methyl eugenol in volatile oil, which were either increased or decreased by the application of metals. We conclude that the
AM–sweet basil symbiosis could be used as a novel approach to enhance the yield and maintain the quality of volatile oil of
sweet basil under metal-contaminated soils. 相似文献
9.
Md. Abdullah Al Mamun M. Moynul Haque M. Abu Saleque Qazi Abdul Khaliq A. J. M. Sirajul Karim Md. Arifur Rahman Khan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(14):2186-2199
AbstractEnhancing rice yield is a great challenge for rice growers in the tidal flooded ecosystem, where poor agronomic management is one of the major constrains. Improve management practice (IMP) was compared with traditional farmers’ practice (TFP) in evaluating rice productivity, nutrient uptake, translocation and farm income in tidal flooded ecosystem. Results revealed that, IMP significantly produced higher number of panicles m?2, more grain panicle?1 and better grain filling. The rice cultivars produced 2.0 to 2.5 t grain ha?1 with TFP, while 3.0 to 4.0 t ha?1 with IMP. In different rice cultivars, the grain yield in IMP increased 12 to 60% over TFP. Similarly, the grains in IMP treatment absorbed 21.41 to 57.03?kg N ha?1 whereas only 15.85 to 46.94?kg N ha?1 in TFP plot. However, higher nitrogen (N) transfer from shoot to grain in IMP also suggests that the amount of N in soil was too low to meet the plant demand in TFP. Although, the IMP involved additional cost, but it gave significantly higher gross return (438 to 954?US$ha?1) and margin (397 to 913?US$ha?1) which added farm income upto 225?US$ha?1 over TFP. Hence, it could be concluded that IMP is a potential option for increasing grain yield and farm income during aman season in the tidal flooded ecosystem. 相似文献
10.
Effect of poultry manure (PM) and four inorganic phosphorus (P) fertilizers sources, i.e., diammonium phosphate (DAP), single super phosphate (SSP), nitrophos (NP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) on crop production and P utilization efficiency (PUE) of maize was studied. Both inorganic P fertilizers and PM applied alone or combined in 50:50 proportions at equivalent rate of 90 kg P2O5 ha?1. Results indicated that inorganic P sources with PM significantly increased plant height, leaf area and chlorophyll content. Average values showed that combined application of inorganic P with PM increased grain yield by 19 and 41% over inorganic P and PM alone, respectively. Similarly, increase in P-uptake due to the combined application of inorganic P + PM was 17% compared to sole inorganic P. Phosphorus utilization efficiency of inorganic P was increased with PM and the highest PUE was recorded in DAP + PM. Generally, combination of DAP + PM proved superior over the remaining P fertilizers. 相似文献