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Journal of Soils and Sediments - This study consists of the evaluation of metals acute toxicity levels taking into consideration a hypothetic scenario of dam breaking and land deposition of two...  相似文献   
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Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Obesity is an important public health concern and is directly related with chronic noncommunicable diseases that affect the health of millions of people around the...  相似文献   
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Nickel (Ni) is a cofactor for urease, an enzyme that breaks down urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological impact of Ni on urea, antioxidant metabolism and powdery mildew severity in soybean plants. Seven levels of Ni (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g ha?1) alone or combined with the fungicides fluxapyroxad and pyraclostrobin were applied to soybean plants. The total Ni concentration ranged from 3.8 to 38.0 mg kg?1 in leaves and 3.0 to 18.0 mg kg?1 in seeds. A strong correlation was observed between Ni concentration in the leaves and seeds, indicating translocation of Ni from leaves to seeds. Application of Ni above 60 g ha?1 increased lipid peroxidation in the leaf tissues, indicative of oxidative stress. Application of 40 g ha?1 Ni combined with 300 mL ha?1 of fungicide reduced powdery mildew severity by up to 99%. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and urease enzyme activity were greatest under these conditions. Urea concentration decreased in response to Ni application. Urease activity in soybean leaves showed a negative correlation with powdery mildew severity. The leaf Ni concentration showed a positive correlation with the urease and a negative correlation with powdery mildew severity. The results of this study suggest that urease is a key enzyme regulated by Ni and has a role in host defence against powdery mildew by stimulating antioxidant metabolism in soybean plants.  相似文献   
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Phytoremediation is a helpful technique to remediate copper-contaminated areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate sunflower phytoremediation capacity in two vineyard copper-contaminated soils (Inceptisol and Mollisol) and a copper mining waste. Nutrient uptake, copper phytoaccumulation, translocation factor (TF), and bioaccumulation factor (BCF) of sunflower were evaluated after 57 days of growth. Plants grown in both the Mollisol and Inceptisol soils showed high plant height. Fresh biomass was high in the Mollisol in the shoots and roots and also demonstrated the highest values on the tolerance index (TI). The BCF after growth in all three of the copper contaminated soils as Inceptisol, Mollisol, and copper mining waste showed reduction of this index value to 0.19, 0.24, and 0.03, respectively against native soil (Mollisol under natural conditions (4.71). Sunflowers have some important characteristics such as high phytomass production, copper phytoaccumulation, and potential use to biofuel. Thus, sunflower is a potential candidate to phytoremediation of vineyard copper-contaminated soils.  相似文献   
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Lyngbyabellin M is a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase/polyketide synthase derived metabolite isolated from the cyanobacterium M. bouillonii displaying thiazole rings and a distinct chlorinated octanoic acid chain. Its absolute configuration was proposed based on the comparison of its spectroscopic data with those of other representatives of this family of marine natural products, as well as degradation and derivatization studies. Here the first total synthesis of (+)-lyngbyabellin M is described based on the coupling of three key intermediates: two chiral thiazole moieties and an anti hydroxycarboxylic acid prepared stereoselectively via a boron enolate mediated aldol reaction directed by Masamune’s chiral auxiliary.  相似文献   
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This trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of a?ai seeds in the diet of sheep, specifically, to evaluate the intake, digestibility, and weight gain in sheep that are fed with diets containing four different mixtures of a?ai seeds and coastcross hay. Sixteen noncastrated male sheep with an average initial body weight of 22?kg were randomly assigned to one of four diet treatments using initial body weight as a covariate. The diets used coastcross hay as the basal roughage in a 60:40 roughage/concentrate ratio. The concentrate was the same in all the treatments. The a?ai seed was added to the diet as a partial substitute for the coastcross hay to make up four diet treatments: 0 (control), 5, 10, and 15?% a?aí added to the diet on a dry matter basis. The daily weight gain, final body weight, and feed intake were found to linearly increase with the increase in added dietary a?ai seed meal (P?相似文献   
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