Bacillus cereus from the environment is genetically related to the highly pathogenic B. cereus in Zambia     

Hirohito OGAWA  Miyuki OHNUMA  David SQUARRE  Aaron Simanyengwe MWEENE  Takayuki EZAKI  Daisuke FUJIKURA  Naomi OHNISHI  Yuka THOMAS  Bernard Mudenda HANG’OMBE  Hideaki HIGASHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):993-995

To follow-up anthrax in Zambia since the outbreak in 2011, we have collected samples from the environment and the carcasses of anthrax-suspected animals, and have tried to isolate Bacillus anthracis. In the process of identification of B. anthracis, we collected two isolates, of which colonies were similar to B. anthracis; however, from the results of identification using the molecular-based methods, two isolates were genetically related to the highly pathogenic B. cereus, of which clinical manifestation is severe and fatal (e.g., pneumonia). In this study, we showed the existence of bacteria suspected to be highly pathogenic B. cereus in Zambia, indicating the possibility of an outbreak caused by highly pathogenic B. cereus.  相似文献   

Aluminum tolerance associated with enhancement of plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase in the root apex of soybean     

Yu-Seon KIM  Won PARK  Hai NIAN  Takayuki SASAKI  Bunichi EZAKI  Young-Seok JANG  Gap-Chae CHUNG  Hyun-Jong BAE  Sung-Ju AHN 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2010,56(1):140-149

Seventeen soybean cultivars were screened to discern differences in aluminum (Al) sensitivity. The Sowon (Al-tolerant) and Poongsan (Al-sensitive) cultivars were selected for further study by simple growth measurement. Aluminum-induced root growth inhibition was significantly higher in the Poongsan cultivar than in the Sowon cultivar, although the differences depended on the Al concentration (0, 25, 50, 75 or 100 μmol L^–1) and the amount of exposure (0, 3, 6, 12 or 24 h). Damage occurred preferentially in the root apex. High-sensitivity growth measurements using India ink implicated the central elongation zone located 2–3 mm from the root apex. The Al content was lower 0–5 mm from the root apices in the Sowon cultivar than in the apices of the Poongsan cultivar when exposed to 50 μmol L^–1 Al for 12 h. Furthermore, the citric acid exudation rate was more than twofold higher in the Sowon cultivar. Protein production of plasma membrane (PM) H⁺-ATPase from the root apices (0–5 mm) was upregulated in the presence of Al for 24 h in both cultivars. This activity, however, decreased in both cultivars treated with Al and the Poongsan cultivar was more severely affected. We propose that Al-induced growth inhibition is correlated with changes in PM H⁺-ATPase activity, which is linked to the exudation of citric acid in the root apex.  相似文献