Top Dressing of Feed with Desiccated Chlamydospores of Duddingtonia flagrans for Biological Control of the Pre-Parasitic Stages of Ovine Haemonchus contortus     

Sanyal PK  Mukhopadhyaya PN 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(5):381-390

Feeding trials were conducted with stall-fed sheep parasitized with Haemonchus contortus. For 10 days they were offered 250 g of a concentrate feed that had been top-dressed with desiccated chlamydospores of Duddingtonia flagrans at 1×10⁵, 5×10⁵, 1×10⁶ or 2×10⁶ chlamydospores/kg body weight. Pooled faeces from each group on day 7 of spore feeding were spread on different pasture plots. On day 28 after the start of spore feeding, further pooled faeces from each group were spread on the same plots. The larval burdens on the plots were monitored for 2 months and the larval harvest from in vitro faecal cultures were monitored regularly. The application of 1×10⁶ or more spores/kg body weight virtually eliminated larvae from both the pasture and the faecal cultures. The application of as few as 1×10⁵ spores/kg body weight had a profound impact on larval recovery. The effect persisted while the spores were being fed but not for more than 4 days following discontinuation of spore feeding. Top dressing supplementary feed with dried chlamydospores offers a potential way of using D. flagrans for biological control of the pre-parasitic stages of H. contortus.  相似文献   

Serotype C foot-and-mouth disease virus isolates from India belong to a separate so far not described lineage     

Hemadri D  Sanyal A  Tosh C  Venkataramanan R  Pattnaik B 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,92(1-2):25-35

Complete 1D gene sequences of 13 Indian foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type C field isolates and a vaccine strain (C-Bombay/64) were determined. All the field isolates showed a greater genetic homogeneity (95-100%) among themselves and were 19.7-21.2% divergent from the vaccine strain. In the phylogenetic analysis, the Indian field isolates formed a separate lineage (lineage VII) different from the previously identified six lineages (lineage I-VI) in type C FMDV [J. Virol. 66 (1992) 3557]. The vaccine strain was grouped with European lineage (lineage II). Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of antigenic sites A and C of field isolates showed no significant variation from the vaccine strain. One-way serological relationship determined in ELISA showed antigenic closeness of the field isolates with C-Bombay/64.  相似文献   

The disposition kinetics of albendazole following the administration of single and divided doses to cattle and buffalo     

Sanyal  P.K. 《Veterinary research communications》1998,22(2):87-96

Concentrations of albendazole sulphoxide and its sulphone metabolite in plasma in cattle and buffalo were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography after single and divided intraruminal administration of albendazole at the recommended nematocidal and fasciolicidal dose rates of 7.5 and 15.0 mg/kg body weight, respectively. No significant differences in the plasma concentrations of the metabolites or their pharmacokinetic parameters were observed between cattle or buffalo at either dose rate. Pharmacokinetic analysis and the disposition curve of the metabolites indicated increased uptake of the drug in both cattle and buffalo when the same total amount of the drug was given in divided doses compared to a single dose (p<0.05). The divided dose schedules of administration could possibly be exploited to extend the life of the available benzimidazole anthelmintics.  相似文献   

Comparative Disposition Kinetics of Albendazole in Sheep Following Oral and Intraruminal Administration     

Swarnkar CP  Sanyal PK  Singh D  Khan FA  Bhagwan PS 《Veterinary research communications》1998,22(8):545-551

The pharmacokinetics of albendazole was studied in sheep following single oral and intraruminal administration at nematocidal dose rates. The disposition curves of its metabolites indicated increased uptake of the drug in sheep following intraruminal as compared to oral dosing (p<0.05). The increased bioavailability of benzimidazole anthelmintics given by the intraruminal route could be exploited for optimizing the use of anthelmintic for sustained parasite control in small ruminants.  相似文献   

Evidence of cell mediated immune response in infection with Eimeria bareillyi in buffaloes     

P K Sanyal  N S Ruprah  M B Chhabra 《Veterinary parasitology》1985,17(2):111-115

Delayed dermal hypersensitivity and leucocyte migrations were measured in buffalo calves experimentally inoculated with Eimeria bareillyi. Dermal hypersensitivity, characterized by increased thickness and local inflammation, was observed in calves inoculated intradermally with E. bareillyi antigen on Days 21 and 28 after infection. The highest inhibition of leucocyte migration was observed in infected buffalo calves on Days 21 and 28 post-infection.  相似文献   

Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein gene of peste des petits ruminants vaccine virus of Indian origin   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Muthuchelvan D  Sanyal A  Sarkar J  Sreenivasa BP  Bandyopadhyay SK 《Research in veterinary science》2006,81(1):158-164

The nucleotide sequences of the phosphoprotein (P) gene of peste des petits ruminants (PPRV) vaccine virus (PPRV Sungri/96) belongs to Asian lineage have been determined and the deduced amino acid sequences were compared with another vaccine strain PPRV/Nigeria75/1 and with those of the other morbilliviruses. The 1652 nucleotides of the P gene encode a phosphoprotein of 509 amino acid residues (from nucleotide numbers 60 to 1587), which is 91% identical to that of PPRV/Nigeria75/1. The C protein consists of 177 amino acid residues and is 91% identical with that of PPRV/Nigeria75/1. The conserved mRNA editing site (5'TTAAAAGGGCACAG) was present at positions 742-756 in the P gene, which is conserved in all other morbilliviruses. The CTT trinucleotide sequence is present at the N/P and P/M intergenic region, which is totally conserved in morbilliviruses. This will be the third sequence for the P gene of PPRV since that of the vaccine strain and a wild-type Turkish isolate has been published already.  相似文献   

Analysis of the matrix protein gene sequence of the Asian lineage of peste-des-petits ruminants vaccine virus   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Muthuchelvan D  Sanyal A  Sreenivasa BP  Saravanan P  Dhar P  Singh RP  Singh RK  Bandyopadhyay SK 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,113(1-2):83-87

The M gene nucleotide sequence of an Indian peste-des-petits ruminants (PPRV) vaccine virus ("PPRV Sungri/96") belonging to Asian lineage was determined. The gene is 1476 nucleotides long with a single open reading frame (ORF). The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence was compared with the homologous region of the African Lineage Vaccine virus "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1". The nucleotide sequence of the "PPRV Sungri/96" was 86% identical to that of "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1", while a homology of 93% and 95% could be observed in the ORF and amino acids level, respectively. The M gene encodes a protein of 335 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 37.8 kDa. The ORF is flanked by a 3' untranslated region of 436 nucleotides and a high level of sequence divergence (approximately 30%) could be observed in this region between the vaccine viruses of Asian and African lineages. A high degree of conservation of several amino acids of this protein observed previously was also confirmed in this study.  相似文献   

Effects of repeated metolachlor applications on its persistence in field soil and degradation kinetics in mixed microbial cultures   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. Sanyal  G. Kulshrestha 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1999,30(1-2):124-131

 The persistence of metolachlor, a soil-applied herbicide, was studied under field conditions involving repeated herbicide applications. The test field received four applications of metolachlor over an 8-month period, which included two cropping seasons. There was a trend for more rapid rates of degradation with increasing numbers of previous treatments, with fifty percent dissipation time (DT₅₀) of metolachlor declining from 18 days in the first spray to 2.5 days in the fourth spray. An effort was made to isolate the microbial population which had become acclimated to the herbicide from this field soil. A fungal community isolated from this soil showed the capacity to degrade up to 99.6% of the metolachlor within a span of 20 days. The bacterial community isolated could also degrade up to 81.5% of the metolachlor. Hence, this study clearly indicated that repeated applications of metolachlor to soil resulted in the generation of an adapted microbial population with an enhanced ability to degrade the applied herbicide. Received: 13 November 1998  相似文献   

Influence of Diet Type and Pretreatment Fasting on the Disposition Kinetics of Albendazole in Sheep     

Singh  D.  Sanyal  P.K.  Swarnkar  C.P.  Khan  F.A.  Bhagwan  P.S.K. 《Veterinary research communications》1999,23(4):229-240

The influence of the quality and quantity of diets on the disposition kinetics of albendazole were studied in sheep in two different experiments. The plasma concentration profiles of albendazole sulphoxide and albendazole sulphone were measured following intraruminal administration of albendazole at 5.0 mg/kg body weight in weaner sheep offered three different diets: 100% green Sorghum spp., 100% dry mature Cenchrus ciliaris hay and a 50:50 mix of these two diets. The peak plasma concentrations and the availability of the albendazole metabolites, as measured by the area under the concentration–time curve, were significantly higher (p<0.01) in the animals offered exclusively dry fodder compared to other diets. Changing the diet from dry to green fodder resulted in a significantly lower systemic availability of the drug metabolites. It is suggested that a decreased transit time of the digesta in the bowel on the green diet, with its high water content, limited the systemic availability of the drug by reducing the time available for gastrointestinal absorption.An experiment on the influence of different levels of pretreatment fasting on the pharmacokinetics of albendazole revealed significantly higher (p<0.05) plasma concentrations of the anthelmintically active sulphoxide metabolite from 12 h onwards following administration of the drug in animals subjected to 24 h of pretreatment fasting compared to other groups with pretreatment fasting of 8, 12 or 18 h. The area under the concentration–time curve and the minimum residence time of the drug metabolites were significantly greater (p<0.05) in animals that had been fasted for 24 h. It is suggested that fasting induces a decrease in the flow of digesta through the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants and prolongs the duration of dissolution of the drug, resulting in enhancement of the absorption of albendazole and of the systemic availability of its metabolites.  相似文献   

Synthesis and Structure–Activity Relationships for the Fungicidal Activity of O,O-bisaryl sec-butylphosphonates     

Doyeli Sanyal  Nripendra K. Roy 《Pest management science》1997,50(2):85-90

Sixteen O,O-bisaryl sec-butylphosphonates have been synthesised by condensing sec-butylphosphonyl dichloride with substituted phenols. The compounds were tested against two phytopathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia bataticola and Helminthosporium oryzae. The most active compound against R. bataticola is O,O-bis(3-methylphenyl) sec-butylphosphonate (ED₅₀ 29·56 mg litre^-1) and against H. oryzae, O,O-bis(2-chlorophenyl) sec-butylphosphonate and its para-chloro analogue (ED₅₀ 0·14 and 0·13 mg litre^-1 respectively). Quantitative structure–activity relationships on the fungicidal activity have been analysed by means of multiple regression analysis using physicochemical substituent parameters. Electronic parameters viz., σ and F have expressed significant variability in fungitoxicity against both the fungi, viz. R. bataticola and H. oryzae. Hydrophobic and steric parameters are also found to be important in the correlation studies. © 1997 SCI.  相似文献