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1.
Comparison of 4 point‐of‐care blood gas analyzers for arterial blood gas analysis in healthy dogs and dogs with cardiopulmonary disease 
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P.A. Gerin † M.J. Genet A.J. Herbillon & B. Delvaux 《European Journal of Soil Science》2003,54(3):589-604
The surface composition of particles present in the fine earth (< 2 mm) of 50 soil horizons differing in composition and pedogenetic origin (13 soil profiles) was analysed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to assess the capability and limitations of this technique and to gain better knowledge of the soil samples. The surfaces were systematically enriched in carbon, sometimes up to 1000 times, indicating that the soil particle surfaces are coated with organic substances, even in horizons where the bulk organic content is less than 0.1 g kg?1. The distribution of carbon in the various oxidation states was 0.569 ± 0.008 C[0], 0.275 ± 0.004 C[+1], 0.089 ± 0.003 C[+2] and 0.066 ± 0.002 C[+3] for most horizons (mean ± standard error, 69 data). Only Andosol surface horizons systematically had surface organic matter in a more oxidized state. After correcting the results for the presence of organic coatings, we found that Si was generally depleted and Al enriched at the surface of soil particles, while Fe was either depleted or enriched depending on the sample considered. However, the coating of the coarser soil particles by the finer ones and their differential composition explained this observation and limits the interest of XPS for characterizing the surface enrichment of inorganic elements in crude soil samples. These limitations should be considered when interpreting XPS results in future work. Nevertheless, XPS can analyse the adsorbed organic matter and its functional composition of carbon without the need for any chemical or physical extraction that might alter the structure and composition of the organic molecules. 相似文献
3.
Kirschvink N Marlin D Delvaux F Leemans J Clercx C Sparkes A Gustin P 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(3):385-396
The objective of this study was to describe a standardised and non-invasive method for exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection in cats and to test whether determination of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) in EBC might be used as marker of lower airway inflammation. The technique of barometric whole body plethysmography for cats was combined with a system to condense the effluent air from the plethysmograph, allowing simultaneous EBC collection and respiratory pattern measurement. H(2)O(2) was determined spectrophotometrically. Eighteen experimental cats were used to investigate the impact on EBC volume and EBC H(2)O(2) of plethysmograph ventilation rate, collection duration, sample stability, within-day and day-to-day variability. After determination of a standardised EBC collection procedure, correlation analyses between EBC H(2)O(2) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytology of healthy and allergen-challenged Ascaris suum (AS)-sensitised cats were performed. A significant and positive correlation between EBC H(2)O(2) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) neutrophil% was found in healthy cats (P < 0.001, r = 0.55), whereas in AS-sensitised cats, correlation with BAL eosinophil% was significant (P < 0.005, r = 0.61). H(2)O(2) was increased after an allergen challenge in AS-sensitised cats (n = 6, 0.56+/-0.12 versus 1.08+/-0.35 micromol/L, P < 0.05). This study proposes a non-invasive, well tolerated and repeatable method of EBC collection for cats and suggests that EBC H(2)O(2) might be used as non-invasive biomarker for monitoring lower airway inflammation. 相似文献
4.
Kirschvink N Leemans J Delvaux F Snaps F Marlin D Sparkes A Clercx C Gustin P 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2006,172(3):446-454
The objective of this study was to establish a reference base for respiratory variables (respiratory rate [R(R)], inspiratory and expiratory time [T(i) and T(e)], peak inspiratory and expiratory pseudoflow [PIF and PEF], tidal volume [V(T)], minute ventilation [V(E)] and enhanced pause [Penh]) of healthy cats by use of barometric whole body plethysmography (BWBP). Eighteen healthy European cats (10 male, 8 female) were studied from the age of 3 to 13 months in order to assess growth- and gender-related changes of BWBP variables. Chest radiographs and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology were performed to confirm pulmonary health status. Diurnal changes were investigated every 2 h over a period of 24 h when the cats were adult. V(T), V(E), PIF and PEF significantly increased during somatic growth and were higher in males than in females, whereas R(R), T(i), T(e), T(e)/T(i) ratio, PEF/PIF ratio and Penh remained unchanged and were not affected by gender. When measured over 24 h, Penh, T(e) and T(i) were significantly increased in the early morning hours (04:00 h), whereas R(R), PIF and PEF were decreased at that time. This study provides reference values of BWBP variables for healthy male and female cats and indicates when circadian changes might be observed. 相似文献
5.
Petra FRÝDLOVÁ Jan HNÍZDO Lenka CHYLÍKOVÁ Olga ŠIMKOVÁ Veronika CIKÁNOVÁ Petr VELENSKÝ Daniel FRYNTA 《Integrative zoology》2013,8(Z1):39-45
Blood cell morphology and count are not uniform across species. Recently, between‐species comparisons revealed that the size of red blood cells is associated with body size in some lizard taxa, and this finding was interpreted in the context of the metabolic theory. In the present study, we examined the numbers and the size of blood cells in 2 species of monitor lizards, the mangrove‐dwelling monitor (Varanus indicus) and the savannah monitor (V. exanthematicus), and we compared these traits in individuals of different body size. The results revealed that during the course of ontogeny, the size of red blood cells increases with body mass. Because the mass‐specific metabolic rate decreases with body size and the cell volume‐to‐surface ratio decreases with the cell size, changes in the erythrocyte size might be the result of oxygen transport adjustment. 相似文献
6.
Gallardo E De Schutter DP Zamora R Derdelinckx G Delvaux FR Hidalgo FJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(9):3155-3159
The effect of lipids on the formation of the Strecker aldehyde phenylacetaldehyde during wort boiling was studied to determine the role that small changes in the lipid content of the wort have in the production of significant flavor compounds in beer. Wort was treated with 0-2.77 mmol per liter of glucose, linoleic acid, or 2,4-decadienal and heated at 60-98 degrees C for 1 h. After this time, the amount of the Strecker aldehyde phenylacetaldehyde increased in the samples treated with linoleic acid or decadienal but not in the samples treated with glucose. Thus, the amount of phenylacetaldehyde produced in the presence of linoleic acid was 1.1-2.5 times the amount of the Strecker aldehyde produced in the control wort, and this amount increased to 3.6-4.6 times when decadienal was employed. The higher reactivity of decadienal than linoleic acid for this reaction decreased with temperature and was related to the oxidation of linoleic acid that occurred to a higher extent at higher temperatures. The above results suggest that lipids can contribute to the formation of Strecker aldehydes during wort boiling and that changes in the lipid content of the wort will produce significant changes in the formation of Strecker aldehydes in addition to other well-known consequences in beer quality and yeast metabolism. On the other hand, because of the high glucose content in wort, small changes in its content are not expected to affect the amount of Strecker aldehydes produced. 相似文献
7.
Infectious Ovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IOK) is a contagious ocular disease of sheep. A range of organisms have been observed as the aetiological agents of IOK. In this study, the presence of chlamydial pathogens (C. pecorum, C. abortus, C. psittaci) in conjunctival swabs was tested for. The swabs were collected from sheep with varying grades of IOK in an Australian pre‐export feedlot. The sheep had been rejected from a shipment because of the eye disease. The relative contribution of chlamydial pathogens to IOK and the rejection of animals was evaluated. In total, 149 conjunctival swabs were taken from rejected sheep (IOK Grades 1 to 6; n = 126) as well as those with healthy eyes (Grade 0; n = 23). Screening for chlamydial pathogens was done using species–specific qPCR assays. Chlamydial DNA was detected in 35.6% (53/149) of conjunctival samples. C. pecorum was the most predominant species with an overall prevalence of 28.9% (43/149). C. psittaci prevalence was 6.7% (10/149). Both organisms were detected in healthy as well as IOK‐affected eyes. All swabs tested negative for C. abortus. The results from this study demonstrate that Chlamydia spp can be readily detected in sheep presenting with IOK. The zoonotic C. abortus was not detected in any of the samples in this study, providing further evidence to the suggestion that this pathogen remains absent from Australia. Although the exact contribution of Chlamydia spp in the IOK pathogenesis is unclear, such studies are anticipated to be of benefit to Australian domestic and live export production systems. 相似文献
8.
PB Fernandes KO Marques FR de Araujo Neto DP de Oliveira NA Hurtado‐Lugo RR Aspilcueta‐Borquis H Tonhati 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(3):428-434
Because of the importance of reproduction in stock breeding systems, it is necessary to find selection criteria that increase reproductive efficiency. The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for the probability of conception on first service (PROB) in Murrah heifers, and its association with other traits of economic interest [age at first calving (AFC), service period, calving interval and milk yield at 270 days], with the purpose of evaluating their use as selection criteria. Reproductive information and first lactation records of 1200 Murrah heifers were used to perform two‐trait analyses between PROB and the other characteristics. Bayesian inference was used to estimate the variance components, considering PROB as threshold and the other as linear factors. The results demonstrate that this trait has heritability of 0.15, indicating the possibility of a genetic gain by using it for selection. With respect to the genetic correlation estimates, the only high‐magnitude association was with AFC (?0.899), which is the current criterion indicating sexual precocity of females. In the light of the parameters estimated, the first‐service pregnancy rate is an alternative for indication of sexual precocity, although presenting a smaller genetic gain than the current standard AFC. Nevertheless, additional research should be conducted regarding this trait to assess the economic importance of its use in dairy buffalo production systems. 相似文献
9.
The magnitude of radiocaesium fixation by micaceous clay minerals is affected by their transformation, which depends on weathering in soil. The net retention of radiocaesium traces was quantified by sorption–desorption experiments in the various horizons of four sandy soils forming an acid brown earth–podzol weathering sequence derived from sandy sediments and characterized by marked changes in mineral composition. The features of the 2:1 minerals of the four soils, resulting from an aluminization process in depth and a desaluminization process towards the surface, had a strong influence on Cs+ fixation. Beneath the desaluminization front, which deepens from the acid brown earth to the podzol, hydroxy interlayered vermiculite was dominant and the 137 Cs+ fixation was the weakest. At the desaluminization front depth, vermiculite was responsible for the strongest 137 Cs+ fixation. In the upper layers, smectite appeared in the podzolized soils and the 137 Cs+ fixation decreased. The magnitude in Cs+ fixation therefore appeared as a tracer of the transformation process affecting the 2:1 clay minerals in the acid brown earth–podzol weathering sequence. This magnitude was positively correlated with the vermiculite content of the studied soil materials estimated by the rubidium saturation method. 相似文献
10.
Soybean seed coat chitinase as a defense protein against the stored product pest Callosobruchus maculatus 下载免费PDF全文
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