Parataxonomy,perceived dynamics and diversity of uses of two Detarium species in Benin (West Africa)     

Houénon  Gbèdomèdji Hurgues Aristide  Djossou  Andriano Jospin  Kouhinkpo  Ergor Yenoukounme  Salako  Kolawolé Valère  Tchobo  Fidèle Paul  Adomou  Aristide Cossi  Yédomonhan  Hounnankpon 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(6):2627-2654

The contribution of species providing non-timber forest products to the livelihoods of local communities is well established. However, this contribution may be limited by the existence of confusion while dealing with close relative species. This is particularly the case for Detarium microcarpum Guill & Perr. and D. senegalense J.F.Gmel. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify the criteria used by local communities to differentiate D. microcarpum and D. senegalense, (2) determine local communities’ perception of the past dynamics of the two species and (3) assess the diversity of uses of both species. Data on differentiation criteria, perceived variation in the species abundance, and the different uses were collected using individual semi-structured interviews (n?=?914 informants). The relative frequency of citation and the use-value were calculated. The Chi-square test, correspondence analysis and generalized linear model were used for statistical analyses. Informants used fourteen criteria to differentiate the two species. The predominant criteria were the shape of the seed (87.86%) and the shape of the fruit (67.86%). Most of the informants reported that the populations of D. microcarpum (61.80%) and that of D. senegalense (60.12%) have regressed. In total, 168 use-reports were enumerated for the two species with 19 shared use-reports. We concluded that local communities use a variety of criteria to differentiate both species, the most popular being morphological traits of the fruits. Both species shared several use-reports (11.31%). However, their populations have declined. The documented uses for both species provide preliminary information for their future food uses and drug discovery.

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Interplay Between Oxytetracycline and the Homozygote kdr (L1014F) Resistance Genotype on Fecundity in Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes     

Adand A Medjigbodo  Eric G Sonounameto  Oswald Y Djihinto  Emmanuella Abbey  Esther B Salavi  Laurette Djossou  Athanase Badolo  Luc S Djogbnou 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2021,21(4)

The insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes has remained the major threat for vector control programs but the fitness effects conferred by these mechanisms are poorly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study aimed at testing the hypothesis that antibiotic oxytetracycline could have an interaction with insecticide resistance genotypes and consequently inhibit the fecundity in An. gambiae. Four strains of An. gambiae: Kisumu (susceptible), KisKdr (kdr (L1014F) resistant), AcerKis (ace-1 (G119S) resistant) and AcerKdrKis (both kdr (L1014F) and ace-1 (G119S) resistant) were used in this study. The different strains were allowed to bloodfeed on a rabbit previously treated with antibiotic oxytetracycline at a concentration of 39·10^–5 M. Three days later, ovarian follicles were dissected from individual mosquito ovaries into physiological saline solution (0.9% NaCl) under a stereomicroscope and the eggs were counted. Fecundity was substantially lower in oxytetracycline-exposed KisKdr females when compared to that of the untreated individuals and oxytetracycline-exposed Kisumu females. The exposed AcerKis females displayed an increased fecundity compared to their nontreated counterparts whereas they had reduced fecundity compared to that of oxytetracycline-exposed Kisumu females. There was no substantial difference between the fecundity in the treated and untreated AcerKdrKis females. The oxytetracycline-exposed AcerKdrKis mosquitoes had an increased fecundity compared to that of the exposed Kisumu females. Our data indicate an indirect effect of oxytetracycline in reducing fecundity of An. gambiae mosquitoes carrying kdr^R (L1014F) genotype. These findings could be useful for designing new integrated approaches for malaria vector control in endemic countries.  相似文献