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Weber D Raymond P Ben-Rejeb S Lau B 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(5):1604-1610
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of the tryptic digest of a cleaned-up food matrix extract was used for the detection of milk allergens. The emphasis of this study was on casein, which is the most abundant milk protein and is also considered the most allergenic. A sample cleanup method was developed using an ion exchange column and centriprep device. Cookies spiked with milk powder from 0 to 1250 ppm were extracted, cleaned up, and either digested directly by trypsin or further cleaned up by gel electrophoresis before digestion. The peptide mixture was analyzed on a capillary LC-quadrupole time-of-flight system. Two marker peptides from alphaS1-casein were identified and used for prescreening. The MS/MS data from the mass spectrometry system were processed with Masslynx v4.0 and submitted for database search using either ProteinLynx Global Server or Mascot for protein identification. The LC-MS/MS method, using casein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a reference, was tested on the cookie matrix and was extended to other sample matrices. There were good agreements between the two. This LC-MS/MS method provides a valuable confirmatory method for the presence of casein. It also allows the simultaneous detection of other milk allergens. 相似文献
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An invasive population of Burmese pythons (Python molurus bivittatus) is established across several thousand square kilometers of southern Florida and appears to have caused precipitous population declines among several species of native mammals. Why has this giant snake had such great success as an invasive species when many established reptiles have failed to spread? We scored the Burmese python for each of 15 literature-based attributes relative to predefined comparison groups from a diverse range of taxa and provide a review of the natural history and ecology of Burmese pythons relevant to each attribute. We focused on attributes linked to spread and magnitude of impacts rather than establishment success. Our results suggest that attributes related to body size and generalism appeared to be particularly applicable to the Burmese python's success in Florida. The attributes with the highest scores were: high reproductive potential, low vulnerability to predation, large adult body size, large offspring size and high dietary breadth. However, attributes of ectotherms in general and pythons in particular (including predatory mode, energetic efficiency and social interactions) might have also contributed to invasion success. Although establishment risk assessments are an important initial step in prevention of new establishments, evaluating species in terms of their potential for spreading widely and negatively impacting ecosystems might become part of the means by which resource managers prioritize control efforts in environments with large numbers of introduced species. 相似文献
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Adejumo Sifau Adenike Arowo Dorcas Omotayo Ogundiran Mary Bosede Srivastava Prashant 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2020,23(3):273-288
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Crops are constantly faced with the challenges of different abiotic stresses on the field. Development of sustainable approach for stress amelioration on... 相似文献
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- 1. Many turtle species frequently suffer major injuries due to attempted predation or anthropogenic factors. Diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) are one species known to be affected by anthropogenic activity, but little is known about the causes of injuries. In declining diamondback terrapin populations, learning more about causes and results of injuries can be helpful in developing sound management plans.
- 2. Patterns of limb loss and major shell injuries were examined in a population of terrapins studied for 24 years at Kiawah Island, South Carolina to infer the causes and effects of injuries and possible predators on terrapins.
- 3. The rate of shell injuries increased temporally, possibly as a result of increased watercraft activity. Because no differences in rates of limb loss were found between males and females, limb loss probably results from aquatic encounters (i.e. limb loss does not appear to be the result of terrestrial predation during nesting). Furthermore, males experienced reduced body condition when injured, and terrapins with a major injury had lower survivorship than uninjured terrapins.
- 4. Therefore, in addition to reducing sources of mortality and protecting nesting habitat, measures to protect terrapins from watercraft activity may increase the survivorship of adult terrapins.
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A recent publication concerning the analysis of residues of the herbicide chlormequat in cotton seed by gas chromatography contains a significant error. A derivative prepared by reacting pentafluorothiophenol with chlormequat is actually produced by the reaction of the initial product of demethylation of chlormequat with a second molecule of pentafluorothiophenol. As the derivative is not derived from the chlormequat backbone, the method is not specific to chlormequat and could be misleading to an analyst using it or adapting it to other produce. 相似文献
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Christianah Olubunmi Kayode Gideon Olajiire Adeoye Dorcas Tinuke Ezekiel-Adewoyin Olufemi Emmanuel AyanfeOluwa David Ogundeji Ogunleti Adenike Fisayo Adekunle 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(17):2113-2122
This experiment evaluated the potentials of cocoa pod husk (CPH)-based compost on okra and soil chemical properties. Three CPH-based compost: CPH+ Neem leaf (CPH+ NL), CPH+ Poultry manure (CPH+ PM) and CPH+ PM+ NL were prepared. The treatments; 25, 50, 75, 100 kg N/ha of each compost and NPK mineral fertilizer at 40, 50, 60 kg N/ha and control, were applied to 5 kg soil each and arranged in a completely randomized design in three replicates. Two varieties of okra (NH47-4 and LD88) were grown for six weeks and residual effect evaluated. The Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium uptake of okra were determined. Pre- and post-cropping soil analyses were done. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and means separated by Duncan Multiple Range Test at α0.05. The results showed that the nutrient uptake of okra consistently increased with CPH-based compost compared to control in both main and residual cropping. Nitrogen uptake ranged from 53.6 (60 kg N/ha NPK) to 106.7 (50 kg N/ha CPH+ PM) and 16.10 (50 kg N/ha NPK) to 55.06 (25 kg N/ha CPH+ PM+ NL); Phosphorus uptake ranged from 6.9 (25 kg N/ha CPH+ NL) to 24.1 (60 kg N/ha NPK) and 3.70 (25 kg N/ha CPH+ NL) to 9.98 (50 kg N/ha CPH+ PM+ NL), while potassium uptake ranged from 166.4 (25 kg N/ha CPH+ NL) to 244.48 (25 kg N/ha CPH+ PM+ NL) and 64.06 (40 kg N/ha NPK) to 122.29 (75 kg N/ha CPH+ NL) mg/plant in main and residual cropping, respectively. Organic carbon, pH, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) were also significantly increased by the CPH-based compost. It could, therefore, be concluded that CPH-based compost could be a good fertilizer for okra production. 相似文献
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