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Natural fires on forest bogs significantly affect all the groups and fractions of peat organic matter. The type and intensity of the fires are responsible for the depth of the pyrogenic transformation of peat. In the course of thermal destruction of peat organic matter, humus substances (humic acids in particular) are accumulated, which leads to changes in the type of humus; the humus reserves may increase by 1.5–8 times. Several ways of the formation of humus components related to the intensity of a fire are suggested. The regressive evolution of bog ecosystems caused by fires is a reversible process. The humus status of pyrogenically transformed horizons and their morphology are preserved within the peat deposit as a relic characteristic of the discrete metamorphosis of the soils. 相似文献
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A procedure for the production of conjugates of soybean peroxidase (SbP) oxidized by sodium periodate and anti-mouse IgG antibody (Ab) was optimized. A sandwich chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determination of mouse IgG using SbP and specific Ab was developed, and SbP-catalyzed oxidation of luminol was carried out in the absence of any enhancer. Comparison of conjugates produced by labeling Ab by soybean and horseradish peroxidases in the chemiluminescent ELISA showed that in the case of SbP a rate of emission decay formed through luminol oxidation was significantly lower. Application of the soya enzyme allowed the development of the immunoassay with improved sensitivity and a wider linear range. 相似文献
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T. T. Efremova A. F. Avrova S. P. Efremov N. V. Melent’eva 《Eurasian Soil Science》2009,42(10):1120-1129
In the litters (peaty, weakly decomposed, and strongly decomposed) of bog birch forests, the biochemical transformation of
plant material includes several discrete stages. The best prediction of the decomposition stages is the set of indices characterizing
the humus status of the soils: the C/N ratio, (ΣHA + ΣFA)/Cpolysaccharides, and the contents of humic and fulvic acids of fraction 1 in the groups of plant debris of different sizes. The discrimination
of the litters according to the level of the biochemical transformation of the organic residues was observed when using the
(ΣHA + ΣFA)/Cpolysaccharides ratio, which is 6.3 in the peaty litter and 11.2 and 18.4 in the weakly decomposed and strongly decomposed litters, respectively.
The biochemical classification of litters in the bog birch forests is in agreement with the morphological classification of
litters. 相似文献
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Eurasian Soil Science - The differences between eutrophic peat soils (Hypereutric Sapric Histosols) and peaty gleyzems (Eutric Histic Gleysols) 20 years after a forest-peat fire have been studied... 相似文献
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A new type of cattle hemoglobin is found in animals of the African Muturu breed. It is called D, has a slower rate of migration than Hb A on starch gels and can be explained by the occurrence of a fourth allele HbD. 相似文献
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The physicochemical properties, enzymatic activity, number and biomass of soil microorganisms was determined by direct microscopic methods in the anthropogenically changed loamy sandy-loamy soddy-pale-podzolic soils under forest parks (the city of Mogilev) with the predominance of meadow-weed plants in the ground cover. The urban environment had a more toxic influence on the biological activity of the soils than recreation. A more intense transformation of the litter substrate and accumulation of biogenic elements was revealed in the old-plowed sandy loamy soils under the urban coniferous-deciduous plantations as compared to these processes in the soils of the recreational pine forests in the vicinity of Mogilev. 相似文献
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A typological series of native Betula pubescens Ehrh. dendrocenoses along the channel of a river crossing a bog was studied. The variability of the mineral element reserves is described by geostatistical methods as the sum of a trend, autocorrelation, and random components. The contribution of deterministic and random components has been assessed in the years with average precipitation and in the year of 2007 with high and long-term flooding. The empirical variograms and the parameters of the model variograms are presented. The class of the spatial correlation of the ash reserves is described. A primary cause of the ash content’s variability is the specific water regime, which is determined by the following: (i) the abundance and duration of the spring floods responsible for the silt mass brought by the river and (ii) the draining effect of the intrabog river, the distance from which provided the formation in the forest of the ground cover with the specific species composition and ash content. The falloff of the arboreal layer in the bog birch forests formed the fundamental mineral background of the litter. 相似文献
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Maria V. Churova Olga V. Meshcheryakova Aleksey E. Veselov Denis A. Efremov Nina N. Nemova 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(4):1117-1130
This study was conducted to characterize the energy metabolism level and the features of muscle growth regulation during the development of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) inhabiting the Indera River (Kola Peninsula, Russia). The activities of aerobic and anaerobic enzymes (cytochrome c oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase) and carbohydrate metabolism enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and aldolase) were measured in muscle and liver tissue. Gene expression levels of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), myostatin (MSTN-1a), and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs—MyoD1a, MyoD1b, MyoD1c, Myf5, myogenin) were measured in the white muscles of salmon parr of ages 0+, 1+, 2+, and 3+ and smolts of ages 2+ and 3+. Multidirectional changes in the activity of enzymes involved in aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism with age were shown in the white muscles of the parr. The cytochrome c oxidase activity was higher in muscles of underyearlings (0+) and yearlings (1+) and decreased in 2+ and 3+ age groups. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase, in contrast, increased with age. The patterns of changes in expression levels of MyoD1a, MyoD1b, myogenin, MyHC, and MSTN-1a at different ages of the parr were similar. Particularly, the expression of these genes peaked in the yearling parr (1+) and then decreased in elder groups. The differences were revealed in parameters studied between the parr and smolts. The level of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism enzyme activities was higher in the white muscles of smolts than in parr. The activity of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes was decreased in the smolts’ livers. The expression levels of MyHC, MyoD1a, MyoD1b, and myogenin were lower in smolts at age 2+ compared to parr. These findings expand our knowledge of age-related and stage-related features of energy metabolism and muscle development regulation in young Atlantic salmon in their natural habitat. The results might be used for monitoring of the salmon population during restoration and rearing. 相似文献