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Smaro Lykidou Evangelos Karanikas Ioannis Tsagalias Nikolaos Nikolaidis Eforia Tsatsaroni 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(9):1697-1707
Three new bis azo reactive dyes of different metallic salts (Na, K, Li) were synthesized. The synthesis was obtained by diazotization of 4-amino-2:5 di methoxy phenylene-beta hydroxyl ethyl sulphone sulphate ester and coupling with 1-amino-8-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid (H-acid) (moles ratio 2:1). The dyes were purified-concentrated by ultrafiltration technology, characterized and applied on cotton, wool and nylon 6,6 fabric by exhaustion (dyeing) and by ink-jet printing. Fastness properties of the dyeings were measured. Wash fastness was investigated according to international standard methods and was found to be very good to excellent in all cases, while light fastness values were medium to low. Ink-jet ink formulations were prepared using the ultra filtrated reactive blue dyes UF RB(a-c) and their properties pH, conductivity, surface tension and viscosity were monitored over a period of 90 days. The inks were used to print digitally cotton and nylon 6,6 samples and wash- and light fastness properties of the prints were measured. Wash fastness properties were excellent while light fastness values are low Colour measurements of the dyeings and prints were conducted. 相似文献
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Serafeim C. Chaintoutis Evangelos Kiossis Nektarios D. Giadinis Christos N. Brozos Corinne Sailleau Cyril Viarouge Emmanuel Bréard Maria Papanastassopoulou Stéphan Zientara Orestis Papadopoulos Chrysostomos I. Dovas 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(1):251-255
During March 2013, we investigated the presence and the levels of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) circulation in three dairy cow herds and three sheep flocks in Central Macedonia, Greece. In two cow herds, a high number of abortions had been observed during the winter. Six bulk-tank milk samples and 147 individual sera were screened for SBV-specific antibodies by ELISA. Positive reactions were obtained from 5 out of 6 bulk-tank milk samples, 58 out of 90 sera from the 3 cow herds, and 2 sera from 2 of the 3 sheep flocks. Twenty-two ELISA-positive sera were tested by serum neutralization test (SNT). SNT confirmed the presence of neutralizing antibodies against SBV in all samples tested, with titers ranging between 1:32 and ≥1:256. No neutralizing antibodies against Akabane virus (AKAV) or Shamonda virus (SHAV) were detected, indicating that neutralizing antibodies against SBV do not cross react with AKAV or SHAV in SNT. ELISA testing of bulk-tank milk samples proved to be convenient and reliable. None of the tested sera was found positive for SBV by real-time RT-PCR, indicating that the sampling was conducted past the viremia stage. This is the first report of SBV circulation in Greece. 相似文献
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Panagiotis-Dimitrios Katsoulos Nektarios D. Giadinis Serafeim C. Chaintoutis Chrysostomos I. Dovas Evangelos Kiossis Georgios Tsousis Vassilios Psychas Ioannis Vlemmas Theologos Papadopoulos Orestis Papadopoulos Stéphan Zientara Harilaos Karatzias Constantinos Boscos 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(3):469-477
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MST. Esmat A. Begum Mohammad I. Hossain Evangelos Papanagiotou 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(5):641-654
This study estimates the levels and determinants of farm‐level technical efficiency of shrimp farmers, using the stochastic production frontier function involving a model for technical inefficiency effects. A sample of 90 brackish water shrimp farms were surveyed in the region of Shyamnagar Upazila of the Satkhira District, Bangladesh, to study their economic efficiencies. Data were collected, using a questionnaire survey from September to October 2011. The mean technical efficiency level of the shrimp farmers was estimated at 82%, and thus, farmers operate 18% below the production frontier. The results suggest that the inefficiency effect is significant, and that education, age, non‐farm income and distance of the farm are significant determinants of technical inefficiency. By operating at full technical efficiency levels, shrimp production can increase from the current yield of 225.56 to 265.28 kg/ha. Besides improving technical efficiency, technological progress and extension services (such as dissemination of proper information of the technological practices and further adoption of technological practices) can also contribute to increased shrimp production levels. Finally, quality feed and fingerling at affordable prices need to be ensured to further promote shrimp production. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT The effect of volatiles from cv. Isabella (Vitis labrusca) on the growth of Botrytis cinerea was tested in vitro and in situ, in the latter case on 'Roditis' grapes (V. vinifera), at various temperatures. The goal of the research was to determine whether the volatiles emitted by Isabella grapes could be effective biocontrol agents of Botrytis cinerea. The closed Mariotte system was used as a bioassay method to analyze quantitatively the biological action of these volatiles on fungal growth and disease development. The in vitro experiments revealed the inhibitory action of the Isabella volatiles on the sporulation and sclerotia formation of the fungus, as well as the stimulating action of the Roditis volatiles on the sporulation of the fungus. The in situ study confirmed the antifungal action of the Isabella volatiles as they reduced the inoculum and pathogenicity of B. cinerea. The antibiotic action was more pronounced at 21 degrees C. The study indicates that Isabella volatiles act as biocontrol agents of B. cinerea. 相似文献
7.
George Arampatzis Evangelos Hatzigiannakis Andreas Panagopoulos Aikaterini Karyoti Ioannis Vrouchakis Theodore Karyotis 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(17):2232-2240
Water availability is an important factor for irrigated agriculture in the Mediterranean countries, because it affects significantly crop production. Surface soil samples were collected in Merambelo area located in Eastern Crete and analyzed. High values for exchangeable potassium and magnesium values were recorded and can be attributed to intensive fertilization and soil heredity factors. Groundwater quality based on two sampling campaigns performed during two irrigation periods. Three different scenarios were taken into account regarding the height of water application by means of irrigation. The contribution and the effects of nutrients and micronutrients from irrigation water to the soil was calculated, on the basis of the mean determined concentrations and the volume of applied irrigation. Significant variation was recorded in most soil properties, and these differences may be attributed to different mobility of nutrients, erosion factors, fertilization practices, and hydraulic soil properties. 相似文献
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Evangelos I. Beris Dimitrios P. Papachristos Anastasia Fytrou Spyridon Α. Antonatos Dimitrios C. Kontodimas 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(2):275-284
The pathogenicity of local isolates of the entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, Isaria fumosorosea (Wize) (formerly Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wise) Brown & Smith) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) were evaluated under laboratory conditions against pupae and adults of Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) via different routes of exposure. Average mortality of pupae after immersing them into spore suspensions was in general low and ranged from 18.7 to 23.9 % depending on fungal species and dose applied. However, adults obtained from treated pupae appeared to have higher mortality rates compared to control with all fungi and doses tested. Adults’ average mortalities ranged from 41.9 to 88.0 % after exposing them to EPF either by feeding on a mixture of conidial suspension and artificial food or by bodily contact with conidia, depending on fungal species, dose and method of exposure. The proportion of cadavers, pupae or adults, that produced visible signs of mycosis ranged from 40.4 to 73.3 % with the exception of those that were exposed to M. anisopliae. In that case, none of the insects that died after exposure to conidia of M. anisopliae developed visible mycelium on their surface. Moreover, confining treated with untreated adults indicated horizontal conidial transmission in some cases. Our results indicate that EPF might be a promising biological control agent for the Mediterranean fruit fly and could be utilised with different modes of application: soil application against pupae and cover or bait sprays against adults. 相似文献
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Evangelos J. Biblis 《Wood Science and Technology》1967,1(3):231-238
Summary In addition to the deflection due to pure bending in a beam, there is a shear force in all cases of non-uniform bending and a further deflection, due to shear stresses. This additional shear deflection usually is assumed to be negligible and is not considered in computing the total deflection of a beam. In the case of two-species laminated wood beams, due to the development of greater shear stresses, the percentage of shear deflection further increases and failure to take it into consideration may introduce errors of considerable magnitude in determining the distortion of the beam. It is shown here that the percentage of shear deflection can be considerable, approaching the amount due to pure bending. Furthermore it is shown that the magnitude of shear deflection depends on both the span to depth ratio of the beam and the elastic properties of the species involved. It increases as the effective span to depth ratio of the composite beam decreases and as the core ratio of pure modulus of elasticity to modulus of rigidity increases.
The experimental work of this study was conducted at the Yale School of Forestry in cooperation with the Office of Naval Research. Department of the Navy, under contract No. 609 (13), Project NR 330-001, Properties of Tropical Woods. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Zu der Verformung eines Balkens unter reiner Biegung tritt bei der Einwirkung ungleichförmiger Biegekräfte eine zusätzliche Verformung, die durch eine Schubkraft und die daraus resultierenden Schubspannungen verursacht wird. Von dieser zusätzlichen Schubverformung nimmt man gewöhnlich an, daß sie vernachlässigt werden kann. Sie wird daher bei der Berechnung der Gesamtverformung eines Balkens nicht mit berücksichtigt. Im Falle von Schichtholzbalken aus zwei verschiedenen Holzarten erhöht sich der Anteil der Schubverformung, verursacht durch das Auftreten größerer Schubspannungen noch weiter, und die Vernachlässigung kann bei der Bestimmung der Gesamtformveränderung zu beträchtlichen Fehlern führen. Es wird gezeigt, daß der Anteil der Schubverformung hoch sein und sich der Größe der reinen Biegeverformung deutlich nähern kann. Es wird ferner nachgewiesen, daß die Größe der Schubverformung vom Verhältnis der Stützweite zur Dicke des Balkens und von den elastischen Eigenschaften der verwendeten Holzarten abhängt. Die Schubverformung erhöht sich, wenn das wirksame Verhältnis von Spannweite zu Dicke des Schichtholzbalkens ansteigt und wenn das Verhältnis zwischen reinem E-Modul und Schubmodul ansteigt.
The experimental work of this study was conducted at the Yale School of Forestry in cooperation with the Office of Naval Research. Department of the Navy, under contract No. 609 (13), Project NR 330-001, Properties of Tropical Woods. 相似文献