排序方式： 共有44条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
人类对各种生物的基因组结构和功能的研究都需要确定DNA序列在染色体上的位置。与遗传图相比,物理图反映了基因或DNA标记之间在染色体上的真实距离。依其作图方法分为三类,即限制性酶切图谱、重叠群图谱和DNA序列图谱。重叠群物理图是将获得的大片段克隆,如YAC、BAC克隆,依其在染色体上的真实顺序排列而成,主要应用于基因组测序、重要基因的图位克隆、靶分子标记开发及比较基因组学研究等,特别是为那些由于缺乏合适的作图群体而不能建立遗传图的物种提供了一个重要的从事基因组学研究的平台。本文综述了近年来重叠群物理图构建研究的主要进展,比较分析了不同重叠群物理图谱构建方法的特点,提出了改进物理作图质量的建议,认为应根据基因组不同区域的特点,综合特异性探针的杂交、PCR筛选、酶切指纹分析、BAC克隆STC延伸、BAC末端测序等多种方法才能完成重叠群的构建。此外,物理图的构建还应努力整合各种基因组的资源和数据,如遗传连锁图、分子细胞遗传图、DNA序列图、EST数据等,这将有助于提高其在基因组学研究中的使用价值及应用范围。文章最后对重叠群物理图的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
2.
通过显微镜检查对来源于全国各地的37种出口观赏鸟进行了血液原虫调查。共检查血样1144份，结果为：血液原虫的检出率为2．1％，主要是血变原虫和／或疟原虫。感染季节以秋冬两季为主，易感鸟品种主要是白腰文鸟、红喉歌鸲、蓝歌鸲、暗绿绣眼鸟、豆冠、白燕、情侣鹦鹉。 相似文献
3.
Degradation of Geogrids under Cyclic Tensile Load 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The degradation characteristics of geogrids have important influence on the stability of reinforced embankments and retaining walls. A series of unidirectional cyclic load-extension tests under stress control were carried out on plastic geogrids. The influence of cyclic tension, pretension and load frequencies on strain and degradation characteristics of geogrids was studied. It is observed that, with the increase of cyclic tension and pretension and the decrease of load frequencies, the accumulative plastic strain and degradation index of geogrids increase, and the stiffness of geogrids decreases. Based on experimental data, the empirical equation for softening of geogrids was proposed. A modified Iwan model was put forward to describe the stress-strain relationship of the geogrids subjected to cyclic tensile load. The proposed model was proved to be reasonable by comparing the experimental data with the numerical results. 相似文献
4.
Within-boll yield components are the most basic contributors to lint and seed yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), which is a major source of natural fiber and edible oil throughout the world. Little information is available on genetic effects and heterosis of these traits in cotton. Three cotton cultivars and six breeding lines differing in within-boll yield components were used for this study. Parents and their F1 progeny with reciprocals from a 3×6 factorial mating design were grown at Jiangxi Agricultural University experimental farm in 2008 and 2009. Seven within-boll yield components and two boll bur characters were analyzed under an additive-dominance genetic model with genotype and environment interaction. Additive effects were significant for all traits and dominance effects were significant for all traits except seed mass per seed. Genetic variances for lint mass per seed, SM/S and boll bur weight were primarily additive variances ranging from 39.6 to 58.9 %. Lint mass per boll and seed number per boll variances were primarily due to dominance genetic effects ranging from 36.4 to 48.8 %. Dominance and additive effects were equally important for boll weight, seed mass per boll and boll bur percentage. Additive and additive × environment effects were more important than other effects for lint percentage. A802-1 had the best mean performance and additive effects increasing BW, SM/B, S/B and SM/S, but reduced LP and LM/S. A9-1 and Lu40534 had additive effects associated with increasing LP. The two crosses A9-1×Lu40534 and Tezsh×33B were detected with favorable heterozygous dominant effects and heterosis over best parent for BW, LP, LM/B, SM/B and S/B. Favorable genotypic and phenotypic correlations were identified between within-boll lint yield components (LM/B, LM/S) and within-boll seed yield components (SM/B, S/B, SM/S). These results indicate that simultaneous genetic improvement of multiple within-boll yield components can be expected in breeding populations derived from these cotton cultivars and breeding lines. 相似文献
5.
3-D Dynamic Response of Reinforced Embankment and Track System Subjected to Moving Traffic Load 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An analytic method was used to study the dynamic response of track system on reinforced embankment subjected to moving traffic load. Based on Biot's dynamic poro-elastic theory, dynamic analytical model of track system and reinforced embankment was established. The rails were described as an infinitely long Euler beam subjected to moving axle loads and sleepers were represented by continuous mass. Reinforced embankment embedded between track system and poro-elastic subsoil was modeled as a transversely isotropic layer. Subsoil was fully saturated poroelastic medium governed by the Biot's theory. Using the Fourier transform, the governing equations were then solved analytically in the frequency-wave-number domain. The time domain responses were obtained by the inverse Fourier transform computation. The influences of the train velocity, thickness of reinforced layer, load amplitude and reinforcement's ratio on the displacement responses of rails were carefully investigated. Computed results show that the vertical displacement of rails increases with the increase of load speed initially and decreases later. The displacement of rails with reinforced embankment is less than the ones without reinforced embankment. The displacement of rails increases with the increase of load amplitude and decreases with the increase of reinforcement's ratio. 相似文献
6.
7.
陆地棉棉铃组分性状的基因型差异及与产量的关系 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了探明陆地棉不同产量潜力品种棉铃性状的特点,于2008—2009年比较了3个大铃基因型与3个小铃基因型棉铃组分性状的差异。结果表明,大铃基因型的单铃纤维重、单铃种子重及单铃种子数显著高于小铃基因型,单粒种子重和单粒种子纤维重差异不显著。简单相关分析表明,单铃种子数与公顷皮棉产量呈极显著正相关(0.660**),但偏相关系数或直接通径系数较小或为负值(0.179,-0.052);而单株种子数与公顷皮棉产量的简单相关系数、偏相关系数和直接通径系数均为显著或极显著的正值(0.771*,0.650**,0.917**)。因此,单株种子数可作为皮棉产量选择的可靠指标。单粒种子纤维重和铃壳率受基因型效应的显著影响,受年份效应和年份×基因型互作效应的影响均不显著。说明单粒种子纤维重和铃壳率主要受遗传因素的影响,受环境因素的影响较小。 相似文献
8.
Feiyu Tang Li Chen Deyi Shao Tao Wang Meiliang Zhang 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(6):763-775
A field study was conducted in 2013 and 2014 where cotton was exposed to three N regimes: (1) the control without N application (low N); (2) 260 kg N ha?1 (medium N); (3) 520 kg N ha?1 (high N). Boll size, lint mass per boll, seed mass per boll, fiber length and strength were significantly decreased under N deprivation in the two years. The increased carbohydrate levels of LSCB (leaf subtending the cotton boll) led to decreased carbohydrate levels of fibers in the low N relative to the other N treatments. The low N embryos exhibited lower starch concentrations at 17 and 31 DPA (days post anthesis), and TNC (total nonstructural carbohydrate) concentrations at 17, 31, 45 and 52 DPA compared to medium N embryos. Starch levels in LSCB had negative associations with those in fibers at 17, 31 and 45 DPA, but positive associations with those in embryos at 24 and 45 DPA. Fibers expressed negative associations with embryos in glucose level at 24 and 38 DPA, and in TNC levels at 17 and 45 DPA. The study suggests that carbon assimilate levels in fibers and embryos could explain the difference in boll yield components and fiber quality. 相似文献
9.
高品质棉与抗虫棉杂交株型性状的遗传及与产量性状的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用增广NCⅡ设计,以5个高品质陆地棉品种（系）为母本,5个转基因抗虫棉品种（系）为父本组配的25个杂交组合为材料,研究主要株型性状的遗传效应、杂种优势及与产量性状的相关性。结果表明,株高、始果枝高、果枝数和果节数的平均中亲优势较小,但不同组合间差异较大,均符合加性遗传模型。遗传相关分析表明,株高与株铃数、单株皮棉重呈极显著正相关;果枝数与株铃数呈极显著正相关,与铃重呈极显著负相关;果节数与株铃数、衣分和单株皮棉重呈显著正相关。株型性状与产量性状间的关联性主要是由果节数与株铃数、铃重的相关引起。研究结果为高品质抗虫棉理想株型性状的选育与调控具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
10.
新农村建设的目标是把农村建设成为经济繁荣、设施完善、环境优美、文明和谐的社会主义新农村.在新农村建设中,需要政府、企业以及非政府组织的三方面配合才能更好地实现这一目标.云南省非政府组织发展速度较快,使得其成为辅助新农村建设的重要力量.然而在其运行过程中,仍然存在许多问题需进一步探讨. 相似文献