Effect of water deficit in different growth stages on stem sap flux of greenhouse grown pear-jujube tree     

Fusheng Ma  Shaozhong Kang  Fusheng Li  Jianhua Zhang  Taisheng Du  Xiaotao Hu  Mixia Wang 《Agricultural Water Management》2007,90(3):190-196

The effects of water deficit in different fruit growth stages on the variation of stem sap flux of 6-year old greenhouse-grown pear-jujube trees were investigated. Treatments included sufficient water supply during the whole fruit-growing period (T₁), mild water deficit during the flowering–fruit setting stage (T₂), moderate water deficit during the fruit rapid growth stage (T₃) and severe water deficit during the fruit maturing stage (T₄). Results showed that significant compensation effect on stem sap flux after re-watering was observed in T₂, but not in T₃ and T₄ stages. At the end of rapid growth stage, the diurnal variation of stomatal conductance generally had a similar trend as that of stem sap flux, but with a distinct midday depression from 12:00 to 14:00 p.m. In addition, a linear relationship between the relative available soil water content (RAWC) and the ratio of daily stem sap flux to that of sufficient water treatment was observed (R² = 0.4489).  相似文献   

我国抹茶产业创新发展前景     

尹福生  王镇  尹娟  刘慧明  史云霞  胡慧婷 《中国茶叶》2020,(3):24-27

抹茶是一种纯天然超细微粉体绿茶,它最大限度地保持了绿茶的天然绿色以及营养、药理有效成分,具有较好的市场潜力和前所未有的发展机遇。本文介绍了抹茶的起源、现状及生产与加工技术,并从适制茶树品种创新、茶园管理模式创新、加工与制粉技术创新、品质安全与应用创新等方面展望我国抹茶的发展前景。  相似文献   

甘蔗与蔗茅杂交亲本及后代材料的抗旱性鉴定     

沈先岳  徐荣  吴清莲  谢林艳  孟玉  狄义宁  王先宏  何丽莲  李富生 《中国农学通报》2020,36(20):7-13

研究旨在筛选出优良抗旱育种材料,为今后甘蔗抗旱育种和抗旱栽培技术提供重要的理论依据。采用盆栽干旱处理,测定蔗茅野生种无性系、甘蔗栽培品种（系）及其杂交后代共12份材料苗期与抗旱相关的8项生理生化指标,利用极点排序法对供试材料的抗旱性进行了综合评价。结果表明：干旱胁迫下,12份供试材料的Pro、MDA、SS及PMP均呈上升趋势,SP、Chl和SOD活性呈下降趋势,CAT活性有升有降。极点排序法分析表明,12个供试材料的抗旱强弱为：‘蔗茅99-2’>‘蔗茅99-1’>‘蔗茅99-4’>‘蔗茅I91-8’>‘蔗茅99-3’>‘蔗茅90-29’>‘滇蔗01-58’>‘滇蔗04-14’>‘滇蔗02-39’>‘蔗茅II91-2’>‘新台糖10’>‘崖城89-9’,说明蔗茅优质抗旱性状可以通过基因渗透方式传递给后代。在苗期干旱胁迫下,‘蔗茅99-2’在渗透调节等方面表现出积极的生理响应。  相似文献   

Relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination and water use efficiency under regulated deficit irrigation of pear-jujube tree   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ningbo Cui  Taisheng Du  Shaozhong Kang  Fusheng Li  Xiaotao Hu  Mixia Wang  Zhijun Li 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(11):1615-1622

To investigate the relationship between stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) of different organs and water use efficiency (WUE) under different water deficit levels, severe, moderate and low water deficit levels were treated at bud burst to leafing, flowering to fruit set, fruit growth and fruit maturation stages of field grown pear-jujube tree, and leaf stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ_L) at different growth stages and fruit stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ_F) at fruit maturation stage were measured. The results indicated that water deficit had significant effect on Δ_L at different growth stages and Δ_F at fruit maturation stage. As compared with full irrigation, the average Δ_L at different growth stages and Δ_F at fruit maturation stage were decreased by 1.23% and 2.67% for different water deficit levels, respectively. Δ_L and Δ_F among different water deficit treatments had significant difference at the same growth stage (P < 0.05). Under different water deficit conditions, significant relationships between the Δ_L and WUE_i (photosynthesis rate/transpiration rate, P_n/T_r), WUE_n (photosynthesis rate/stomatal conductance of CO_2, P_n/g_s), WUE_y (yield/crop water consumption, Y/ET_c) and yield, or between the Δ_F and WUE_y and yield were found, respectively. There were significantly negative correlations of Δ_L with WUE_i, WUE_n, WUE_y and yield (P < 0.01) at the fruit maturation stage, or Δ_L with WUE_i and WUE_n (P < 0.01) over whole growth stage, respectively. Δ_F was negatively correlated with WUE_y, WUE_n and yield (P < 0.05), but positively correlated with ET_c (P < 0.01) over the whole growth stage. Thus Δ_L or Δ_F can compare WUE_n and WUE_y, so the stable carbon isotope discrimination method can be applied to evaluate the water use efficiency of pear-jujube tree under the regulated deficit irrigation.  相似文献   

Variability in energy partitioning and resistance parameters for a vineyard in northwest China     

Sien Li  Fusheng Li  Shaozhong Kang 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(6):955-962

Grapevines are extensively grown in the semiarid and arid regions, but little information is available on the variability of energy partitioning and resistance parameters for the vineyard. To address this question, an eddy covariance system was applied to measure energy balance over a vineyard in northwest China during 2005-2006. Result indicated that 2-year average Bowen ratio (β) of vineyard was 1.0, canopy resistance (r_c) 289.3 s m⁻¹, aerodynamic resistance (r_a) 9.7 s m⁻¹ and climatological resistance (r_i) 117 s m⁻¹. This implied that the annual energy was split almost equally between sensible heat and latent heat. Compared to the corresponding values in other ecosystems reported by Wilson et al. [Wilson, K.B., Baldocchi, D.D., Aubinet, M., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Dolman, H., Falge, E., Field, C., Goldstein, A., Granier, A., Grelle, A., Halldor, T., Hollinger, D., Katul, G., Law, B.E., Lindroth, A., Meyers, T., Moncrieff, J., Monson, R., Oechel, W., Tenhunen, J., Valentini, R., Verma, S., Vesala, T., Wofsy, S., 2002. Energy partitioning between latent and sensible heat flux during the warm season at FLUXNET sites. Water Resource Research 38, 1294-1305.], the vineyard had a higher β, r_c and r_i than deciduous forests, corn and soybean, and grassland. Such difference was mainly attributed to (1) serious water stress in 2005, which resulted in a greater r_c up to 364.4 s m⁻¹; (2) sparse canopy with row spacing of 2.9 m and plant spacing of 1.8 m; (3) warm-dry climate and high attitude (1581 m) along with higher r_i and lower psychrometer (54 Pa K⁻¹) in the arid region of northwest China. These characters of vineyard revealed varying process of energy partitioning and surface resistance, and provided a scientific basis in understanding and modeling water and energy balance for the vineyard in the semiarid and arid regions.  相似文献   

亚热带2种针叶林土壤碳氮磷储量及化学计量比对混交的响应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

徐芷君  刘苑秋  方向民  陈伏生  刘晓君  刘鹏溟  袁新月  吴高洋 《水土保持学报》2019,33(1):165-170

针叶林混交阔叶树是改善土壤肥力、增强林地养分循环的重要措施,而混交效应受到针叶树种自身特性的影响,马尾松(Pinus massoniana)和湿地松(P.elliottii)是亚热带地区广泛种植的针叶树种,但目前2种针叶林对阔叶树混交的响应特征还不清楚。选取马尾松、湿地松纯林以及木荷(Schima superba)补植后形成的马尾松—木荷和湿地松—木荷混交林为研究对象,采集剖面土壤样品,测定土壤容重、有机碳(OC)、全氮(TN)和全磷(TP)含量,计算碳氮磷储量及化学计量特征,比较不同森林类型间的异同。混交阔叶树显著增加了马尾松林0—60cm各土层OC含量,而湿地松纯林与其混交林间OC含量无显著差异。同时,混交增加了2种针叶林土壤TN含量。马尾松林混交后0—60cm土层碳储量显著增加95.8%,而混交阔叶树对湿地松林土壤碳储量无显著影响。混交阔叶树后马尾松和湿地松林0—60cm土壤总氮储量分别增加了15.8%和28.4%,但混交对土壤磷储量无显著影响。混交显著增加了马尾松林0—40cm各土层C/N,而降低了湿地松林0—10cm土层C/N。混交阔叶树后马尾松林0—20cm土层C/P和0—10cm土层N/P显著增加,而混交仅增加湿地林0—10cm土层N/P。混交阔叶树增加了针叶林土壤氮储量,但对磷储量无显著影响,同时混交改变了土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征。与湿地松林相比,马尾松林土壤养分含量、储量及其化学计量特征对混交的响应更敏感。  相似文献   

两种大豆蛋白-磷脂酰胆碱纳米乳液粉末化特性研究     

江连洲  张潇元  刘龄  李杨  陈复生  王中江 《农业机械学报》2018,49(4):359-365，74

将超声处理及高压均质后的纳米乳液,直接利用真空冷冻干燥法制备了大豆蛋白-磷脂酰胆碱的乳化粉末,并进一步通过扫描电子显微镜、激光粒径分析仪、红外光谱等手段对真空冷冻干燥粉末以及复原乳液的物理化学等特性进行研究。研究发现冻干粉末复原乳液水复溶性良好,基本保持了与原始乳液相同的纳米级粒径。扫描电子显微镜及冻干粉末的粒径分布显示超声和高压均质制备的纳米乳液粉末结构致密均匀,表面无裂缝和孔隙,且高压均质制备粉末的表面更为平整,粒径分布总体呈现单峰分布,粒径平均值仅为6.13μm。使用超声和高压均质制备的纳米乳液冻干粉末的包埋产率和效率均达到90%以上,同时超声制备的纳米乳液冻干粉末更有利于β-胡萝卜素的包埋,更好地防止β-胡萝卜素损失。采用红外光谱学实验验证后发现,高压均质制备纳米乳液粉末的蛋白α-螺旋与β-折叠结构含量较低。与大豆蛋白-磷脂酰胆碱纳米乳液相比,真空冷冻干燥粉末的储藏稳定性及货架期显著提高。  相似文献   

Evaluating eddy covariance method by large-scale weighing lysimeter in a maize field of northwest China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Risheng Ding  Fusheng Li  Ling Tong 《Agricultural Water Management》2010,98(1):87-95

Accurate determination of evapotranspiration (ET) is useful to develop precise irrigation scheduling. Although eddy covariance (EC) is a direct method which is widely used to measure ET, its performance in arid region of northwest China is not clear. In this study, ET measured by EC (ET_EC) was compared with that by large-scale weighing lysimeter (ET_L) during the whole growing season of maize in 2009. Energy balance ratio was 0.84 for daytime fluxes, indicating that lack of energy balance closure occurred, so daytime ET_EC was adjusted by Bowen-ratio forced closure method. Compared to the corresponding ET_L, half-hourly daytime ET_EC was underestimated by 21.8% without the adjustment and 4.8% with the adjustment. Furthermore, nighttime ET_EC was adjusted using filtering/interpolation method. Mean error between half-hourly nighttime ET_EC and ET_L decreased from 30.2% without the adjustment to 10.3% with the adjustment. After such adjustment of day and night measurements, daily ET_EC was underestimated by 6.2% compared to ET_L. These results indicated that the adjusted ET_EC well matched with the ET_L. Moreover, the discrepancy of adjusted total ET_EC and ET_L was decreased to 3.2% after subtracting the overestimated ET by lysimeter resulting from irrigation and heavy rainfall events. Thus, after appropriate adjustments of observations, eddy covariance method is accurate in estimating maize ET in the arid region of northwest China.  相似文献   

影响胚胎移植效益的因素分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

权富生  王光亚 《甘肃农业大学学报》1996,31(4):391-394

利用系统工程层次分析的方法，将影响胚胎移植效益的各因素给以定量化的研究，结果表明，技术因素对胚胎移植效益影响最大，占６６．９４％。在技术因素中，超排效果和移植成功率影响最大，对总效益的影响分别为３２．９９％和１５．６２％。  相似文献   

侧挂式电动移栽机系统开发          下载免费PDF全文

胡福生  周增产  卜云龙  董微  李秀刚  兰立波 《农业工程》2017,7(4):152-154

现有的大田使用的蔬菜苗移栽机,体积庞大,作业半径较大,动力一般为内燃机,作业时有废气排出,很难直接应用于温室内作业。侧挂式电动移栽机系统采用水平侧挂结构,尺寸小,转弯灵活;以直流电动机作为移栽动力,无废气排出,不会对温室内空气环境造成污染;更适合温室内移栽作业,不仅可以提高种植效率,也有利于降低劳动强度和劳动成本。   相似文献