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Joseph Otterman Avihu Ginzburg George Ohring Yuri Mekler 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1974,3(1):53-61
Israel is a participant in the Earth Resources Technology Satellite Program (ERTS). The imagery of Israel and vicinity taken by the Multi Spectral Scanner of the ERTS-1 Satellite has been the subject of analysis in a multidisciplinary research program. The objectives of the program are mapping of agricultural crops, mainly wheat and orange groves, mapping of natural vegetation, and studies for Israeli hydrology, arid regions research, geology, and oceanography. Cases of water, air, and soil pollution have been observed in the imagery on several dates, and are reported in this paper. These are: oil slicks in the Gulf of Suez and possibly near Haifa; smoke plumes, extending over some 100 km in a nearly straight line along the Gulf of Suez, and soil pollution caused by copper mine effluents in the Arava Valley in Israel. The images of these cases of pollution are presented and ‘space signatures’, i.e., the radiometric spectral characteristics of these cases of pollution as seen from space are also given. 相似文献
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The composition of humus in leached chernozems differs from that in gleyed podzolized chernozem-like soils in the northern forest-steppe zone of European Russia. Leached chernozems have the fulvate-humate humus. Gleyed podzolized chernozem-like soils have the humate-fulvate humus. A more aggressive composition of humus in the latter soils is caused by their overwetting and the development of gley processes under conditions of a stagnant-percolative soil water regime. 相似文献
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Vasil’chuk Yu. K. Belik A. D. Budantseva N. A. Gennadiev A. N. Vasil’chuk A. C. Vasil’chuk J. Yu. Zavgorodnyaya Yu. A. Ginzburg A. P. Bludushkina L. B. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2021,54(7):999-1006
Eurasian Soil Science - The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and carbon isotope composition in the peat of a palsa near Eletsky settlement, Vorkuta urban district, Komi Republic... 相似文献
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In the northern forest-steppe of European Russia, under the conditions of surface waterlogging (freshwater) and a stagnant-percolative
regime, gleyic podzolic chernozem-like soils with thick light-colored eluvial horizons are formed. These horizons are close
or similar to the podzolic horizons of bog-podzolic soils in many properties of their solid phase. They are bleached in color
and characterized by the removal of Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, and Mn and the relative accumulation of quartz SiO2. These soils differ from leached chernozems in their acid reaction and very low CEC, the presence of Fe-Mn concretions and
coatings, and the significant decrease in the clay content in the A2 horizon as compared to the parent rock.
The soils studied differ significantly from loamy podzolic and bog-podzolic soils by the composition of the clay minerals
in the A2 horizons: (1) no essential loss of smectite minerals from this horizon was found as compared to the rest of the
solum, (2) pedogenic chlorites (HIV and HIS) are absent, and (3) the distinct accumulation of illites is observed as compared
to the subsoil and parent material, probably, due to the process of illitization. 相似文献
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Harvester ants (Messor spp.) function as an essential link between aboveground resources and below-ground biota such as the microbial community.
We examined changes in soil microbial biomass and functional diversity resulting from harvester ant (Messor spp.) activity in the Negev Desert, Israel. Abiotic and biotic soil parameters were recorded during two seasons—wet and dry—also
representing food availability periods for the ants (low and high seed availability, respectively). Soil samples were collected
monthly from the 0- to 10- and 10- to 20-cm soil layers: (1) near the nest entrance, (2) under chaff piles, and (3) at a 2-m
radius from the nest entrance (control). Harvester ant activity increased the percentage of organic matter, total soluble
nitrogen, and microbial activity in nest-modified soils in comparison to the control soils. Higher CO2 evolution was recorded in the low-seed season in ant nest soils than in the control soils. During the high-seed season, higher
carbon dioxide evolution was recorded only at the nest entrance locations. There were no differences in microbial biomass
between the low- and high-seed seasons, but highest microbial biomass was found under chaff in low-seed season and in nest
soils in high-seed season. Microbial functional diversity was higher in nest-modified soils than in the control soils. This
study suggests that the effect of harvester ant nests on soil fertility is due to increased microbial biomass and microbial
activity in ant nest-modified soils. 相似文献
6.
Results from toxicological bioassays can express the likely impact of environmental contamination on biochemical function, histopathology, development, reproduction and survivorship. However, justifying environmental regulatory decisions and management plans requires predictions of the consequent effects on ecological populations and communities. Although extrapolating the results of toxicity bioassays to potential effects on the ecosystem may be beyond the current scientific capacity of ecology, it is possible to make detailed forecasts at the level of a population. We give examples in which toxicological impacts are either magnified or diminished by population-dynamic phenomena and argue that ecological risk assessments should be conducted at a level no lower than the population. Although methods recently proposed by EPA acknowledge that ecological risk evaluations should reflect population-level effects, they adopt approaches from human health risk analysis that focus on individuals. 相似文献
7.
Simulations show that when low-volume fractions of nanoscale rods are immersed in a binary, phase-separating blend, the rods self-assemble into needle-like, percolating networks. The interconnected network arises through the dynamic interplay of phase-separation between the fluids, through preferential adsorption of the minority component onto the mobile rods, and through rod-rod repulsion. Such cooperative effects provide a means of manipulating the motion of nanoscopic objects and directing their association into supramolecular structures. Increasing the rod concentration beyond the effective percolation threshold drives the system to self-assemble into a lamellar morphology, with layers of wetted rods alternating with layers of the majority-component fluid. This approach can potentially yield organic/inorganic composites that are ordered on nanometer scales and exhibit electrical or structural integrity. 相似文献
8.
Vasil’chuk Yu. K. Belik A. D. Budantseva N. A. Gennadiev A. N. Vasil’chuk A. C. Vasil’chuk J. Yu. Zavgorodnyaya Yu. A. Ginzburg A. P. Bludushkina L. B. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2021,54(9):1447-1447
Eurasian Soil Science - An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229321990011 相似文献
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