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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis‐vanillae is the causal agent of root and stem rot of vanilla 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Koyyappurath T. Atuahiva R. Le Guen H. Batina S. Le Squin N. Gautheron V. Edel Hermann J. Peribe M. Jahiel C. Steinberg E. C. Y. Liew C. Alabouvette P. Besse M. Dron I. Sache V. Laval M. Grisoni 《Plant pathology》2016,65(4):612-625
Root and stem rot (RSR) is a very detrimental disease of vanilla worldwide. Fusarium oxysporum is frequently associated with the disease but other Fusarium species are also reported. In this international study, 52 vanilla plots were surveyed in three of the most important vanilla producing countries (Madagascar, Reunion Island and French Polynesia) in order to determine the aetiology of RSR disease. Subsets from the 377 single‐spored Fusarium isolates recovered from rotten roots and stems in the surveys were characterized by molecular genotyping (EF1α and IGS gene sequences) and pathogenicity assays on Vanilla planifolia and V. ×tahitensis, the two commercially grown vanilla species. Fusarium oxysporum was shown to be the principal species responsible for the disease, representing 79% of the isolates recovered from the RSR tissues, 40% of which induced severe symptoms on inoculated plantlets. Fusarium oxysporum isolates were highly polyphyletic regardless of geographic origin or pathogenicity. Fusarium solani, found in 15% of the samples and inducing only mild symptoms on plantlets, was considered a secondary pathogen of vanilla. Three additional Fusarium species were occasionally isolated in the study (F. proliferatum, F. concentricum and F. mangiferae) but were nonpathogenic. Histopathological preparations observed in wide field and multiphoton microscopy showed that F. oxysporum penetrated the root hair region of roots, then invaded the cortical cells where it induced necrosis in both V. planifolia and V. ×tahitensis. The hyphae never invaded the root vascular system up to 9 days post‐inoculation. As a whole, the data demonstrated that RSR of vanilla is present worldwide and that its causal agent should be named F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis‐vanillae. 相似文献
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Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - An ambitious vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews) breeding program was started in Madagascar in the early 1950s to control Fusariosis, a serious... 相似文献
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Favre F&#;licien Jourda Cyril Grisoni Michel Piet Quentin Rivallan Ronan Dijoux Jean-Bernard Hascoat J&#;r&#;my Lepers-Andrzejewski Sandra Besse Pascale Charron Carine 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(6):2125-2139
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - The Vanilla genus is a complex taxonomic group characterized by a vegetative reproduction mode combined with intra- and inter-specific hybridizations, and... 相似文献
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A simple one-tube one-step RT-PCR assay with degenerate primers followed by direct sequencing of a 327 bp coat protein gene fragment was used to identify the potyviruses infecting vanilla. With this technique, unambiguous species allocation was achieved for 34 potyvirus-infected vanilla samples collected in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific areas between 1997 and 2005. Virus identification relied on blast homology and nucleotide identities of 162 to 327 nt fragments with known potyvirus sequences. Species allocation was confirmed by neighbour-joining of the 149 nt common to 32 vanilla sequences and 51 known potyviruses. Subject to further identification, these data revealed four additional Potyvirus species that may infect vanilla: Bean yellow mosaic virus , Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus , Ornithogalum mosaic virus and Wisteria vein mosaic virus . The procedure was rapid, cost-effective, easy to use and showed a good taxonomic discriminating value. It also enabled the identification of potyviruses in adjacent weeds and should thus aid the understanding of outbreaks of potyviruses occurring in varied epidemiological circumstances. 相似文献
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The sources of natural vanilla are the cured fruits of two obligatorily hand-pollinated and clonally propagated orchids: ‘Bourbon/Mexican vanilla’ (Vanilla planifolia G. Jackson) and ‘Tahitian vanilla’ (Vanilla tahitensis J.W. Moore). In this paper we describe for the first time the isolation and characterization of 14 microsatellite loci from V. planifolia. These were monomorphic within cultivated accessions, as expected from the probable single clonal origin of this crop and previous genetic studies. These markers were transferable to V. tahitensis and 11 loci were polymorphic between these two closely related species. Furthermore, some of these markers were transferable and polymorphic across 15 other wild American, African and Asian species and revealed consistent relationships between species, together with a strong pattern of Old World versus New World differentiation in the genus. These microsatellites will be very useful for diversity, hybridization and phylogeographic studies in the genus Vanilla. 相似文献
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A. Richard K. Farreyrol B. Rodier K. Leoce-Mouk-San M. Wong M. Pearson M. Grisoni 《Crop Protection》2009,28(10):870-877
The results of long term virus surveys in intensively cultivated vanilla plots in the Society Islands (French Polynesia), between 1999 and 2007 are reported here. The data confirmed a potential for high incidence of aphid borne viruses in particular Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) as well as the non vectored Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV). CMV had a particularly high prevalence (over 30% of the plots) and could severely damage up to 50% of the vines before blossom. Severe outbreaks of CMV were correlated to the presence of the weed Commelina diffusa as a reservoir of virus and aphid vectors. The application in 2003 of simple prophylactic measures resulted in a sharp reduction of virus incidence in new plantations, compared to levels of virus diseases recorded in the previous decade. Indeed, at the beginning of fruiting, the incidence of aphid borne viruses did not exceeded 1.6% of vines for the 29 shade houses which adopted the virus prophylaxis. The three remaining shade houses were severely (20–50%) infected by WMV or CymMV because of the planting of virus-infected cuttings. These results demonstrate the benefit of implementing prophylaxis at the scale of an archipelago, and widen the possibilities of developing intensive cultivation of vanilla in other areas confronted with similar virus constraints. 相似文献
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Séverine Bory Michel Grisoni Marie-France Duval Pascale Besse 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(4):551-571
The genus Vanilla belongs to the Orchidaceae family and Vanilla planifolia, probably endemic from tropical forests in Eastern Mexico, is the main source for commercial vanilla. There has recently
been an important number of publications covering Vanilla taxonomy, particularly using molecular genetics, but the taxonomy of the genus is still unclear and numerous synonyms remain.
Recent studies showed that inter-specific hybridization and perhaps even polyploidization played an important role in the
evolution of the genus. There has also been an important increase in the knowledge of the genetic diversity and reproductive
biology of V. planifolia in natural conditions, showing that mating system diversity exists in Vanilla and that this genus could be a good model to study the role of fragrance in orchid evolution. Recent studies on the genetic
consequences of V. planifolia domestication are also presented and raise major scientific questions regarding the origin of phenotypic diversity in a vegetatively
propagated crop. Finally, all these studies have demonstrated the urgent need for preservation of the genetic resources of
V. planifolia (primary and secondary gene pools, and cultivated resources) and current conservation efforts are presented. 相似文献
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