Effect of cyclodextrin diallyl maleate on methane production, ruminal fermentation and microbes in vitro and in vivo   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zeenat Ara LILA  Nazimuddin MOHAMMED  Noriko TATSUOKA  Shuhei KANDA  Yuzo KUROKAWA  Hisao ITABASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(1):15-22

Effects of β‐cyclodextrin diallyl maleate (CD‐M) on methane production, ruminal fermentation and digestibility were studied both in vitro and in vivo. In in vitro study, diluted ruminal fluid (30 mL) was incubated anaerobically at 38°C for 6 and 24 h with or without CD‐M using hay plus concentrate (1.5:1) as a substrate. The CD‐M was added at different concentrations (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 g/L). The pH of the medium and numbers of protozoa were not affected by the addition of CD‐M. Total volatile fatty acids were increased and ammonia‐N was decreased, molar proportion of acetate was decreased and propionate was increased (P < 0.05) by CD‐M. Methane was inhibited (P < 0.05) by 14–76%. The effect of CD‐M on methane production and ruminal fermentation was further investigated in vivo using four Holstein steers in a cross‐over design. The steers were fed Sudangrass hay and concentrate mixture (1.5:1) with or without CD‐M (2% of feed dry matter) as a supplement. Ruminal proportion of acetate tended to decrease and that of propionate was increased (P < 0.05) 2 h after CD‐M dosing. Total viable counts, cellulolytic, sulfate reducing, acetogenic bacteria and protozoa were unaffected while methanogenic bacteria were decreased (P < 0.05) by CD‐M. The plasma concentration of glucose was increased, whereas that of urea‐N was decreased (P < 0.05). Methane was inhibited (P < 0.05) from 36.4 to 30.1 L/kg dry matter intake by the addition of CD‐M. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber were not affected while that of crude protein was increased (P < 0.05) in the medicated steers. These data suggested that dietary supplementation of CD‐M decreased methane production and improved nutrient use.  相似文献   

Effects of cyclodextrin-iodopropane complex on methane production, ruminal fermentation and microbes, digestibility and blood metabolites in steers     

Nazimuddin MOHAMMED  Zeenat Ara LILA  Noriko TATSUOKA  Koji HARA  Katsuhiko MIKUNI  Kozo HARA  Shuhei KANDA  Hisao ITABASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(2):131-137

The effects when adding cyclodextrin‐iodopropane complex (CD‐IP) to a diet, on ruminal fermentation and microbes, digestibility, blood metabolites and methane production, were evaluated using four Holstein steers in a cross‐over design. The steers were fed Sudangrass hay plus concentrate mixture at a ratio 1.5:1, and CD‐IP (1% of dry matter) was given twice daily by mixing with concentrate mixture. Rumen and blood samples were collected at 0, 2, and 5 h after morning dosing. Ruminal pH and numbers of protozoa were unaffected by CD‐IP treatment. Ruminal molar proportion of acetate was decreased (P < 0.05), and propionate was increased (P < 0.01) at 2 h after CD‐IP dosing. Proportion of butyrate was increased (P < 0.05) and ammonia‐N was decreased (P < 0.05) at 2 and 5 h after CD‐IP dosing. Adding CD‐IP had no effect on the feed intake and digestion of nutrients. Plasma glucose was increased and urea‐N was decreased (P < 0.05) at 2 and 5 h after CD‐IP dosing. Methane production was decreased (P < 0.05) by approximately 18% in the treatment steers. Numbers of methanogenic bacteria were decreased (P < 0.05), while total viable counts, cellulolytic, sulfate reducing and acetogenic bacteria were unaffected. The present results are the first to show that CD‐IP can partially inhibit in vivo ruminal methanogenesis without adverse effects on digestion of nutrients.  相似文献   

奶牛日粮中添加瘤胃保护γ-亚麻酸制剂对血液和乳中γ-亚麻酸含量的影响     

张凤梅  吐日根白乙拉  板橋久雄 《中国草食动物》2005,25(5):9-11

连用5头经产荷斯坦泌乳中期奶牛，日粮中添加瘤胃保护γ-亚麻酸制剂（RPGLA），通过比较添加前后血浆和乳中γ-亚麻酸（GLA）含量变化，探讨了RPGLA的添加对血液和乳中γ-亚麻酸含量的影响。RPGLA中含有脂肪52．5％和γ-亚麻酸3．5％。每天分别早晚两次饲喂150gRPGLA，试验期间的日粮和饲养管理是一致的。添加前测定一次血浆和乳中GLA含量．添加后测定了5次。结果显示：RPGLA添加后血液中GLA含量显著提高（P〈0．05）。添加前乳中GLA含量（mg／kg）及其产量（mg/d）分别为11．5和310．3，而添加后第4、9、14、19、22天分别为25．7、19．0、26．3、24．8、27．7和663．0、493．1、737．7、705．0、769．7．均显著增加（P〈0．05）。以上结果表明：泌乳牛日粮中添加瘤胃保护γ-亚麻酸可大幅度提高血浆和乳中γ-亚麻酸含量。  相似文献   

CT cholangiography in dogs with gallbladder mucocoele          下载免费PDF全文

S. Hayakawa  K. Sato  M. Sakai  K. Kutara  K. Asano  T. Watari 《The Journal of small animal practice》2018,59(8):490-495

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Laryngeal mask airway and transient hypercapnic hyperpnea for video‐endoscopic assessment of unilateral laryngeal paralysis in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel M. Sakai MV  DACVAA  Manuel Martin‐Flores MV  DACVAA  Amanda K. Jones PhD  Galina M. Hayes BVSc  PhD  DACVECC  DACVS‐SA  Marina J. McConkey DVM  DACVS‐SA  Jonathan Cheetham VetMB  PhD  DACVS‐LA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(4):543-548

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Effects of atelocollagen gel containing bone marrow-derived stromal cells on repair of osteochondral defect in a dog     

Yamazoe K  Mishima H  Torigoe K  Iijima H  Watanabe K  Sakai H  Kudo T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(8):835-839

To clarify the contribution of autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), an atelocollagen gel containing or not containing fluorescently-labeled canine MSCs was transplanted into an osteochondral defect which did not repair spontaneously and the histological repair of the defect was compared. Although an early repair of the cartilage was not observed in either defect, the reproduction of subchondral bone was remarkable in the MSCs-implanted defect. Moreover, in 2 weeks after operation, the implanted MSCs were located in the deeper regions of the defect, suggesting the differentiation of osteoblasts. There was a possibility that the movement of the implanted MSCs was due to an increase in intra-articular pressure from postoperative inflammation.  相似文献   

Isolation and chemiluminescent properties of ferret (Mustela putorius furo) polymorphonuclear cells     

Nakata M  Itou T  Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1321-1324

Ferret polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated from whole blood by density gradient centrifugation. Using a 50% Percoll solution (density=1.066), PMNs and PBMCs were successfully isolated after centrifugation; the purities of the PMNs and PBMCs were 94.2% and 95.6%, respectively. To evaluate the function of isolated ferret PMNs, we measured the superoxide generation with a MCLA-dependent chemiluminescence assay. The isolated ferret PMNs responded to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) with kinetics similar to that of human PMNs. The ferret PMNs did not respond to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF), unlike human PMNs, which rapidly responded. Thus, authors established a method for the rapid separation of highly purified populations of functional PMNs from the whole blood of ferrets.  相似文献   

Phylogenetic characterization of rabies virus isolates from Carnivora in Brazil     

Kobayashi Y  Inoue N  Sato G  Itou T  Santos HP  Brito CJ  Gomes AA  Santos MF  Silva MV  Mota CS  Ito FH  Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(7):691-696

The incidence of canine rabies has been widely reported in Brazil, and new rabies virus (RV) variants, genetically similar to canine RV, have recently been isolated from foxes. In order to derive the epidemiological characteristics of Brazilian Carnivora RV, Brazilian RVs isolated from dogs, cats, and foxes were genetically analyzed. Brazilian Carnivora RV isolates were divided into 2 main lineages. The predominant lineage was found in dogs and cats, which included the Argentinean and Bolivian Carnivora RV isolates, and was extensively distributed throughout Brazil and surrounding countries. The other lineage consisted of three sublineages containing Brazilian dog and fox RV isolates, with the dog sublineages located on an internal branch of 2 fox sublineages, suggesting that RV transmission events might have occurred between foxes and dogs in the past. These results suggest that contact between dogs and wildlife has the potential to generate new rabies variants and that it is important to control RV infection cycles in both dogs and wildlife to prevent spread of rabies infection.  相似文献   

Establishment of testicular and ovarian cell lines from Honmoroko (Gnathopogon caerulescens)     

Shogo Higaki  Yoshie Koyama  Emi Shirai  Tomoya Yokota  Yasuhiro Fujioka  Noriyoshi Sakai  Tatsuyuki Takada 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(3):701-711

We succeeded to establish cell lines from endemic fish species Honmoroko Gnathopogon caerulescens, which inhabits Lake Biwa, the third oldest lake in the world. Two cell lines designated as RMT1 and RMO1 were established from testis and ovary of G. caerulescens, respectively. These cell lines were initially cultured in Leibovitz’s L-15 medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS), fish embryo extract, epidermal growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor. Further addition of forskolin and β-mercaptoethanol was required to establish and maintain these cell lines for more than 60 passages. RMT1 and RMO1 cells showed fibroblast- and epithelial-like morphology, respectively. From immunocytochemical staining and gene expression patterns, RMT1 cells showed a characteristic of testicular Sertoli cells and RMO1 cells did that of ovarian theca cells. Both RMT1 and RMO1 cells multiplied well in the medium supplemented with 10 % FBS at 28 °C and their minimum population doubling times were 24.4 and 28.8 h, respectively. At the 45th passage, most of the RMT1 and RMO1 cells had a hyperploid set of chromosomes (67.3 and 96.1 %, respectively). Cells with normal diploid chromosome set were not observed. RMT1 cells were transfected with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression vector and human elongation factor 1 α promoter worked efficiently to express EGFP. In addition, EGFP-expressing cell lines were also established, suggesting that the cell lines could be utilized as an in vitro monitor system (biosensor) for the evaluation of endocrine disruptors which might affect gonadal function.  相似文献   

Identification of ommastrephid squid paralarvae collected in northern Hawaiian waters and phylogenetic implications for the family Ommastrephidae using mtDNA analysis     

Toshie Wakabayashi  Nobuaki Suzuki  Mitsuo Sakai  Taro Ichii  Seinen Chow 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(3):494-502

ABSTRACT:   A total of 110 adult individuals from four ommastrephid (family Ommastrephidae) squid species ( Ommastrephes bartramii, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, Eucleoteuthis luminosa, and Hyaloteuthis pelagica ) were used to obtain diagnostic DNA markers for species identification. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a partial segment (855 bp) of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the restriction profiles of two endonucleases ( Alu  I and Tsp 509 I) were diagnostic for species identification. The restriction assay partially supplemented with nucleotide sequence analysis successfully assigned 69 damaged and morphologically equivocal ommastrephid paralarvae collected in northern Hawaiian waters, identifying 60 O. bartramii , eight S. oualaniensis , and one E. luminosa . The family Ommastrephidae appears to be monophyletic. Although the phylogenetic relationships among genera were not resolved well due to apparent homoplasy and large genetic divergence between species, COI sequence data without transitions provided support for subfamily level relationships.  相似文献