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1.
Zdobnov EM von Mering C Letunic I Torrents D Suyama M Copley RR Christophides GK Thomasova D Holt RA Subramanian GM Mueller HM Dimopoulos G Law JH Wells MA Birney E Charlab R Halpern AL Kokoza E Kraft CL Lai Z Lewis S Louis C Barillas-Mury C Nusskern D Rubin GM Salzberg SL Sutton GG Topalis P Wides R Wincker P Yandell M Collins FH Ribeiro J Gelbart WM Kafatos FC Bork P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5591):149-159
Comparison of the genomes and proteomes of the two diptera Anopheles gambiae and Drosophila melanogaster, which diverged about 250 million years ago, reveals considerable similarities. However, numerous differences are also observed; some of these must reflect the selection and subsequent adaptation associated with different ecologies and life strategies. Almost half of the genes in both genomes are interpreted as orthologs and show an average sequence identity of about 56%, which is slightly lower than that observed between the orthologs of the pufferfish and human (diverged about 450 million years ago). This indicates that these two insects diverged considerably faster than vertebrates. Aligned sequences reveal that orthologous genes have retained only half of their intron/exon structure, indicating that intron gains or losses have occurred at a rate of about one per gene per 125 million years. Chromosomal arms exhibit significant remnants of homology between the two species, although only 34% of the genes colocalize in small "microsyntenic" clusters, and major interarm transfers as well as intra-arm shuffling of gene order are detected. 相似文献
2.
Snježana Zrnčić Dražen Oraić Ivana Giovanna Zupičić Željko Pavlinec Dragan Brnić Žaklin Acinger Rogić Ivica Sučec Dieter Steinhagen Mikolaj Adamek 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(6):673-685
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a very important fish species for warm-water aquaculture in Croatia. All Croatian carp farms are subjected to a surveillance programme for the presence of koi herpesvirus (KHV), causing a deadly disease called koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD). However, there is no surveillance for other viral pathogens of importance like carp edema virus (CEV), a causative agent of koi sleepy disease (KSD). During regular testing within the KHVD surveillance programme, we tested samples for CEV simultaneously. The screening indicated possible outbreaks of KHVD and KSD. During 2016, KHVD broke out in an isolated area and soon thereafter a KHV eradication programme was successfully performed. However, during 2018 and 2019, two additional mortality events occurred in lakes in the southern part of Croatia during the spring. Samples from both events tested positive for CEV. An epidemiological investigation confirmed the introduction of infected carps from an infected farm to one of the lakes. To prevent the spreading of CEV into open waters, it is of utmost importance to introduce CEV testing before fish movement or to perform regular testing of all carp farms in the country to determine CEV prevalence for the purpose of implementation of control measures. 相似文献
3.
The effect of repeated eye examinations and breeding advice on the prevalence and incidence of cataracts and progressive retinal atrophy in German dachshunds over a 13‐year period 
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Marko Šoštarić Željka Zgorelec Dinko Babić Ivana Šestak Ivica Kisić Milan Mesić Aleksandra Perčin 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(6):218
We present a study on the radioactivity of selected Croatian agricultural soils that vary considerably with respect to geological background; physical, chemical, and biological characteristics; soil type; land use; and soil management. Our investigation is focused on the main naturally occurring radionuclides (40K, 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 235U) and 137Cs as the most threatening long-lived anthropogenic radionuclide. We find that the radioactivity level is not influenced by the application of different soil amendments, at least in moderate quantities, and that no effect of soil management can be detected as well. In contrast, geological and location-specific properties influence radionuclide content in soil, especially regarding the naturally occurring ones. Moreover, physical and chemical soil properties such as texture and soil adsorption complex, respectively, seem to be the main factors regarding fixation of 137Cs in soil. Calculated dose rates for external exposure to the gamma radiation originating from soil have been found to be generally low, except for two locations where they are higher but not at a level that would lead to health problems for workers on the field. 相似文献
5.
Sinisa Djurasevic Svetlana Bojic Biljana Nikolic Ivica Dimkic Zoran Todorovic Jelena Djordjevic Dragana Mitic-Culafic 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2018,73(4):295-301
The gut microbiota is composed of a diverse population of obligate and facultative anaerobic microorganisms which are shown to influence host metabolism and immune homeostasis. This study investigated the effects of virgin coconut oil on the weekly fasting glycaemia, daily food and water intake and weekly body mass gain over 16 weeks, as well as the changes in composition of gut microbiota in both non-diabetic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Although the intake of virgin coconut oil did not decrease the diabetes-induced hyperglycemia, it affected the secondary parameters, such as food and water intake and average body mass gain. Furthermore, its potential to positively affect the fecal microbiome was proved, since it significantly increased the abundance of probiotic bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium species. 相似文献
6.
Mastelić J Jerković I Blazević I Poljak-Blazi M Borović S Ivancić-Baće I Smrecki V Zarković N Brcić-Kostic K Vikić-Topić D Müller N 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(11):3989-3996
Four derivatives of thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol were synthesized: 4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenol, 4,4'-methylenebis(5-isopropyl-2-methyl)phenol, 4-allyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenol, and 4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol. The obtained derivatives showed remarkably better antioxidative properties according to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay (50% inhibitory concentrations = 4-156 microg/mL) and Rancimat assay (protection factors = 1.55-5.84) when compared with parent compounds and values similar to or better than those of butylated hydroxytoluene and vitamin C. At concentrations of 10 mM carvacrol derivatives had no toxic effect on viability of Escherichia coli K-12 (determined by minimum inhibitory concentrations). Other phenol derivatives showed reduced cytotoxic effect on E. coli K-12 at concentrations of 2-5 mM on the basis of 50% lethal dose measurements. In comparison with the parent compounds, phenol derivatives showed reduced cytotoxic effect for Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells (determined by yeast colony reduction). On the other hand, the majority of synthesized compounds had dose-dependent antiproliferative effects on human uterine carcinoma cells (HeLa), which makes them potentially interesting for the adjuvant experimental cancer treatments. The 4,4'-methylenebis(5-isopropyl-2-methyl)phenol derivative of carvacrol showed lower inhibiting capacity also for the HeLa cells, which makes this particular derivative attractive as an efficient antioxidant with negligible cytotoxic effects. 相似文献
7.
Giannina Vizzotto Ivica Matosevic Roberto Pinton Zeno Varanini Guglielmo Costa 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(2-3):327-334
Many dicotyledonous species respond to iron (Fe) deficiency by morphological and physiological changes at root level, which are usually defined as Strategy I. Particularly, these latter modifications include a higher acidification of the external medium and the induction of a high root Fe reductase activity. The aim of this work was to investigate the response of kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward) plants, which often exhibit Fe chlorosis in the field, to Fe deficiency. Actinidia kept for two weeks in nutrient solution without Fe showed visual deficiency symptoms (leaf chlorosis). Moreover, upon prolonged micronutrient shortage shoot, and to a lesser extent, root dry weight accumulation was greatly impaired. Roots of Fe‐deficient Actinidia showed an increased capacity of net proton extrusion and higher ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate [Fe(III)EDTA] reductase activity as compared to plants grown in the presence of 10 μM Fe(III)EDTA. Localization of the increased acidification and reductase capacity by means of agar‐technique revealed that these activities are both present in the sub‐apical region of the roots. Re‐supply of Fe after two weeks partially reversed the tendency of the roots to acidify the nutrient solution and to reduce Fe(III)EDTA. 相似文献
8.
Željana Fredotović Ivica Šamanić Juraj Kamenjarin Jasna Puizina 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2017,64(8):1971-1983
Triploid onion, Allium × cornutum Clementi ex Visiani, 1842 (2n = 3x = 24), a vegetatively reproduced garden crop, possess a complex triparental genome organization with three putative parental species, A. cepa L., A. pskemense B. Fedtsch., and A. roylei Stearn. Two of its most studied clones are the Croatian ‘Ljutika’ and the Indian ‘Pran’, which are genetically highly similar. Earlier studies have shown that ‘Pran’ possesses some molecular markers in the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) identical to those of the unique male-sterile (S) cytoplasm, used for onion breeding. To find out whether ‘Ljutika’ also possesses a S-type of cytoplasm, we analyzed several cpDNA and mitochondrial (mtDNA) molecular markers. The PCR amplification and RFLP analysis of the chloroplast genes accD, atpF, petB and the mitochondrial gene cob, as well as the sequence analysis of the chloroplast matK and atpB-rbcL regions showed that ‘Ljutika’ possesses the male-sterile S-type of cytoplasm. The phylogenetic analysis of the matK and atpB-rbcL sequences of A. × cornutum, its parental species and other Allium species of the section Cepa showed that none of the analyzed species had the identical type of cpDNA as A. × cornutum. Results also suggested that A. pskemense can be excluded as a donor of the S-cytoplasm and a female parent, whereas cpDNA of A. roylei, although not identical to S-cytoplasm, possessed many polymorphisms of S-type. Fluorescent in situ hybridization, using fluorescently labelled parental genomic DNAs as probes in combination with fluorescently labelled 5S and 35S rDNAs enabled simultaneous visualization of the three genomes during meiosis and confirmed their homeologus intergenomic pairing. 相似文献
9.
Ivica Kisic Márta Birkás Aleksandra Jurisic Velibor Spalevic 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(3):403-413
The poor physical, chemical and biological properties make Stagnic Luvisol highly susceptible to water erosion on sloping terrains. The objective of this paper is to estimate the effect of different tillage treatments and crops (maize, soybean, winter wheat, spring barley, oilseed rape) on water erosion. The highest erosion in investigation period (1995–2014) was recorded in the control treatment with fallow, followed by the treatment that involved ploughing and sowing up and down the slope. Significantly, lower soil losses were recorded in no-tillage and treatments with ploughing and sowing across the slope. Regarding the crops significantly higher soil losses were recorded in spring row crops (maize and soybean) compared to high-density winter crops (wheat and oilseed rape) and double crop (spring barley with soybean). In the studied period, an average loss of 46 mm of the plough layer was recorded in the control treatment, while in treatment with ploughing and sowing up and down the slope average annual soil loss was 10 mm. According to the results of this study no-tillage and tillage across the slope are recommended as tillage which preserves soil for the next generations in agro-ecological conditions of continental Croatia. 相似文献
10.
Kovačević Goran Gregorović Gordana Kalafatić Mirjana Jaklinović Ivica 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,204(1-4):333-350
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution - The relative contribution of the main mechanisms that control indoor air quality in residential flats was examined. Indoor and outdoor concentration measurements... 相似文献