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Eighteen dogs with malignant melanoma of the oral cavity were treated with high-dose per fraction (0–7–21) radiation therapy. Eight hundred cGy was administered on days 0, 7, and 21 for a total dose of 2,400 cGy in 3 weeks. Of 17 dogs evaluated, 9 (53%) had a complete remission and 5 (30%) achieved a partial remission with an overall response rate of 83%. Local failure occurred in 2 of the 9 dogs where a complete response was initially observed. One dog died of intercurrent disease, and one died of metastatic disease without evidence of local recurrence. Five dogs are alive and free of disease 9 to nineteen months from the initiation of therapy. The 0–7–21 protocol was well-tolerated, and acute radiation reactions were low-grade and limited to the skin. The results of this study demonstrate that oral melanomas in dogs are responsive to radiation. 0–7–21 radiation therapy offers a viable alternative to radical excision, especially when tumor volume or location would require cosmetically or functionally debilitating surgery.  相似文献   
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Labile soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and heat-extracted carbon (HEC) are sensitive indicators of changing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is an important tool for studying SOC turnover and soil biological function. Several complications are involved in measuring DOC/HEC, for example salt ionic strength; solution pH; and anionic damage to elemental analyzer-IRMS. We evaluated a method for DOC/HEC analysis with 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (PPB). This method was strongly correlated with commonly used carbon (C) extractants for C quantification. Carbon-13 comparisons between DOC/HEC extracted with Milli-Q water and PPB were similar. The δ13C (‰) values of particulate OC and DOC were similar, whereas the relationship between humic OC and HEC was soil specific. An incubation experiment demonstrated that DOC/HEC δ13C (‰) successfully explained respired microbial carbon dioxide over 90 days. We conclude that this method represents an alternative for DOC/HEC quantification and δ13C (‰) analyses.  相似文献   
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A 5-year-old Saanen doe was presented with emaciation, good appetite, normal feces, and a dry flaky hair coat. Johne's disease was tentatively diagnosed. Gross postmortem findings were a thickened, corrugated ileum and enlarged edematous mesenteric lymph nodes. Histologically, there was extensive lymphocytic infiltration of the ileal lamina propria. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis could not be identified or cultured.  相似文献   
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This study was conducted to determine the effects of monensin or virginiamycin, or both on the performance of and some energy balance parameters in Holstein cows. Forty multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. The basal diet was a total mixed ration based on lucerne hay (38% of DM) and ground maize (34% of DM). The experimental treatments were (1) control diet (C); (2) control diet plus 15 ppm of monensin (M); (3) control diet plus 20 ppm of virginiamycin (V), and control plus M (15 ppm) plus V (20 ppm). Cows received 8 kg/d (as fed) of the experimental diets plus ad libitum Eragrostis curvula hay from 3 weeks prepartum and only the experimental diets from calving until 60 days postpartum. Cows were milked twice daily. Dry matter intake did not differ between treatments, but energy corrected milk production was increased (P < 0.10) by supplementing V + M (43.3 kg/d) when compared to treatments M (36.9 kg/d) and V (37.9 kg/d). Change in body weight tended (P = 0.11) to be lower for cows supplemented with V + M (− 8.1 kg/60 d) when compared to cows receiving the control diet (− 34.2 kg/60 d). Both treatments M and V respectively, decreased blood BHBA and treatment M increased blood glucose when compared to the control diet (P < 0.10). Results suggest a complimentary effect between the two additives monensin and virginiamycin when supplemented to early lactation cows.  相似文献   
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The 0–7–21 radiation therapy protocol was investigated as a palliative treatment in dogs with advanced malignancies. Twenty-four dogs with a variety of tumor types were irradiated using 800 cGy fractions given on days 0, 7, and 21. Twenty-three dogs were evaluated. Palliative response was assessed using a quality of life instrument developed for veterinary use. This pain score was based on owner response to questions regarding analgesic requirement, activity level, appetite, and degree of lameness in the affected dogs. Seventeen (74%) of the 23 dogs experienced complete pain relief, and 3 (13%) obtained partial relief. Of the 17 dogs that achieved a complete response, pain recurred in 8 at a median time of 70 days. Six dogs were alive and free of pain up to 557 days after irradiation. The 0–7–21 protocol was well tolerated; pain relief occurred quickly, and acute radiation reactions were negligible.  相似文献   
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