Changes in Physical Properties of Chernozems under the Impact of No-Till Technology     

Belobrov  V. P.  Yudin  S. S.  Yaroslavtseva  N. V.  Yudina  A. V.  Dridiger  V. K.  Stukalov  R. S.  Kluev  N. N.  Zamotaev  I. V.  Ermolaev  N. R.  Ivanov  A. L.  Kholodov  V. A. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2020,53(7):968-977

Eurasian Soil Science - This article presents the results of research on the impact of no-till technology on the natural bulk density and macro- and microaggregate composition of the topsoil...  相似文献   

Nonspecific organic compounds in peat soils of the Subpolar Urals     

N. A. Nizovtsev  V. A. Kholodov  V. A. Ivanov  Yu. R. Farkhodov  A. A. Dymov 《Eurasian Soil Science》2017,50(9):1048-1054

Specific features of organic matter, molecular composition and distribution of oxygen-containing nonspecific organic compounds (fatty acids, long-chain aliphatic alcohols, and ketones) were revealed in two peat soils on slopes of the Subpolar Urals: the eutrophic peat soil of the spring mire (Hemic Histosols) and the peat soil of a slope mire (Fibric Histosols). Compounds that can serve as molecular markers for some evolutionary stages of peats were determined for this area. Based on the data obtained, the most probable causes of differences in the composition of organic compounds in the peats studied were found to be the following: environmental conditions, water and mineral regime of bog, and differences in the composition of peat-forming plants.  相似文献   

The composition of humus in permafrost-affected soils of the Bol’shezemel’skaya and Kolyma tundra areas     

B. N. Zolotareva  L. A. Fominykh  L. T. Shirshova  A. L. Kholodov 《Eurasian Soil Science》2009,42(1):36-48

Tundra soils (except for the soils of barren circles) in the moderately and extremely continental tundra areas are characterized by the pronounced surface accumulation of humic substances. The humate-fulvate nature of humus is typical of the upper horizons of surface eluvial-gley soils, gley soils, and raw-humus mountainous brown soils; the C ha/C fa ratio in them varies from 0.5 to 0.91. The fulvate-humate nature of humus (C ha/C fa = 1.27–1.50) is typical of cryozems and sandy podburs. The first and the third fractions of humic substances (hs 1 and hs 3) predominate in the composition of humus. The coefficients of correlation (R) between the major parameters of soil humus and the physicochemical characteristics of tundra soils have been calculated. These coefficients between the contents of C org, C ha, C fa, C ha1, and C ha3 and the total acidity are equal to 0.73, 0.76, 0.72, 0.85, and 0.67, respectively; for the exchangeable Mg²⁺, their values are equal to 0.66, 0.88, 0.85, 0.74, and 0.90, respectively; and for the exchangeable Ca²⁺, 0.55, 0.47, 0.39, 0.41, and 0.61, respectively (p < 0.05). The composition of exchangeable cations and the total acidity specify the conditions of fractionation of humic substances in the studied soils. The differentiation of the qualitative composition of humus in the profiles of tundra soils is well pronounced and is mainly controlled by the distribution of clay and fine silt particles.  相似文献   

The capacity of soil particles for spontaneous formation of macroaggregates after a wetting-drying cycle     

V. A. Kholodov 《Eurasian Soil Science》2013,46(6):660-667

The capacity of soil particles for spontaneous formation of aggregates >0.25 mm was studied in a laboratory experiment. The particles from soil aggregates (3-1 mm) (initially aggregated particles, APs) and initially free particles (FPs) of <0.25 mm in size were isolated from the soddy-podzolic and chernozemic soils under fallow and from the arable soddy-podzolic soil. The aggregates of 3-1 mm were ground and passed through a 0.25-mm sieve. Then, the aggregates and free particles were poured with water and dried, and the content of the formed aggregates and their water stability were determined; in the samples from the arable soddy-podzolic soil, the organic carbon content was also determined in the newly formed aggregates. The FPs from the untilled soils formed almost no aggregates. At the same time, the APs from these soils manifested the ability for the spontaneous formation of aggregates, including water-stable aggregates. In the arable soddy-podzolic soil, on the contrary, both FPs and APs demonstrated the capacity for spontaneous self-organization into aggregates. The water stability of the self-organized aggregates from the arable soil was similar regardless of their source (APs or FPs). It was supposed that the ability of the FPs from the arable soil to form macroaggregates reflects the mechanical degradation of the aggregates in the soil: tillage results in the degradation of the aggregates, and the particles capable of spontaneously aggregation temporarily fall in the fraction of <0.25 mm. The water-stable aggregates produced from the APs or FPs of the arable soil contained more organic carbon (1.89%) in comparison with the water-stable aggregates separated from the initial 3- to 1-mm aggregates of this soil (1.31%).  相似文献   

Mobilization of Soil Organic Matter by Ultrafresh Water: Modeling and Assessment of the Impact on the Mobility of Heavy Metals     

Grechishcheva  N. Yu.  Yaroslavtsev  N. V.  Kotelnikova  A. D.  Ostakh  O. S.  Kholodov  V. A.  Zavorotny  V. L.  Balaba  V. I. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2021,54(6):843-851

Eurasian Soil Science - The experiments on mobilization of soil organic matter during soil washing with ultrafresh water against the background of salinity pulsing were designed and performed....  相似文献   

Optical Properties of the Extractable Organic Matter Fractions in Typical Chernozems of Long-Term Field Experiments     

Kholodov  V. A.  Yaroslavtseva  N. V.  Farkhodov  Yu. R.  Yashin  M. A.  Lazarev  V. I.  Iliyn  B. S.  Philippova  O. I.  Volikov  A. B.  Ivanov  A. L. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2020,53(6):739-748

Eurasian Soil Science - The extractable fractions of organic matter (OM) differing in their mobility—water-extractable organic matter, labile humic substances, and humic substances—have...  相似文献   

Structure of humic acids in zonal soils from <Superscript>13</Superscript>C NMR data     

V. A. Kholodov  A. I. Konstantinov  A. V. Kudryavtsev  I. V. Perminova 《Eurasian Soil Science》2011,44(9):976-983

The structure of humic acids (HAs) in zonal soil types—soddy-podzolic soils (two samples), gray forest soil (one sample), and chernozems (two samples)—was quantitatively studied by ¹³C NMR spectros-copy. In the series considered, the content of unsubstituted carbon in the aromatic fragments of HAs increased, and the fraction of unsubstituted aliphatic structures decreased. HAs of soddy-podzolic soils were found to be enriched with carbohydrate fragments compared to HAs of chernozems and gray forest soil. The carbon skeleton of HAs from typical rich chernozem contained significantly more aliphatic and carbohydrate fragments compared to typical chernozem, which probably reflected the lower degree of HA transformation in rich chernozem.  相似文献   

Copper(II) binding by free and kaolinite-sorbed humic substances     

V. A. Kholodov  A. V. Kiryushin  N. V. Yaroslavtseva  A. S. Frid 《Eurasian Soil Science》2014,47(7):662-669

Humic preparations isolated from different sources—soils (a soddy-podzolic soil and a typical chernozem), high-moor peat, and brown coal—have been used. To analyze the binding of copper ions by humic substances (HSs), the preparations were obtained in two forms: solutions and humic-clay complexes (HSs irreversibly sorbed on kaolinite). With this approach, the binding of copper(II) ions by HSs has been studied in different systems: (1) Cu(II)-HSs irreversibly sorbed on kaolinite, (2) Cu(II)-dissolved HSs, and (3) Cu(II)-dissolved HSs-HSs irreversibly sorbed on kaolinite. In the systems containing both dissolved HSs and humic-clay complexes, HSs of similar structure isolated from the same source were used. The quantitative estimation of the copper binding was based on the constant of sorption (K) for HSs in humic-kaolinite complexes and the stability constant (β) of complexes for free (dissolved) substances. Both parameters were expressed in similar units: L/kg. The values of logK = 3.31—3.33 are independent of the quantity and quality of the HSs in the sorption complexes but reliably exceed the K value for pure kaolinite (2.92). The value of β is not affected by the presence of insoluble HSs together with their soluble forms, but it depends on the source of HSs. The value of logβ varies in the range from 5.62 to 6.93, which significantly exceeds K and indicates a significantly higher affinity of dissolved HSs for copper ions than that of irreversibly sorbed HSs. The revealed regularities have shown that the content of HSs in the soil solution can significantly affect the mobility of a heavy metal bound to the soil organic matter.  相似文献   

Assessing the Efficiency of Humic Substances as Washing Agents for Oil–Contaminated Soils and Peats under Model Experimental Conditions     

M. S. Rozanova  O. I. Mylnikova  O. I. Klein  O. I. Filippova  V. A. Kholodov  E. L. Listov  N. A. Kulikova 《Eurasian Soil Science》2018,51(9):1111-1117

Two humic preparations of different origins have been compared as washing agents for oil-contaminated soils and peat under model experimental conditions using a sample from the plow horizon of soddypodzolic soil artificially contaminated with oil or diesel fuel and a sample of high-moor peat contaminated with crude oil because of a spill occurred 15 years ago. Soil and peat were washed by shaking with solutions of the humic preparations Gumat Sakhalinskii and Lignogumat in a 1: 10 (m/v) ratio. Control samples were washed with distilled water. Washing with a synthetic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) was also added to the experimental design. After washing, soil and peat samples were air-dried and used for the determination of the total content of petroleum hydrocarbons; the characterization of their hydrocarbon composition; and the assessment of hydrophobicity from the contact angle and the efficiency of colonization by oil-destructing microorganisms Rhodococcus sp. and Candida sp., which are components of the preparation Bioros recommended for oil contaminations. It has been shown that the extraction efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbons by humic preparations did not differ from the extraction efficiency by water and was less than that by sodium dodecyl sulfate in all cases. No appreciable changes in the contact angles of soil and peat have been observed at the use of water and humic preparations as washing agents, while the contact angle decreased to less than 90o after washing with sodium dodecyl sulfate, which indicated the hydrophobicity of the surface of substrate particles. It has been found that humic preparations favor the colonization of soil and peat by oil-destructing microorganisms Rhodococcus sp. and Candida sp. Based on the obtained results, humic preparations have been recommended for further study as preparations favoring the ability of oil-destructing microorganisms to colonize oil-contaminated substrates.  相似文献   

Heterogeneity of Organic Matter of Aggregates of Protocalcic Chernozems     

Kholodov  V. A.  Farkhodov  Y. R.  Yaroslavtseva  N. V.  Ziganshina  A. R.  Maksimovich  S. V. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(7):998-1004

Eurasian Soil Science - Layers were step-by-step removed from macroaggregates (2–1 mm in diameter) of Protocalcic Chernozems via successive abrasion in a revolving rotator during 5, 10, 15,...  相似文献