一种茶叶鲜叶分级机的研制     

杨拥军  陈力航  傅海平  李维  刘红艳  刘伟英  包小村 《湖南农机》2013,(3):106-108,110

在茶叶生产过程中,鲜叶原料分级是其中重要工序之一。当前,茶叶生产企业普遍采用传统滚筒式鲜叶分级机进行分级,对于机采作业而然,存在着鲜叶分级等次少、分级效果差、损伤率高、不方便收集等系列问题,难以适应机采鲜叶的分级要求。针对于这一情况,我们设计了一种新型螺旋导向鲜叶分级机构。本设计增加了筛筒长度,将鲜叶筛选分为四级,增加了分选等级;同时,通过筛筒内设置的双螺旋导向叶片的阻隔作用,延长筛选时间,提升筛选质量,通过改变筛筒形状结构,选用新型复合材料和不锈钢材料,降低机械对鲜叶的损伤率;其次,采用抽屉式的收集结构,更方便筛选后鲜叶的收集。此外,采用风机进行初步分选,减少了鲜叶分级后短碎叶含量,提升了后续分选效果,通过这一系列的改进设计,有望整体提升鲜叶筛选的效率及分级效果,从根本上解决机采鲜叶的分级问题。  相似文献   

十字花科根肿病菌在不同温度、pH值条件下致病性差异研究（英文）     

裴卫华  李向东  杨佩文  曹继芬  毕云青  杨子林  芮文  马桂明  林兴华  周丽凤  杨明英 《农业科学与技术》2015,(1):112-115

[目的]探讨十字花科白菜根肿病菌在不同温度、pH值条件下致病性。[方法]采用根肿病菌和土壤混合法,在休眠孢子浓度1×108(个/g土)条件下,设置7个温度及6个土壤pH值梯度,进行根肿病菌对白菜致病性测定,90 d后拔根调查根肿病菌侵染发病情况。[结果]在pH值6时,不同温度梯度间白菜根肿病发病株率存在较大差异,其发病株率从高到低的温度为30℃25℃20℃35℃15℃10℃5℃。5℃和10℃条件下,其根肿病菌侵染力弱,不发病或发病株率较低;15~30℃条件下随温度升高发病率增加,但在35℃条件下,发病株率降低。温度25℃条件下,pH值为4、5、6、7、8、9的白菜发病株率分别为80.36%、100%、65%、10.77%、3.23%、0.0%。pH值4发病率虽高,但白菜生长受抑制,生长弱,存活率低。pH值7和8时,发病率较低,pH值9时没有发病,在pH值5和6时,植株生长良好,发病率也较高。[结论]该研究结果表明根肿病菌侵染发病与温度、土壤pH值关系密切。  相似文献   

MUC13腹泻抗性纯合杜洛克种群的选育研究     

阮国荣  何晓芳  黄晶  肖石军  陈金雄  李军山  刘亚轩  孙耀华  陈福珍  林国忠 《农业科学与技术》2015,(2)

MUC13是控制仔猪大肠杆菌 F4ac易感或抗性的主效基因。该研究利用分子育种与常规育种技术、闭锁继代与开放选育相结合的综合方法,对250头杜洛克育种核心群实施连续3个世代的基因检测和性能测定,筛选出 MUC13抗性纯合基因型种群。经测试,在相同饲养管理条件下,哺乳期的同胎次20窝育种群母猪与20窝扩繁群母猪相比,断奶前仔猪腹泻发生率分别为8.7%和18.4%（P＜0.01）,但断奶成活率两组间差异未达到显著水平（P＞0.05）;对育种群3个世代的测定选育结果分析发现,第1和第3世代间达100 kg体质量日龄差异不显著（ P＞0.05）、但活体背膘厚相比减少1.46 mm（P＜0.05）,同时还发现,3个世代中 MUC13不同基因型个体间生长速度和活体背膘差异均不显著（ P＞0.05）。综上说明,MUC13基因抗性纯合有利于防止仔猪腹泻的发生并能有效降低活体背膘,但对生长发育没有明显影响。  相似文献   

核桃细菌性疫病菌的特性及其与核桃内生菌的竞争     

傅本重  邹路路  李美凤  邢献敏  杨瑞青  陈铭  朱洁倩 《中国南方果树》2019,(1):89-93

为了明确从湖北省丹江口市核桃病幼果上分离到的一株核桃细菌性疫病菌DW3F3的基本形态、生理生化特性、致病性相关特征以及与寄主内生菌的互作关系,对该病原菌进行了显微观察、生物膜形成测定,不同培养基上多糖和色素含量测定,18项生理生化指标测定,通过毛细管法和滴落法观察其趋化作用,并测试其与寄主内生菌的竞争能力。结果表明,病原菌DW3F3为杆状,极生鞭毛,有运动性,能形成生物膜。DW3F3在YPGAI、King's B和NA培养基上生长较好,而在NYG、PDA和LB培养基上产生多糖和色素较多。DW3F3有较强的耐盐性,致死温度达60℃,对纤维素和淀粉都有较强的分解能力,对HCl、NaCl和寄主叶片表现出一定的趋性。在与核桃叶部内生菌的共培养中,DW3F3表现出一定竞争优势。DW3F3有树生黄单胞菌核桃致病变种(Xanthomonas arboricola pv.juglandis,Xaj)的基本特征及致病相关特性,这些特征可能与其致病性强及病害难以控制有关。  相似文献   

早熟高产晚稻新品种湘优196示范表现及其配套栽培技术     

胡金和  徐宝庆  王苏影  曾细华  刘宗发  祝飞  张志英  李苏明 《农业科学与技术》2015,(4)

介绍了湘优196的品种特征特性,产量表现。对该品种的丰产栽培技术进行了总结归纳,并通过试验示范提出了相应的配套栽培技术。  相似文献   

Allele Types of Rc Gene of Weedy Rice from Jiangsu Province,China     

Ll Xiao-yan QIANG Sheng SONG Xiao-ling CAI Kun SUN Yi-na SHI Zhi-hua DAI Wei-min 《水稻科学》2014,21(5):252-261

Weedy rice(Oryza sativa f. spontanea), the predominant type of which has a red pericarp, seriously inhibits growth and yield of direct-seeded rice in Jiangsu Province, China. In this study, we randomly selected 10 weedy rice accessions from 10 plots in Jiangsu, and then sequenced the full lengths of their Rc genes(approximately 6.4 kb). In addition, we collected 166 different full-length Rc genes in the Oryza genus from the literature and from GenBank. A collinearity sequence analysis showed that the 10 weedy rice accessions from Jiangsu all had the same wild-type allele of the Rc gene. Single nucleotide polymorphisms indicated that the nucleotide polymorphisms(π = 0.19) and the proportion of segregation sites(θw = 0.28) of the Rc genes in the 10 weedy rice accessions from Jiangsu were higher than those in 56 weedy rice accessions from USA(π = 0.09 and θw = 0.07). Haplotype and phylogenetic analyses showed that the Rc genes of weedy rice accessions from Jiangsu were not revertants of the rc gene found in Asian cultivated rice(O. sativa) varieties with white pericarp. In addition, Rc gene sequences of the rice varieties Lvdao from Lianyungang, Jiangsu and Tangdao from Anhui were more similar to those of cultivated rice than to the weedy rice from Jiangsu. These findings support the continued quarantine of weedy rice and clarify the evolutionary mechanism of the red pericarp found in the weedy rice of Jiangsu.  相似文献   

猪蓝耳病和猪瘟疫苗免疫后抗体检测分析     

卢会鹏  王晓珊  李艳云  郭杨柳  吴楠  史秋梅  刘铮铸  张艳英  高光平 《农业科学与技术》2014,(10):1741-1743

[目的]仔猪在14日龄接种蓝耳病毒疫苗,25日龄接种猪瘟疫苗,检测接种蓝耳病疫苗和猪瘟疫苗后的免疫合格率。[方法]采用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和猪瘟病毒ELISA抗体检测试剂盒检测抗体表达量。[结果]猪蓝耳病疫苗免疫3 d后,6.7%免疫个体为抗体阳性,免疫7 d后,26.7%免疫个体为抗体阳性,免疫14 d后,85%免疫个体为抗体阳性,免疫后30 d 100%免疫个体为抗体阳性;猪瘟疫苗免疫3 d后,13%免疫个体为抗体阳性,免疫7 d后,40%免疫个体为抗体阳性,免疫14 d后,58.3%免疫个体为抗体阳性,免疫30 d后,83.3%免疫个体为抗体阳性。[结论]仔猪在蓝耳病疫苗免疫3 d后抗体效价最低,30 d后免疫效果很好,接种猪瘟疫苗3 d后抗体效价最低,仔猪不足以抵抗病毒侵袭,虽然蓝耳病疫苗和猪瘟疫苗接种后30 d,抗体水平都达到了农业部规定的70%的标准,但是猪瘟疫苗免疫效果不能达到100%理想效果。  相似文献   

改良S1选择法对12个玉米群体改良效果的比较分析     

孙峰成  冯勇  付增娟  苏二虎  张来厚  赵瑞霞  刘志雄  石海波  李美娜 《农业科学与技术》2014,(10):1687-1692

为了对玉米群体进行合理有效的改良利用,通过改良S1选择法对12个玉米群体改良一轮后进行效果比较分析。结果表明,穗行数、行粒数和百粒重是构成产量的三因素,遗传增益最大的群体为蒙群2,其它依次为蒙群4、蒙群1等7个群体,蒙群3及3个国外引进群体遗传增益为负值;玉米群体在穗部、植株性状以及遗传变异中均存在一定的变化。试验研究得出,蒙群2、蒙群4、中综7号、蒙 C群、蒙 A群产量遗传增益均较大,并在其他农艺性状中改良效果显著,可直接选择优株自交进行选系,而其余7个群体遗传增益小,改良利用潜力不大。  相似文献   

Structure Design of Large-scale Sow House with Fermentation Bed     

Bo LlU  Zhaolong Ll  Jianglin LAN  Qinlou HUANG  Jianyang TANG  Wenquan YU  Huai SHl 《农业科学与技术》2014,(10):1819-1825

ln this research, the whole contact-type large-scale sow house with fer-mentation bed was designed. The planning area of the entire piggery was 5 700 m2 with workplace and green belts. The sow house was 93 m long and 33 m wide, a total of 3 069 m2, including office area of 60 m2 and aisle area of 107 m2. The fer-mentation bed had an area of 2 902 m2 with length of 88.7 m and width of 27.7 m. lts area accounted for 95% of the total area of sow house. The fermentation mattress had a depth of 80 cm, and had a volume of 2 321 m3, equivalent to 733 t of coconut chaff and rice chaff. On a large fermentation bed, the areas for boars, replacement gilts, pregnant sows, obstetric tables, nursery pigs, etc. were designed. The large-scale sow house with fermentation bed was equipped with the automatic feeding system, automatic sprinkler system, automatic positioning column for preg-nant sows, sows＇ obstetric table system, fanning wet curtain cooling system, video monitoring system, environmental monitoring （light, temperature, water, humidity, CO2, NH3） and automatic control system. Every farming area was equipped with feeding trough and water trough. The water though was fixed with overflow pipe for removing the extra water. The house could hold 500-head sows. Each sow occu-pied 4.9 m2 of the fermentation bed in average. The designed sow house had a maximum annual output of 10 000 piglets.  相似文献   

The role of small reserves in plant conservation in a region of high diversity in eastern Spain   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E Laguna  V.I Deltoro  J Pèrez-Botella  P Pèrez-Rovira  Ll Serra  A Olivares  C Fabregat 《Biological conservation》2004,119(3):421-426

The Valencian region, in eastern Spain, is home to ≈3050 vascular plant species, 68 of which are listed under the critically endangered IUCN category. To afford protection to our endangered, rare and endemic flora, a network of small (2-20 ha) statutory reserves has been created by the Regional Wildlife Service. These are termed “micro-reserves” and encompass a large number of individual species and natural habitats. The objective is to monitor long term changes in the plant populations and to carry out active management of the protected plants. In the selection of plots, criteria of distinctiveness and endangerment of plants was followed. Eight years after the onset of this initiative, plant micro-reserves have become an essential tool for the effective protection of the diverse flora of this Mediterranean region.  相似文献