Efficacy and safety of an infectious bursal disease virus intermediate vaccine in ovo.     

M Coletti  E Del Rossi  M P Franciosini  F Passamonti  G Tacconi  C Marini 《Avian diseases》2001,45(4):1036-1043

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Cannibalism Reduction in Juvenile Barramundi Lates calcarifer by Providing Refuges and Low Light     

Jian G.  Qin Lorenzo  Mittiga  Francesca  Ottolenghi 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2004,35(1):113-118

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Two successful embryo transfers of mini-donkey embryos in Brazilian Northeastern jennies using an alternative method: Case report     

Lucas T. Rodrigues  Lorenzo GTM Segabinazzi  Sidnei N Oliveira  Mariana Frasson  Frederico O Papa 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(11):1470-1474

Pregnancy rates after embryo transfer (ET) are disappointing in donkey species. This study aims to report two successful ET of mini-donkey embryos using Brazilian Northeastern jennies as recipients. Eighteen embryo flushes were performed 9 days post-ovulation in two non-pregnant mini-donkeys jennies (11 and 7 cycles per jenny). Eleven embryos (61%, 11/18) were collected and transferred to Brazilian Northeastern jennies 4–6 days post-ovulation by conventional (n = 6) or an alternative (n = 5) technique. The alternative method consisted of inserting a Polansky equine vaginal speculum smeared with lubricant in the vagina of the recipient jenny. The arms of the speculum were extended to allow the visualization of the cervix. Then, using an adapted crafted, elongated, toothed tissue grasping forceps, the external cervical os was held, and the cervix was gently pulled backward, aiming to straight the cervical canal. The ET gun was inserted through the vagina and cervix by visual inspection, and the embryo was released into the uterine lumen. All embryos collected were Grade 1 and classified as Expanded Blastocysts. No jennies become pregnant after conventional ET (0/6), whereas two recipient jennies (40%, 2/5) become pregnant and delivered offspring in the following year after ET using the alternative technique. In conclusion, Brazilian Northeastern jennies can be used as embryo recipients using the alternative method proposed in the present study. However, further investigations are needed to improve the knowledge and results of ET in donkey species.  相似文献   

Assessing spillover from marine protected areas and its drivers: A meta‐analytical approach     

Manfredi Di Lorenzo  Paolo Guidetti  Antonio Di Franco  Antonio Cal  Joachim Claudet 《Fish and Fisheries》2020,21(5):906-915

Overfishing may seriously impact fish populations and ecosystems. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are key tools for biodiversity conservation and fisheries management, yet the fisheries benefits remain debateable. Many MPAs include a fully protected area (FPA), restricting all activities, within a partially protected area (PPA) where potentially sustainable activities are permitted. An effective tool for biodiversity conservation, FPAs, can sustain local fisheries via spillover, that is the outward export of individuals from FPAs. Spillover refers to both: “ecological spillover”: outward net emigration of juveniles, subadults and/or adults from the FPA; and “fishery spillover”: the fraction of ecological spillover that directly benefits fishery yields and revenues through fishable biomass. Yet, how common is spillover remains controversial. We present a meta‐analysis of a unique global database covering 23 FPAs worldwide, using published literature and purposely collected field data, to assess the capacity of FPAs to export biomass and whether this response was mediated by specific FPA features (e.g. size, age) or species characteristics (e.g. mobility, economic value). Results show fish biomass and abundance outside FPAs was higher: (a) in locations close to FPA borders (<200 m) than further away (>200 m); (b) for species with a high commercial value; and (c) in the presence of PPA surrounding the FPA. Spillover was slightly higher in FPAs that were larger and older and for more mobile species. Based on the broadest data set compiled to date on marine species ecological spillover beyond FPAs' borders, our work highlights elements that could guide strategies to enhance local fishery management using MPAs.  相似文献   

Putative virulence-related genes in Vibrio anguillarum identified by random genome sequencing     

Rodkhum C  Hirono I  Stork M  Di Lorenzo M  Crosa JH  Aoki T 《Journal of fish diseases》2006,29(3):157-166

The genome of Vibrio anguillarum strain H775-3 was partially determined by a random sequencing procedure. A total of 2,300 clones, 2,100 from a plasmid library and 200 from a cosmid library, were sequenced and subjected to homology search by the BLAST algorithm. The total length of the sequenced clones is 1.5 Mbp. The nucleotide sequences were classified into 17 broad functional categories. Forty putative virulence-related genes were identified, 36 of which are novel in V. anguillarum, including a repeat in toxin gene cluster, haemolysin genes, enterobactin gene, protease genes, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes, capsule biosynthesis gene, flagellar genes and pilus genes.  相似文献   

Growth,absorption and assimilation efficiency by mature cuttlefish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sepia officinalis</Emphasis>) fed with alternative and artificial diets     

Pedro Domingues  Ana Ferreira  Lorenzo Marquez  José P. Andrade  Nelda López  Carlos Rosas 《Aquaculture International》2008,16(3):215-229

The effects of feeding three natural frozen diets, grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sp.), crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and fish (Sardina pilchardus) and two semi-humid artificial diets (based on fish powder) to mature cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis, were analysed. Growth and feeding rates (GR and FR, % BW day⁻¹), food conversions (FC, %), and total protein and lipid composition of the diets were determined. Digestive gland to body weight ratio and absorption efficiency were calculated for each diet. Cuttlefish fed shrimp and crayfish grew larger (1.5 and 1.1% BW day⁻¹, respectively) compared to the other diets. Shrimp promoted the highest FC, followed by crayfish, and sardine. The highest FR was obtained for cuttlefish fed crayfish (8.4% BW day⁻¹). Although both artificial diets were accepted, none produced growth. A positive correlation (r = 0.96) between cuttlefish ingestion rate and digestive gland weight was obtained. Some cannibalism occurred among cuttlefish fed the artificial diets during the last week of the experiment. According to the results obtained, P. clarkii could be used as an alternative prey to shrimp for rearing adult mature (>50 g) S. officinalis.  相似文献   

Chemical authentication of extra virgin olive oil varieties by supervised chemometric procedures.     

Remo Bucci  Andrea D Magrí  Antonio L Magrí  Domenico Marini  Federico Marini 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(3):413-418

This work has focused on discriminating extra virgin olive oils from Sabina (Lazio, Italy) by olive fruit variety (cultivar). A set of oils from five of the most widespread cultivars (Carboncella, Frantoio, Leccino, Moraiolo, and Pendolino) in this geographical area was analyzed for chemical composition using only the Official Analytical Methods, recognized for the quality control and commercial classification of this product. The obtained data set was converted into a computer-compatible format, and principal component analysis (PCA) and a method based on the Fisher F ratio were used to reduce the number of variables without a significant loss of chemical information. Then, to differentiate these samples, two supervised chemometric procedures were applied to process the experimental data: linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and artificial neural network (ANN) using the back-propagation algorithm. It was found that both of these techniques were able to generalize and correctly predict all of the samples in the test set. However, these results were obtained using 10 variables for LDA and 6 (the major fatty acid percentages, determined by a single gas chromatogram) for ANN, which, in this case, appears to provide a better prediction ability and a simpler chemical analysis. Finally, it is pointed out that, to achieve the correct authentication of all samples, the selected training set must be representative of the whole data set.  相似文献   

Fusarium moniliforme secretes four endopolygalacturonases derived from a single gene product     

C. Caprari  C. Bergmann  Q. Migheli  G. Salvi  P. Albersheim  A. Darvill  F. Cervone  G. De Lorenzo 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》1993,43(6)

Extracellular endopolygalacturonase, purified from the pathogenic fungus Fusarium moniliforme, consists of four molecular forms (38, 41·5, 45, and 48·5 kDa, respectively. Three forms (38, 41·5, and 45 kDa) were purified to homogencity by FPLC on a Mono S column followed by electroelution after SDS-PAGE. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of each of the three forms, and of a mixture containing all four forms were shown to be identical to that predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the endopolygalacturonase gene previously cloned from F. moniliforme. Enzymatic deglycosylation experiments revealed the presence of N-linked, high mannose oligosaccharide side-chains on all four forms of endo polygalacturonase. Hydrogen fluoride catalysed chemical deglycosylation of the polygalacturonase mixture yielded a single polypeptide with an apparent molecular mass of 36·2 kDa. Southern blot analysis, carried out at high stringency with an endopolygalacturonase-specific probe on genomic DNA digested with three different restriction enzymes, showed a single hybridizing restriction fragment in all three digests. A single 2·0 Mb chromosome hybridized with the endo polygalacturonase-specific probe, as shown by Southern blot analysis of F. moniliforme chromosomes separated by CHEF electrophoresis. Northern blot analysis revealed only one mRNA species 1350 nt encoding endo polygalacturonase. These data indicate that a single gene encodes the endopolygalacturonases of F. moniliforme.  相似文献   

Effect of fenoldopam on renal function after nephrotomy in normal dogs     

Zimmerman-Pope N  Waldron DR  Barber DL  Forrester SD  Wilcke JR  Marini M 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(6):566-573

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of fenoldopam on renal function in normal dogs subjected to bisection nephrotomy. In addition, effects of bisection nephrotomy on renal function in normal dogs were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled, randomized, blinded experiment. SAMPLE POPULATION: Sixteen mixed-breed adult dogs. METHODS: Dogs were paired for sex, body weight, and approximate age and assigned to 1 of 2 groups: fenoldopam (F) or placebo (P). Baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on quantitative renal scintigraphy using (99m)Tc-DTPA, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), urinalysis, and urine culture were performed before surgery. Left nephrotomy was performed via median celiotomy. Group F dogs were administered intravenous (IV) fenoldopam (0.1 microg/kg/min) for 90 minutes, whereas group P dogs were administered an equivalent volume of saline (0.9 % NaCl) solution for 90 minutes. Temperature, heart rate, respiration, direct arterial blood pressure, and urine volume were recorded during anesthesia. Renal function was assessed by measuring SCr, BUN, and GFR at 1, 21, and 42 days after surgery. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups in measured physiologic variables. No significant difference in GFR, BUN, or SCr between groups or between operated or control kidneys was detected. CONCLUSIONS: Bisection nephrotomy in normal dogs with renal arterial occlusion of 15 minutes and using a simple continuous capsular closure does not adversely affect renal function. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bisection nephrotomy, as described in this study, does not decrease renal function; perioperative administration of renoprotective agents is not necessary in normal dogs.  相似文献   

A morphologic and immunohistochemical study of the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue of pigs naturally infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae     

Sarradell J  Andrada M  Ramírez AS  Fernández A  Gómez-Villamandos JC  Jover A  Lorenzo H  Herráez P  Rodríguez F 《Veterinary pathology》2003,40(4):395-404

Porcine enzootic pneumonia (PEN), caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mh), has been described in pigs in all geographic areas. The disease is characterized by high morbidity and low mortality rates in intensive swine production systems. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study was done to determine the cellular populations present in lung parenchyma of infected pigs, with special attention to the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were used for the detection of antigens of Mh, T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+), IgG+ or IgA+ lymphocytes, and cells containing lysozyme, S-100 protein, major histocompatibility complex class II antigen or myeloid-histiocyte antigen. Findings in lung tissues associated with Mh infection were catarrhal bronchointerstitial pneumonia, with infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria of bronchi and bronchioles and alveolar septa. Hyperplasia of mononuclear cells in the BALT areas was the most significant histologic change. The BALT showed a high morphologic and cellular organization. Macrophages and B lymphocytes were the main cellular components of germinal centers. T lymphocytes were primarily located in perifollicular areas of the BALT, lamina propria and within the airway epithelium, and plasma cells containing IgG or IgA at the periphery of the BALT, in the lamina propria of bronchi and bronchioles, in alveolar septa, and around bronchial submucosal glands. The hyperplastic BALT in PEN cases consisted of macrophages, dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, and IgG+ and IgA+ plasma cells. CD4+ cells predominated over CD8+ cells. Local humoral immunity appears to play an important role in the infection.  相似文献